kernel_require.rb:55:in `require': 无法加载此类文件错误

Question

我目前使用的是 Ruby 1.9.3 版（尽管我遇到了与 Ruby 2.0.0 相同的问题）。在 Windows 7 64 位上。我正在关注“The Cucumber Book”并被困在第 7.2 章 - “使用变换删除重复”。我的文件夹结构如下：

\cash_withdrawal
\cash_withdrawal\Gemfile
\cash_withdrawal\Gemfile.lock
\cash_withdrawal\features
\cash_withdrawal\features\cash-withdrawal.feature
\cash_withdrawal\features\step_definitions
\cash_withdrawal\features\step_definitions\cash_withdrawal_steps.rb
\cash_withdrawal\features\step_definitions\lib
\cash_withdrawal\features\step_definitions\lib\nice_bank.rb
\cash_withdrawal\features\support
\cash_withdrawal\features\support\env.rb
\cash_withdrawal\features\support\transforms.rb
\cash_withdrawal\features\support\world_extensions.rb

在我的cash_withdrawal_steps.rb 文件中，我有：

require 'CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT'

Given /^I have deposited (#{CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT}) in my Account$/ do |amount|
  my_account.deposit(amount)
  my_account.balance.should eq(amount), 
    "Expected the balance to be #{amount} but it was #{my_account.balance}"
end

当我运行cucumber 时，我得到：

C:\Users\Nikita.Harrison\AutomatedTesting\cash_withdrawal>黄瓜 无法加载此类文件 -- CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT (LoadError) C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in r equire' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in r 要求' C:/Users/Nikita.Harrison/AutomatedTesting/cash_withdrawal/features/step_definiti ons/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:1:in <top (required)>' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_l anguage.rb:122:inload' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_l anguage.rb:122:in load_code_file' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/runtime/support _code.rb:180:inload_file' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/runtime/support _code.rb:83:in block in load_files!' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/runtime/support _code.rb:82:ineach' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/runtime/support _code.rb:82:in load_files!' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:184: inload_step_definitions' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:42:i n run!' C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:47: in执行！ C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/cucumber-1.3.10/bin/cucumber:13:in <top (re quired)>' C:/Ruby193/bin/cucumber:23:inload' C:/Ruby193/bin/cucumber:23:in `'

如果我运行 irb 然后运行 ​​require "CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT" 我得到这个错误：

irb(main):006:0> 需要 "CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT" LoadError: 无法加载 这样的文件——CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT 来自 C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_requir e.rb:55:in require' from C:/Ruby193/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_requir e.rb:55:inrequire' 来自 (irb):6 来自 C:/Ruby193/bin/irb:12:in `'

我尝试了许多修复方法，包括“require_relative”，但似乎没有任何方法可以解决我的问题。 如果我从 cash_withdrawal_steps.rb 文件中删除 require 'CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT' 并运行 cucumber，那么我的“步骤定义”不会按定义显示：

C:\Users\Nikita.Harrison\AutomatedTesting\cash_withdrawal>cucumber
Feature: Cash withdrawal

   @test   Scenario: Successful withdrawal from an account in credit #
 features\cash_with drawal.feature:4
     Given I have deposited $100 in my Account               # features\cash_with drawal.feature:5
     When I withdraw $20                                     # features/step_defi nitions/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:7
     Then $20 should be dispensed                            # features/step_defi nitions/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:11
     And the balance of my account should be $80             # features/step_defi nitions/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:15

 1 scenario (1 undefined) 4 steps (3 skipped, 1 undefined) 0m0.006s

 You can implement step definitions for undefined steps with these
 snippets:

 Given(/^I have deposited \$(\d+) in my Account$/) do |arg1|   pending
 \# express the regexp above with the code you wish you had end

如果我将require File.join(File.dirname("C:/Users/Nikita.Harrison/AutomatedTesting/cash_withdrawal/features/support"), 'support', 'transforms') 添加到env.rb 文件并运行cucumber，我会得到：

 C:/Users/Nikita.Harrison/AutomatedTesting/cash_withdrawal/features/support/trans
 forms.rb:1: warning: already initialized constant CAPTURE_CASH_AMOUNT
 Feature: Cash withdrawal

   @test   Scenario: Successful withdrawal from an account in credit #
 features\cash_with drawal.feature:4
     Given I have deposited $100 in my Account               # features\cash_with drawal.feature:5
     When I withdraw $20                                     # features/step_defi nitions/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:7
     Then $20 should be dispensed                            # features/step_defi nitions/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:11
     And the balance of my account should be $80             # features/step_defi nitions/cash_withdrawal_steps.rb:15

 1 scenario (1 undefined) 4 steps (3 skipped, 1 undefined) 0m0.013s

 You can implement step definitions for undefined steps with these
 snippets:

 Given(/^I have deposited \$(\d+) in my Account$/) do |arg1|   pending
 \# express the regexp above with the code you wish you had end

我知道我在这里一定做错了什么，但我就是不知道是什么，需要帮助。 Gemfile 内容：

# This Gemfile lists all Gems used throughout the book - with versions.
source :rubygems

# Build stuff
gem 'bundler', '1.5.3'
#gem 'rake', '10.1.1'
#gem 'watchr', '0.7'
#gem 'bcat', '0.6.2'

# General stuff
#gem 'aruba', '0.4.11'
gem 'cucumber', '1.3.10', :require => 'cucumber'
gem 'rake', '10.1.1'
gem 'rspec', '2.14.1', :require => 'cucumber'
gem 'rspec-expectations', '2.14.5'
gem 'watir-webdriver', '0.6.7'

我想我已经包含了所有需要的信息。

Answer 1

我刚刚遇到了同样的问题，我认为这是捆绑程序的问题。无论如何，我通过运行解决了这个问题：

bundle update
bundle exec ruby <yourfilename.rb>

希望这会有所帮助！

Answer 2

我之前好像遇到过同样的问题。我通过添加一个简单的

来修复它

require rubygems

在我所有需要的行代码之前。

Answer 3

每当您安装新的 gem 时，您都需要更新捆绑包（正如 @zwolfe 指出的那样）。 因此，运行：

bundle update

在您应该能够运行您的 Ruby 脚本之后，只需使用：

ruby <yourRubyScript.rb> 要么 bundle exec ruby <yourRubyScript.rb