绘制 3 年的时间序列每小时数据

Question

下面是我的数据的样子。我的数据叫做sales1156。

> sales1156
date.and.time      hsales  
 06/01/11 09:00    14.00
 06/01/11 10:00    28.00
 06/01/11 11:00    28.00
 06/01/11 12:00    28.00
 06/01/11 13:00    28.00
 06/01/11 14:00    28.00

数据持续到 2013 年 10 月 4 日（04/10/2013）。我已使用以下命令创建时间序列对象。

> hsales1156xts<-as.xts(sales1156,order.by=as.Date(sales1156$date.and.time,frequency=24))
> is.xts(hsales1156xts)
[1] TRUE

问题是我无法绘制正确的图表。

> plot.xts(hsales1156xts)   # This command is throwing a warning as mentioned below    
Warning message:
In plot.xts(hsales1156xts) : only the univariate series will be plotted

Stackoverflow 不允许我附加图表。有人请帮我绘制这个时间序列。任何好的阅读或建议都会很棒。我无法从 xts 和 zoo 文件中获得很多信息。因此需要一些详细的语法和解释。

Answer 1

日期列需要从as.xts(x=的数据输入中排除

测试示例：

require(PerformanceAnalytics)

data(economics)
colnames(economics)
#[1] "date"     "pce"      "pop"      "psavert"  "uempmed"  "unemploy"

#Subset your timeseries
economics_sub=economics[,c("date","uempmed")]

#Ensure your date or datetime object is in the correct format
economics_sub$date=as.Date(economics_sub[,1],format="%Y-%m-%d")

#Exclude date column whie reading data in  "x ="
economics_xts<-as.xts(x=economics_sub[,"uempmed"],order.by=economics_sub[,"date"])
colnames(economics_xts)=colnames(economics_sub)[-1]

head(economics_xts)
#           uempmed
#1967-06-30     4.5
#1967-07-31     4.7
#1967-08-31     4.6
#1967-09-30     4.9
#1967-10-31     4.7
#1967-11-30     4.8


#Plot Series using PerformanceAnalytics function 'chart_Series'
chart_Series(economics_xts)

你的例子：

#Data input
sales1156=read.csv(text='date.time,hsales
 "06/01/11 09:00",14.00
 "06/01/11 10:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 11:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 12:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 13:00",28.00
 "06/01/11 14:00",28.00',header=TRUE)

#Check format of your datetime index
str(sales1156)
#'data.frame':  6 obs. of  2 variables:
# $ date.time: Factor w/ 6 levels " 06/01/11 09:00",..: 1 2 3 4 5 6
# $ hsales   : num  14 28 28 28 28 28

#The datetime index has been read as a factor and not as datetime object

#Convert datetime to appropriate format, in this case POSIXct format

sales1156$date.time=as.POSIXct(sales1156$date.time,format="%d/%m/%y %H:%M")

#Check if your formatting has worked as intended

str(sales1156)
#'data.frame':  6 obs. of  2 variables:
# $ date.time: POSIXct, format: "2011-01-06 09:00:00" "2011-01-06 10:00:00" ...
# $ hsales   : num  14 28 28 28 28 28

#Converion to xts,exclude date column whie reading data in  "x ="
hsales1156xts<-as.xts(x=sales1156[,"hsales"],order.by=sales1156[,"date.time"])
colnames(hsales1156xts)=colnames(sales1156)[-1]

head(hsales1156xts)
#                    hsales
#2011-01-06 09:00:00     14
#2011-01-06 10:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 11:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 12:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 13:00:00     28
#2011-01-06 14:00:00     28

#Plot Series using PerformanceAnalytics function 'chart_Series'
chart_Series(hsales1156xts)