现在,给定一个特定的 .msu 文件和我的本地计算机,有没有办法迭代这些规则并找出是否不满意 - 以及哪一个?
我可以为此目的使用 WSUS 3.0 类库吗?或者有没有工具/脚本?
您可以通过 WSUS 3.0 类库Update Applicability Rules,尽管它不提供检查规则是否通过的功能,除非(我猜)您运行安装程序,但不会告诉您哪个失败。
Simon 提到 WUAPI 库没有公开内部规则,并且 (afaik) 无法将 WUAPI ResultCodes 与失败的 ApplicabilityRules 匹配。
不幸的是,像Microsoft.Deployment.WindowsInstaller.dll 这样的库不能处理 MSU 文件,所以我们对“现成”选项不走运。因此,您必须手动使用代码和 (msu.xml) XML 文件:
<Updates>
<UpdateIdentity UpdateID="E6CF1350-C01B-414D-A61F-263D14D133B4" RevisionNumber="1" />
<Properties UpdateType="Category" />
<ApplicabilityRules>
<IsInstalled>
<True />
</IsInstalled>
</ApplicabilityRules>
<UpdateIdentity UpdateID="2bf7ed9c-6f43-493a-b156-db20f08c44c4" RevisionNumber="101" />
<Properties UpdateType="Detectoid" />
<Relationships />
<ApplicabilityRules>
<IsInstalled>
<b.RegSz Key="HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE" Subkey="SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\Language" Value="InstallLanguage" Comparison="EqualTo" Data="0409" />
</IsInstalled>
</ApplicabilityRules>
<UpdateIdentity UpdateID="6AECE9A4-19E3-4BC7-A20C-070A5E31AFF4" RevisionNumber="100" />
<Properties UpdateType="Detectoid" />
<Relationships></Relationships>
<UpdateIdentity UpdateID="3B4B8621-726E-43A6-B43B-37D07EC7019F" />
<ApplicabilityRules>
<IsInstalled>
<b.WmiQuery Namespace="root\cimv2" WqlQuery="SELECT Manufacturer FROM Win32_ComputerSystem WHERE Manufacturer = 'Dell Inc.' or Manufacturer = 'Samsung Electronics' or Manufacturer = 'Hewlett-Packard' or Manufacturer = 'Gateway'" />
</IsInstalled>
</ApplicabilityRules>
</Updates>
使用此代码查看哪些 ApplicabilityRules 失败:
private void btnWillPassApplicabilityRules_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
XDocument doc = XDocument.Load("msu.xml");
var elements = doc.Element("Updates").Elements("ApplicabilityRules").Elements("IsInstalled").Elements();
foreach (var element in elements) {
if (element.ToString().StartsWith("<b.RegSz")) {
string subKeyName = element.Attribute("Subkey").Value;
string keyName = element.Attribute("Value").Value;
string keyValue = element.Attribute("Data").Value;
//TODO: Leave the Registry Hive "Switch()" upto reader to fully implement
if (!ValueExistsInRegistry(Registry.LocalMachine, subKeyName, keyName, keyValue)) {
Console.WriteLine("Install is not applicable as Applicability Rule failed: " + element.ToString());
}
}
else if (element.ToString().StartsWith("<b.WmiQuery")) {
string nameSpace = element.Attribute("Namespace").Value;
string wqlQuery = element.Attribute("WqlQuery").Value;
if (!ValueExistsInWMI(nameSpace, wqlQuery)) {
Console.WriteLine("Install is not applicable as Applicability Rule failed: " + element.ToString());
}
}
}
}
private bool ValueExistsInRegistry(RegistryKey root, string subKeyName, string keyName, string keyValue)
{
using (RegistryKey key = root.OpenSubKey(subKeyName)) {
if (key != null) return keyValue == key.GetValue(keyName).ToString();
}
return false;
}
private bool ValueExistsInWMI(string nameSpace, string wqlQuery)
{
ManagementScope scope = new ManagementScope(String.Format("\\\\{0}\\" + nameSpace, "."), null); //The "." is for your local PC
scope.Connect();
ObjectQuery query = new ObjectQuery(wqlQuery);
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(scope, query);
if (searcher.Get().Count == 0) {
return false;
}
else {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
在运行适用性规则之前,最好先检查更新是否会通过操作系统 (OS) 和 Service Pack (SP) 适用性测试。 如果升级不适用于操作系统和 SP,则没有必要检查注册表/wmi 等来确定升级是否通过规则。
要查看 ApplicabilityInfo,请运行 expand 命令行实用程序:
expand -f:* "C:\temp\msu\Windows6.1-KB2973201-x64.msu" "C:\temp\msu"
这将创建以下文件:
- WSUSSCAN.cab
- Windows6.1-KB2973201-x64.cab
- Windows6.1-KB2973201-x64.xml
- Windows6.1-KB2973201-x64-pkgProperties.txt
创建 xml 和 txt 文件大约需要 5 秒。打开 pkgProperties.txt 文件,第一行有信息:
ApplicabilityInfo="Windows 7.0 Client SP1;Windows 7.0 Server Core
SP1;Windows 7.0 嵌入式 SP1;Windows 7.0 服务器 SP1;Windows 7.0 WinPE
3.1;"
MSDN 参考:Description of the Windows Update Standalone Installer in Windows