关于 MVC 和 Identity 的两个问题

Question

我对身份和 MVC 非常陌生，我正在尝试创建一个 MVC 应用程序作为我的第一个项目之一。

我已经能够关注 few tutorials 并已成功向我的 ApplicationUser 中添加了其他属性：IdentityUser 类

public class ApplicationUser
    : IdentityUser<string, ApplicationUserLogin,
    ApplicationUserRole, ApplicationUserClaim>
{
    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "UserName")]
    [StringLength(50)]
    public string Handle { get; set; }

    [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "Your {0} can be at most {1} characters long.")]
    [Display(Name = "First Name")]
    public string FirstName { get; set; }

    [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "Your {0} can be at most {1} characters long.")]
    [Display(Name = "Last Name")]
    public string LastName { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "User Creation Date")]
    public DateTime UserCreationDate { get; set; }

    public ApplicationUser()
    {
        this.Id = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();

        // Add any custom User properties/code here
    }

我的问题是：

1. 我看到电子邮件在 App_Start.IdentityConfig.cs 中设置为需要唯一电子邮件的位置，有没有办法将其设置为需要像 Handle 这样的唯一自定义属性？

       var manager = new ApplicationUserManager(new UserStore<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole, string, ApplicationUserLogin, ApplicationUserRole, ApplicationUserClaim>(context.Get<ApplicationDbContext>()));
       // Configure validation logic for usernames
       manager.UserValidator = new UserValidator<ApplicationUser>(manager)
       {
           AllowOnlyAlphanumericUserNames = false,
           RequireUniqueEmail = true
       };
   

2. 在 Views.Shared._LoginPartial.cshtml 的部分视图中，它显示了使用 User.Identity.GetUserName() 登录应用程序的人的用户名/电子邮件是否有一种方法可以引用我的自定义属性之一而不是这样作为名字还是句柄？

   @using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity
   
   @if (Request.IsAuthenticated)
   {
       using (Html.BeginForm("LogOff", "Account", FormMethod.Post, new { id = "logoutForm", @class = "navbar-right" }))
       {
       @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
   
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
           <li>
               @Html.ActionLink("Hello " + User.Identity.GetUserName() + "!", "Index", "Manage", routeValues: null, htmlAttributes: new { title = "Manage" })
           </li>
           <li><a href="javascript:document.getElementById('logoutForm').submit()">Log off</a></li>
       </ul>
       }
   }
   else
   {
       <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
           <li>@Html.ActionLink("Register", "Register", "Account", routeValues: null, htmlAttributes: new { id = "registerLink" })</li>
           <li>@Html.ActionLink("Log in", "Login", "Account", routeValues: null, htmlAttributes: new { id = "loginLink" })</li>
       </ul>
   }
   

Answer 1

这里已经介绍了实现自定义UserValidator：How can customize Asp.net Identity 2 username already taken validation message?

不要为每个页面请求访问数据库以显示句柄，而是在登录期间添加声明。

定义您自己的声明：

public static class CustomClaimTypes
{
    public const string Handle = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2014/03/mystuff/claims/handle";
}

在登录期间，设置声明：

private async Task SignInAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool isPersistent, string password = null)
{
    AuthenticationManager.SignOut(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);

    var identity = await UserManager.CreateIdentityAsync(user, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie);

    //Get the handle and add the claim to the identity.
    var handle = GetTheHandle();
    identity.AddClaim(new Claim(CustomClaimTypes.Handle, handle);

    AuthenticationManager.SignIn(new AuthenticationProperties() { IsPersistent = isPersistent }, identity);
}

然后，通过扩展方法你可以像GetUserName()一样读出它：

public static class IdentityExtensions
{
    public static string GetHandle(this IIdentity identity)
    {
        if (identity == null)
            return null;

        return (identity as ClaimsIdentity).FirstOrNull(CustomClaimTypes.Handle);
    }

    internal static string FirstOrNull(this ClaimsIdentity identity, string claimType)
    {
        var val = identity.FindFirst(claimType);

        return val == null ? null : val.Value;
    }
}

最后，在你看来：

@User.Identity.GetHandle()

Answer 2

1) 我会让你自己的 UserValidator 继承自微软的 UserValidator 并处理你的额外字段。

更新：

2）您可以制作自己的扩展方法来获取您添加的额外字段。

public static string GetSomething(this IIdentity identity)
{
    if (identity.IsAuthenticated)
    {
        var userStore = new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(new Context());
        var manager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(userStore);
        var currentUser = manager.FindById(identity.GetUserId());
        return something = currentUser.something;                
    }
    return null;
}