在 Docker 容器中运行 Azure PowerShell 脚本

Question

我想在 Docker 容器中运行 Azure-PowerShell 脚本。由于 Docker 对我来说很新，也许我只是没有正确理解一些概念。

据我了解，下面的 Dockerfile 是基于 Linux 的，并且安装了 PowerShell 和 Azure PowerShell？

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/azure-powershell:latest
COPY . /app
SHELL ["cmd", "/S", "/C"]    
RUN "& ./app/WriteHostTest.ps1" #For testing purposes I just want to fire a really simple .ps1 file.

我尝试了各种修改，但目前我收到此错误：

container_linux.go:349: starting container process caused "exec: \"cmd\": executable file not found in $PATH"

在“Windows 容器” 中它可以工作，但是，在这里我无法安装 Az PowerShell 模块。我也尝试了很多修改，但基本上：

Dockerfile：

## Create first layer: Windows image
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
LABEL Robin Bette

## Create second layer: copy everything from the CURRENT DIRECTORY to /app location
COPY . /app

## Download the tools 
SHELL ["cmd", "/S", "/C"]
ADD "https://dist.nuget.org/win-x86-commandline/v5.8.0/nuget.exe" "C:\TEMP\nuget.exe"

## Install NuGet
RUN "C:\TEMP\nuget.exe" install NuGet.Build -Version 2.12.1

## Install PowerShellGet
SHELL ["powershell", "-ExecutionPolicy", "Bypass", "-Command"]
RUN Install-Module -Name PowerShellGet -RequiredVersion 2.2.1 -Force

# Install Azure PowerShell
RUN Install-Module -Name Az -Force

## Run the PowerShell script
RUN PowerShell ./app/Az-Script.ps1


## Stuff I tried:
# Install PS7 (did not help)
# RUN iex "& { $(irm https://aka.ms/install-powershell.ps1) } -UseMSI" => Error on the ampersand
#ADD "https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.0/PowerShell-7.1.0-win-x64.msi" "C:\TEMP\PowerShell-7.1.0-win-x64.msi"
#RUN "C:\TEMP\PowerShell-7.1.0-win-x64.msi"

#RUN Install-PackageProvider -Name NuGet -Force
#RUN Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://aka.ms/install-powershell.ps1'))

Install-PackageProvider : No match was found for the specified search criteria
for the provider 'NuGet'. The package provider requires 'PackageManagement'
and 'Provider' tags. Please check if the specified package has the tags.
Exception calling "ShouldContinue" with "2" argument(s): "Object reference not set to an instance of an object."

在这里，我只是不断收到错误（为此我尝试了各种解决方案，例如将 PowerShell 更新到版本 7）：

Exception calling "ShouldContinue" with "2" argument(s): "Object reference not set to an instance of an object." At...\PowerShellGet\1.0.0.1\...

有什么想法吗？提前致谢！

Answer 1

对于 Linux 容器，问题在于您正在尝试启动 cmd.exe，它是 Windows 命令行解释器，在 Linux 中不存在。尝试改用 pwsh（不带选项）。

所以 SHELL 行应该是这样的：

SHELL ["pwsh"]

改为。