使用滑块选择要显示的图表

Question

假设我想通过读取三个 .xlsx 文件来显示三个模拟。 接下来，我想设计一个滑块来选择要显示的模拟。 如果我将滑块移动到 0，那么 0 将是函数“update()”的输入。将显示第一个模拟。

以下是代码：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.widgets import Slider
import pandas as pd
import ipywidgets as wg

# input files

rm = pd.read_excel("test_3d.xlsx", header = None)
rm1 = pd.read_excel("test_3d1.xlsx", header = None)
rm2 = pd.read_excel("test_3d2.xlsx", header = None)
rec = np.shape(rm)
X = np.arange(1,rec[1]+1,1)
Y = np.arange(1,rec[0]+1,1)
x , y = np.meshgrid(X,Y)


# Set 3D plots

fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 0.8], projection = '3d')


# Choose which 3D plots to show

def update(val):
    if val == 0:
        ax1.cla()
        ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 0, antialiased = False)        
    elif val == 1:
        ax1.cla()
        ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm1, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 0, antialiased = False)
    elif val == 2:
        ax1.cla()
        ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm2, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 0, antialiased = False)      
    
ax1.set_zlim(-110, -80)

# Design a slider to choose which simulation to show 

slider = wg.IntSlider(value=1, min=0, max=2, description='this is slider')
slideroutput = wg.Output()
display(slider, slideroutput)


numberonslider = []
def on_value_change(change):

    with slideroutput:
        numberonslider.append(change['new'])
        print(numberonslider[-1])
    
    
ddd = slider.observe(on_value_change, names='value')
update(ddd)

如果我移动滑块，“ddd”会给你一个 0、1 或 2 的列表。

但是，3D 模拟没有出现。如何修改代码？

Answer 1

我正在使用 JupyterLab。对于任何类型的交互式 matplotlib 图，我都需要 %matplotlib widget。下面的代码可以正常工作，但没有%matplotlib widget 将无法工作。

警告：%matplotlib widget 不一样 import matplotlib.widget

你没有提供任何样本数据，所以我只是做了一些数据。基本上你的代码结构不正确，if 部分应该在def on_value_change(change): 内。请看下面的代码：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
import ipywidgets as wg
%matplotlib widget

X = np.arange(5)
Y = np.arange(5)
x, y = np.meshgrid(X, Y)
rm = np.sin(x)
rm1 = np.cos(x)
rm2 = y

fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 0.8], projection = '3d')

# Design a slider to choose which simulation to show 
slider = wg.IntSlider(value=1, min=0, max=2, description='this is slider')
slideroutput = wg.Output()
display(slider, slideroutput)

ax1.cla()
plt.title(f"This is slider number {str(slider.value)}")
ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm1, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 10, antialiased = False)

numberonslider = []
def on_value_change(change):
    with slideroutput:
        numberonslider.append(change['new'])
        if numberonslider[-1] == 0:
            ax1.cla()
            plt.title(f"This is slider number {str(slider.value)}")
            ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 10, antialiased = False)
        elif numberonslider[-1] == 1:
            ax1.cla()
            plt.title(f"This is slider number {str(slider.value)}")
            ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm1, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 10, antialiased = False)
        elif numberonslider[-1] == 2:
            ax1.cla()
            plt.title(f"This is slider number {str(slider.value)}")
            ax1.plot_surface(x, y, rm2, cmap = cm.coolwarm, linewidth = 10, antialiased = False)
    
slider.observe(on_value_change, names='value')

输出：

如果我的解释不清楚，请再次询问。