使用 wxPython 中的线程更新 GUI 中面板的标签

Question

级别：初学者

我使用的是 python v2.7 和 wxPython v3.0，操作系统是 windows 7。

我的 GUI 应用程序：在我的 GUI 应用程序中，我从服务器读取一些值，然后根据这些值的数量在我的 GUI 中创建面板。然后这些面板中的每一个都将以staticText 的形式表示值。例如：如果我从服务器接收 1,2,3 值，那么我创建 3 面板，每个面板显示 1, 2 和 3 分别。到这里为止都可以正常工作。

问题：我想每 5 秒检查一次服务器以获取值并相应地更新我的 GUI，即。我必须更新面板上的staticText 以显示更新后的值。我不想添加新面板我只想更新旧面板中的值。

例如： 如果我检查服务器并且服务器返回 1、2、3 为值然后我想创建 3 面板分别显示 1、2、3 值。然后 5 秒后，当我再次检查服务器时，如果服务器给出 4、5、6 作为值，那么我只想更新这些值在旧面板上。这意味着现在面板将显示 4、5、6 而不是 1、2强>、3。我在 SC 上阅读了一些关于使用线程的教程和帖子，我也了解了一些基本事实。不幸的是，我不明白如何将这个概念应用于我的问题。 如果我能为我的这个特定问题找到一个工作示例，这样我就可以将其应用于我的其余应用程序，那将是非常棒的。

代码：我为这个特定问题创建了一个简短的示例代码。 class labelsA 中的 getLabels() 和 labelsB 类中的 getLabels() 通过生成一些随机值并将它们返回到列表中来模拟服务器。然后class labelA 的getLabels() 返回的值列表和class labelsB 的getLabels() 返回的值列表分别被createPanels()A 和createPanelsB() 使用来创建面板并显示这些值。白色背景的面板是panelA，黄色背景的面板是panelB。如果有人能教我如何使用线程来更新这两个面板的值而不冻结/阻塞我的 GUI，那就太好了。

下载：下面提供了示例代码，也可以是downloaded from here以避免识别问题。

#!/usr/bin/env python

from random import randrange
import wx
import wx.lib.scrolledpanel

class GUI(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        screenWidth = 800
        screenHeight = 450
        screenSize = (screenWidth, screenHeight)
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, id, title, size=screenSize)
        self.locationFont = locationFont = wx.Font(15, wx.MODERN, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD)
        mainSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        panelSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        self.sizerA = sizerA = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.panelA = panelA = wx.lib.scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel(self, -1, style=wx.SIMPLE_BORDER)
        panelA.SetupScrolling()
        panelA.SetBackgroundColour('#FFFFFF')
        self.sizerB = sizerB = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.panelB = panelB = wx.lib.scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel(self, -1, style=wx.SIMPLE_BORDER)
        panelB.SetupScrolling()
        panelB.SetBackgroundColour('#FFF000')
        panelA.SetSizer(sizerA)
        panelB.SetSizer(sizerB)
        mainSizer.Add(panelA, 15, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL)
        mainSizer.Add(panelB, 15, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL)
        self.SetSizer(mainSizer)
        self.createPanelsA()
        self.createPanelsB()

    def createPanelsA(self):
        k = 0
        labelObj = labelsA()
        locations = labelObj.getLabel()
        print locations
        for i in locations:
            sPanels = 'sPanel'+str(k)
            sPanels = wx.Panel(self.panelA)
            label = str(k+1)
            text = wx.StaticText(sPanels, -1, label)
            text.SetFont(self.locationFont)
            text.SetForegroundColour('#0101DF')
            self.sizerA.Add(sPanels, 0, wx.ALL, 5)
            self.sizerA.Add(wx.StaticLine(self.panelA), 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 0)
            k += 1

    def createPanelsB(self):
        k = 0
        labelObj = labelsB()
        locations = labelObj.getLabel()
        print locations
        for i in locations:
            sPanels = 'sPanel'+str(k)
            sPanels = wx.Panel(self.panelB)
            label = str(k+1)
            text = wx.StaticText(sPanels, -1, label)
            text.SetFont(self.locationFont)
            text.SetForegroundColour('#0101DF')
            self.sizerB.Add(sPanels, 0, wx.ALL, 5)
            self.sizerB.Add(wx.StaticLine(self.panelB), 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 0)
            k += 1
################################################
class labelsA():
    def getLabel(self):
        mylist =[]
        i = randrange(10)
        for k in range(1,i+1):
            mylist.append(k)
        return mylist
###############################################
class labelsB():
    def getLabel(self):
        mylist =[]
        i = randrange(10)
        for k in range(1,i+1):
            mylist.append(k)
        return mylist
###############################################

if __name__=='__main__':
    app = wx.App()
    frame = GUI(parent=None, id=-1, title="Test")
    frame.Show()
    app.MainLoop()

