如何对返回匿名对象的 ASP.NET Core MVC 控制器进行单元测试？

Question

我在对返回匿名对象的 ASP.NET Core MVC 控制器进行单元测试时遇到问题。单元测试设置在单独的项目中，直接从主项目中调用控制器方法。

控制器方法返回 IActionResult，但通常这些是 OkObjectResult 和 BadRequestObjectResult 对象，它们被转换为带有适当 HTTP 状态代码的 JSON 响应。匿名对象作为 ObjectResult 对象的构造函数参数传递，我正试图针对这些对象进行断言（可通过 ObjectResult.Value 访问）。

我发现这个问题 (how can i access internals in asp.net 5) 的答案是使用动态并添加

[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("Namespace")]

到 AssemblyInfo.cs 以允许测试项目访问匿名对象的内部对象属性。但是，最新版本的 ASP.NET Core MVC 没有 AssemblyInfo.cs，并且按照链接问题的答案中的建议添加一个也不起作用。

现在是否有其他位置可以添加 InternalsVisibleTo 还是我遗漏了什么？

Answer 1

来自this answer 的原创想法，采用更通用的方法。使用自定义 DynamicObject 作为包装器通过反射检查值，无需添加 InternalsVisibleTo

public class DynamicObjectResultValue : DynamicObject, IEquatable<DynamicObjectResultValue> {
    private readonly object value;

    public DynamicObjectResultValue(object value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    #region Operators
    public static bool operator ==(DynamicObjectResultValue a, DynamicObjectResultValue b) {
        // If both are null, or both are same instance, return true.
        if (System.Object.ReferenceEquals(a, b)) {
            return true;
        }
        // If one is null, but not both, return false.
        if (ReferenceEquals((object)a, null) || ReferenceEquals((object)b, null)) {
            return false;
        }
        // Return true if the fields match:
        return a.value == b.value;
    }

    public static bool operator !=(DynamicObjectResultValue a, DynamicObjectResultValue b) {
        return !(a == b);
    }
    #endregion

    public override IEnumerable<string> GetDynamicMemberNames() {
        return value.GetType().GetProperties().Select(p => p.Name);
    }

    public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result) {
        //initialize value
        result = null;
        //Search possible matches and get its value
        var property = value.GetType().GetProperty(binder.Name);
        if (property != null) {
            // If the property is found, 
            // set the value parameter and return true. 
            var propertyValue = property.GetValue(value, null);
            result = propertyValue;
            return true;
        }
        // Otherwise, return false. 
        return false;
    }

    public override bool Equals(object obj) {
        if (obj is DynamicObjectResultValue)
            return Equals(obj as DynamicObjectResultValue);
        // If parameter is null return false.
        if (ReferenceEquals(obj, null)) return false;
        // Return true if the fields match:
        return this.value == obj;
    }

    public bool Equals(DynamicObjectResultValue other) {
        // If parameter is null return false.
        if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) return false;
        // Return true if the fields match:
        return this.value == other.value;
    }

    public override int GetHashCode() {
        return ToString().GetHashCode();
    }

    public override string ToString() {
        return string.Format("{0}", value);
    }
}

假设以下控制器

public class FooController : Controller {

    public IActionResult GetAnonymousObject() {

        var jsonResult = new {
            id = 1,
            name = "Foo",
            type = "Bar"
        };

        return Ok(jsonResult);
    }

    public IActionResult GetAnonymousCollection() {

        var jsonResult = Enumerable.Range(1, 20).Select(x => new {
            id = x,
            name = "Foo" + x,
            type = "Bar" + x
        }).ToList();

        return Ok(jsonResult);
    }
}

测试可能看起来像

[TestMethod]
public void TestDynamicResults() {
    //Arrange
    var controller = new FooController();

    //Act
    var result = controller.GetAnonymousObject() as OkObjectResult;

    //Assert
    dynamic obj = new DynamicObjectResultValue(result.Value);

    Assert.IsNotNull(obj);
    Assert.AreEqual(1, obj.id);
    Assert.AreEqual("Foo", obj.name);
    Assert.AreEqual(3, obj.name.Length);
    Assert.AreEqual("Bar", obj.type);
}

[TestMethod]
public void TestDynamicCollection() {
    //Arrange
    var controller = new FooController();

    //Act
    var result = controller.GetAnonymousCollection() as OkObjectResult;

    //Assert
    Assert.IsNotNull(result, "No ActionResult returned from action method.");
    dynamic jsonCollection = result.Value;
    foreach (dynamic value in jsonCollection) {
        dynamic json = new DynamicObjectResultValue(value);

        Assert.IsNotNull(json.id,
            "JSON record does not contain \"id\" required property.");
        Assert.IsNotNull(json.name,
            "JSON record does not contain \"name\" required property.");
        Assert.IsNotNull(json.type,
            "JSON record does not contain \"type\" required property.");
    }
}