使用 C# ASP.NET MVC Identity 以编程方式创建用户

Question

我正在尝试以编程方式将用户添加到 ASP.NET MVC 身份。

我遇到的错误是：UserManager threw an exception of type 'System.NullReferenceException'

这个函数是通过一个不是来自这个站点的 POST 调用的。它位于 AccountController 中 public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model) 的正下方。

[AllowAnonymous]
public async Task<bool> GenerateUser(string email)
{
        var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = email, Email = email };
        string password = System.Web.Security.Membership.GeneratePassword(12, 4);
        var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, password);

        if (result.Succeeded)
        {
           // Omitted
        }
        else { AddErrors(result); }

        return true;
 }

我也尝试使用下面的代码来执行相同的操作，但是我收到了错误，即用户名中不能有特殊字符（我使用的是电子邮件地址），但这绝对是允许的，因为它就是这样我所有的用户都是使用public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model) 创建的。

string password = System.Web.Security.Membership.GeneratePassword(12, 4);
var store = new Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework.UserStore<ApplicationUser>();
var manager = new ApplicationUserManager(store);
var user = new ApplicationUser() { Email = email, UserName = email };
var result = manager.Create(user, password);

用户对象与我填写表单以在站点上创建新用户一样（使用public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model)），密码只是一个字符串，也一样。

---

public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model) 是根据脚手架的默认设置，但无论如何都在下面供参考：

// POST: /Account/Register
[HttpPost]
[AllowAnonymous]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public async Task<ActionResult> Register(RegisterViewModel model)
{
        if (ModelState.IsValid)
        {
            var user = new ApplicationUser { UserName = model.Email, Email = model.Email };
            var result = await UserManager.CreateAsync(user, model.Password);
            if (result.Succeeded)
            {
                //await SignInManager.SignInAsync(user, isPersistent:false, rememberBrowser:false);

                // For more information on how to enable account confirmation and password reset please visit https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=320771
                // Send an email with this link
                 string code = await UserManager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(user.Id);
                 var callbackUrl = Url.Action("ConfirmEmail", "Account", new { userId = user.Id, code = code }, protocol: Request.Url.Scheme);
                 await UserManager.SendEmailAsync(user.Id, "Confirm your account", "Please confirm your account by clicking <a href=\"" + callbackUrl + "\">here</a>");

                //return RedirectToAction("Index", "Home");
                // TODO: Email Sent
                return View("ConfirmationSent");
            }
            AddErrors(result);
        }

        // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form
        return View(model);
 }

---

编辑：

我调用函数：

var result = new AccountController().GenerateUser(model.emailAddress);

---

编辑2：

如要求：这是ApplicationUserManager 的类定义

    public static ApplicationUserManager Create(IdentityFactoryOptions<ApplicationUserManager> options, IOwinContext context) 
    {
        var manager = new ApplicationUserManager(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context.Get<ApplicationDbContext>()));
        // Configure validation logic for usernames
        manager.UserValidator = new UserValidator<ApplicationUser>(manager)
        {
            AllowOnlyAlphanumericUserNames = false,
            RequireUniqueEmail = true
        };

        // Configure validation logic for passwords
        manager.PasswordValidator = new PasswordValidator
        {
            RequiredLength = 8,
            RequireNonLetterOrDigit = false,
            RequireDigit = false,
            RequireLowercase = false,
            RequireUppercase = false,
        };

        // Configure user lockout defaults
        manager.UserLockoutEnabledByDefault = true;
        manager.DefaultAccountLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5);
        manager.MaxFailedAccessAttemptsBeforeLockout = 5;

        // Register two factor authentication providers. This application uses Phone and Emails as a step of receiving a code for verifying the user
        // You can write your own provider and plug it in here.
        manager.RegisterTwoFactorProvider("Phone Code", new PhoneNumberTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>
        {
            MessageFormat = "Your security code is {0}"
        });
        manager.RegisterTwoFactorProvider("Email Code", new EmailTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>
        {
            Subject = "Security Code",
            BodyFormat = "Your security code is {0}"
        });
        manager.EmailService = new EmailService();
        manager.SmsService = new SmsService();
        var dataProtectionProvider = options.DataProtectionProvider;
        if (dataProtectionProvider != null)
        {
            manager.UserTokenProvider = 
                new DataProtectorTokenProvider<ApplicationUser>(dataProtectionProvider.Create("ASP.NET Identity"));
        }
        return manager;
    }
}

Answer 1

问题出在 UserManager 上，这解决了问题。

    ApplicationDbContext context = new ApplicationDbContext();

    var roleManager = new RoleManager<IdentityRole>(new RoleStore<IdentityRole>(context));
    var UserManager = new UserManager<ApplicationUser>(new UserStore<ApplicationUser>(context));
    UserManager.UserValidator = new UserValidator<ApplicationUser>(UserManager)
    {
        AllowOnlyAlphanumericUserNames = false,
        RequireUniqueEmail = true
    };

    string password = System.Web.Security.Membership.GeneratePassword(12, 4);
    var user = new ApplicationUser();
    user.Email = model.Email;
    user.UserName = model.Email;

    string userPWD = password;

    var result = UserManager.Create(user, userPWD);