非常感谢您的宝贵时间。任何帮助将不胜感激。

Answer 1

这是一个创建线程以每 5 秒从某处获取信息的演示，还展示了如何根据需要创建静态文本，以及如何更新它们。

#!/usr/bin/env python

from random import randrange
import wx
import wx.lib.scrolledpanel

import time
import threading
from wx.lib.pubsub import setupkwargs
from wx.lib.pubsub import pub

class GUI(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        screenWidth = 800
        screenHeight = 450
        screenSize = (screenWidth, screenHeight)
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, id, title, size=screenSize)
        self.locationFont = locationFont = wx.Font(15, wx.MODERN, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD)
        mainSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.sizer = sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.panel = panel = wx.lib.scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel(self, -1, style=wx.SIMPLE_BORDER)
        panel.SetupScrolling()
        panel.SetBackgroundColour('#FFFFFF')
        panel.SetSizer(sizer)
        mainSizer.Add(panel, 15, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL)
        self.SetSizer(mainSizer)

        self.text_labels = []  # Stores the labels where server data is displayed

        pub.subscribe(self.OnNewLabels, "NEW_LABELS")


    def OnNewLabels(self, labels):
        locations = labels
        print locations
        if len(self.text_labels) < len(labels):
            new_labels_needed = len(labels) - len(self.text_labels) 
            label = "(no data)"
            for i in range(new_labels_needed):
                sPanels = wx.Panel(self.panel)
                text = wx.StaticText(sPanels, -1, label)
                text.SetFont(self.locationFont)
                text.SetForegroundColour('#0101DF')
                self.sizer.Add(sPanels, 0, wx.ALL, 5)
                self.sizer.Add(wx.StaticLine(self.panel), 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 0)
                self.text_labels.append(text)
            self.sizer.Layout()            
        k = 0
        for label in locations:
            self.text_labels[k].SetLabel(str(label))
            k=k+1


###############################
#
#

def InterfaceThread():
    while True:
        # get the info from the server
        mylist =[]
        i = randrange(10)
        for k in range(1,i+1):
            mylist.append(randrange(10))

        # Tell the GUI about them
        wx.CallAfter(pub.sendMessage, "NEW_LABELS", labels = mylist)
        time.sleep(5)


class ServerInterface():

    def __init__(self):
        interface_thread = threading.Thread(target = InterfaceThread, args = ()) 
        interface_thread.start()



#############
#

if __name__=='__main__':
    app = wx.App()
    frame = GUI(parent=None, id=-1, title="Test")
    frame.Show()
    server_interface = ServerInterface()
    app.MainLoop()

Answer 2

作为记录，我知道这个问题很久以前就已经回答过了，用一个简单的 wx.Timer 就可以达到同样的结果。
使用上面提供的代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import wx
import wx.lib.scrolledpanel
from random import randrange
class GUI(wx.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, id, title):
        screenWidth = 800
        screenHeight = 450
        screenSize = (screenWidth, screenHeight)
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, None, id, title, size=screenSize)
        self.locationFont = locationFont = wx.Font(15, wx.MODERN, wx.NORMAL, wx.BOLD)
        mainSizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.sizer = sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        self.panel = panel = wx.lib.scrolledpanel.ScrolledPanel(self, -1, style=wx.SIMPLE_BORDER)
        panel.SetupScrolling()
        panel.SetBackgroundColour('#FFFFFF')
        panel.SetSizer(sizer)
        mainSizer.Add(panel, 15, wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL)
        self.SetSizer(mainSizer)
        self.text_labels = []  # Stores the labels where server data is displayed
        self.timer = wx.Timer(self)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.OnTimer, self.timer)
        self.timer.Start(5000)

    def OnNewLabels(self, labels):
        locations = labels
        print locations
        if len(self.text_labels) < len(labels):
            new_labels_needed = len(labels) - len(self.text_labels) 
            label = "(no data)"
            for i in range(new_labels_needed):
                sPanels = wx.Panel(self.panel)
                text = wx.StaticText(sPanels, -1, label)
                text.SetFont(self.locationFont)
                text.SetForegroundColour('#0101DF')
                self.sizer.Add(sPanels, 0, wx.ALL, 5)
                self.sizer.Add(wx.StaticLine(self.panel), 0, wx.ALL|wx.EXPAND, 0)
                self.text_labels.append(text)
            self.sizer.Layout()
        k = 0
        for label in locations:
            self.text_labels[k].SetLabel(str(label))
            k=k+1
        if len(self.text_labels) > len(labels):
            labels_not_needed = len(self.text_labels) - len(labels)
            for i in range(labels_not_needed):
                self.text_labels[k].SetLabel("-")
                k+=1

    def OnTimer(self, evt):
        # get the info from the server
        mylist =[]
        i = randrange(10)
        for k in range(1,i+1):
            mylist.append(randrange(10))
        self.OnNewLabels(mylist)

if __name__=='__main__':
    app = wx.App()
    frame = GUI(parent=None, id=-1, title="Test")
    frame.Show()
    app.MainLoop()