如何在 PyGame 中实现选项按钮并更改按钮颜色？

Question

请建议我如何在按下按钮时更改按钮的颜色，当我按下第二个按钮时，第一个按钮的颜色将更改为默认颜色。

例如，当我单击 STRAIGHT 按钮后，按钮将变为绿色，当我单击 LEFT 按钮时，LEFT 按钮将变为绿色，而 STRAIGHT 按钮将变为默认颜色，即白色。在此先感谢:)

代码：

def draw_button(self):

    global clicked
    action = False

    # get mouse position
    pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

    # create pygame Rect object for the button
    button_rect = Rect(self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)

    # check mouseover and clicked conditions
    if button_rect.collidepoint(pos):
        if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] == 1:
            clicked = True
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.click_col, button_rect)
        elif pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] == 0 and clicked == True:
            clicked = False
            action = True
           
        else:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.hover_col, button_rect)
    else:
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.button_col, button_rect)

Answer 1

绘制按钮时，需要根据全局变量clicked设置颜色：

def draw_button(self):

    global clicked
    
    # get mouse position
    pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

    # create pygame Rect object for the button
    button_rect = Rect(self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)

    # check mouseover and clicked conditions
    hover = button_rect.collidepoint(pos)
    if hover and pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0] == 1:
        clicked = not clicked

    color = self.button_col
    if clicked:
        color = self.click_col
    elif hover:
        color = self.hover_col

    pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, button_rect)

无论如何，这不会让你满意，因为pygame.mouse.get_pressed() 返回一个布尔值列表，代表所有鼠标按钮的状态（True 或False）。只要按下按钮，按钮的状态就是True。
您必须使用MOUSEBUTTONDOWN 事件。 MOUSEBUTTONDOWN 事件在您单击鼠标按钮时发生一次，MOUSEBUTTONUP 事件在释放鼠标按钮时发生一次。 pygame.event.Event() 对象有两个属性提供有关鼠标事件的信息。 pos 是一个存储被点击位置的元组。 button 存储被点击的按钮。

---

如果您有多个必须相互交互的按钮，则单个clicked 状态是不够的。每个按钮都需要一个单独的“单击”状态。如果1个按钮的点击状态变为True，则其他按键的状态必须设置为False。我建议为此实现一个RadioButton 类。

另请参阅 Mouse 和 Sprite。

最小的例子： repl.it/@Rabbid76/PyGame-RadioButton

import pygame

class RadioButton(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self, x, y, w, h, font, text):
        super().__init__() 
        text_surf = font.render(text, True, (0, 0, 0))
        self.button_image = pygame.Surface((w, h))
        self.button_image.fill((96, 96, 96))
        self.button_image.blit(text_surf, text_surf.get_rect(center = (w // 2, h // 2)))
        self.hover_image = pygame.Surface((w, h))
        self.hover_image.fill((96, 96, 96))
        self.hover_image.blit(text_surf, text_surf.get_rect(center = (w // 2, h // 2)))
        pygame.draw.rect(self.hover_image, (96, 196, 96), self.hover_image.get_rect(), 3)
        self.clicked_image = pygame.Surface((w, h))
        self.clicked_image.fill((96, 196, 96))
        self.clicked_image.blit(text_surf, text_surf.get_rect(center = (w // 2, h // 2)))
        self.image = self.button_image
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, w, h)
        self.clicked = False
        self.buttons = None

    def setRadioButtons(self, buttons):
        self.buttons = buttons

    def update(self, event_list):
        hover = self.rect.collidepoint(pygame.mouse.get_pos())
        for event in event_list:
            if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if hover and event.button == 1:
                    for rb in self.buttons:
                        rb.clicked = False
                    self.clicked = True
        
        self.image = self.button_image
        if self.clicked:
            self.image = self.clicked_image
        elif hover:
            self.image = self.hover_image


pygame.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((300, 300))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
font50 = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 50)

radioButtons = [
    RadioButton(50, 40, 200, 60, font50, "option 1"),
    RadioButton(50, 120, 200, 60, font50, "option 2"),
    RadioButton(50, 200, 200, 60, font50, "option 3")
]
for rb in radioButtons:
    rb.setRadioButtons(radioButtons)
radioButtons[0].clicked = True

group = pygame.sprite.Group(radioButtons)

run = True
while run:
    clock.tick(60)
    event_list = pygame.event.get()
    for event in event_list:
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False 

    group.update(event_list)

    window.fill(0)
    group.draw(window)
    pygame.display.flip()

pygame.quit()
exit()

Answer 2

your_button_rect = pygame.Rect(x,y,width,height)
color = (0,0,0)
pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
def change_button_color():
    if your_button_rect.colliderect(pos):
        if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: #checks if mouse button is pressed down while the cursor is on the rectangle
            color = (your_desired_Color_RGBvalue)

while True:
    pygame.draw.rect(screen,color,your_button_rect)
    change_button_color()