如何在 Tkinter 列表框中选择多行？

Question

我正在使用下面的类来绘制带有可选元素的可滚动表格。当用户单击其中一个项目时，我需要将整行突出显示（有效）。但目前您一次只能选择一行。如何修改下面的代码以允许一次选择（和突出显示）多行？

from Tkinter import *
import Tkinter as tk


class MultiListbox_fuse(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master,lists):
        Frame.__init__(self,master,borderwidth=1,relief=SUNKEN)
        self.lists = []
        self.columns=[]
        for l,w in lists:
            frame = Frame(self); frame.pack(side=LEFT, expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
            Label(frame, text=l, borderwidth=1, relief=RAISED).pack(fill=X)
            lb = Listbox(frame, width=w, height=30, borderwidth=0, selectborderwidth=0,
             relief=FLAT, exportselection=FALSE, selectmode=MULTIPLE)
            lb.pack(expand=YES, fill=BOTH)
            self.lists.append(lb)
            lb.bind('<B1-Motion>', lambda e, s=self: s._select(e.y))
            lb.bind('<Button-1>', lambda e, s=self: s._select(e.y))
            lb.bind('<Leave>', lambda e: 'break')
            lb.bind('<B2-Motion>', lambda e, s=self: s._b2motion(e.x, e.y))
            lb.bind('<Button-2>', lambda e, s=self: s._button2(e.x, e.y))
            lb.bind('&lt;Button-4>', lambda e, s=self: s._scroll(SCROLL, 1, PAGES))
            lb.bind('&lt;Button-5>', lambda e, s=self: s._scroll(SCROLL, -1, PAGES))
            lb.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)

            #self.add(frame)
        Label(master, borderwidth=1, relief=FLAT).pack(fill=X)
        sb = Scrollbar(master, orient=VERTICAL, command=self._scroll,borderwidth=1)
        sb.pack(fill=Y,side=RIGHT,expand=NO)
        for l in self.lists:
            l['yscrollcommand']=sb.set
        #self.add(frame)
        self.pack(expand=YES,fill=BOTH)
        self.sortedBy=-1
        self.previousWheel=0


    def _select(self, y,state=16):
        row = self.lists[0].nearest(y)
        if state==16:self.selection_clear(0, END)
        self.selection_set(row)
##        print self.curselection()
        return 'break'


    def _button2(self, x, y):
        for l in self.lists: l.scan_mark(x, y)
        return 'break'


    def _b2motion(self, x, y):
        for l in self.lists: l.scan_dragto(x, y)
        return 'break'


    def _scroll(self, *args):
        for l in self.lists:
            apply(l.yview, args)
        return 'break'

    def clickon(self,e):
        self._sortBy(self.columns.index(e.widget['text']))


    def _sortBy(self, column):
        """ Sort by a given column. """


        if column == self.sortedBy:
                    direction = -1 * self.direction
        else:
            direction = 1

        elements = self.get(0, END)
        self.delete(0, END)
        elements.sort(lambda x, y: self._sortAssist(column, direction, x, y))
        self.insert(END, *elements)

        self.sortedBy = column
        self.direction = direction


    def _sortAssist(self, column, direction, x, y):
        c = cmp(x[column], y[column])
        if c:
            return direction * c
        else:
            return direction * cmp(x, y)

    def curselection(self):
        return self.lists[0].curselection()


    def delete(self, first, last=None):
        for l in self.lists:
            l.delete(first, last)


    def get(self, first, last=None):
        result = []
        for l in self.lists:
            result.append(l.get(first,last))
        if last: return apply(map, [None] + result)
        return result


    def index(self, index):
        self.lists[0].index(index)


    def insert(self, index, *elements):
        for e in elements:
            i = 0
            for l in self.lists:
                l.insert(index, e[i])
                i = i + 1


    def size(self):
        return self.lists[0].size()


    def see(self, index):
        for l in self.lists:
            l.see(index)

    def selection_anchor(self, index):
        for l in self.lists:
            l.selection_anchor(index)

    def selection_clear(self, first, last=None):
        for l in self.lists:
            l.selection_clear(first, last)

    def selection_includes(self, index):
        return self.lists[0].selection_includes(index)


    def selection_set(self, first, last=None):
        for l in self.lists:
            l.selection_set(first, last)


    def OnMouseWheel(self, event):
        for l in self.lists:
            l.yview("scroll", event.delta,"units")
        # this prevents default bindings from firing, which
        # would end up scrolling the widget twice
        return "break"


root = Tk()
root.minsize(width=650, height=580)
root.maxsize(width=650, height=580)
w, h = root.winfo_screenwidth(), root.winfo_screenheight()
x = (w/2) - 300
y = (h/2) - 250
root.geometry('%dx%d+%d+%d' % (650, 550, x, y-80))
root.wm_title("Results displayed")

tabelka = MultiListbox_fuse(root, (('Costam1',8), ('Costam2',8)))
tabelka.pack()
for a in range(1,100):
    tabelka.insert(END, (str("abc1"), str("def2")))

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

在您的_select 方法中，在添加单击的选项之前清除选择：

def _select(self, y,state=16):
    row = self.lists[0].nearest(y)
    if state==16:self.selection_clear(0, END) # This clears the selection
    self.selection_set(row)
    ## print self.curselection()
    return 'break'

如果您想从选择中删除该项目（如果它已经在其中），请执行以下操作：

def _select(self, y,state=16):
    row = self.lists[0].nearest(y)
    if row in self.curselection(): # Check if the row already is in the selection
        self.selection_clear(row) # If it is, remove it
    else:
        self.selection_set(row) # If it isn't, add it
    return 'break'

---

因为您还将此方法绑定到<B1-Motion>，所以在移动同一行时确实有点奇怪，因为它不断地添加和删除同一行。您可以使用类似以下的方法来解决这个问题，它会检查您是否在拖动时移动到另一行。

self.current_row = None

for l,w in lists:
    ...
    lb.bind('<B1-Motion>', lambda e, s=self: s.drag(e.y))
    ...

def _select(self, y,state=16):
    row = self.lists[0].nearest(y)
    if row in self.curselection():
        self.selection_clear(row)
    else:
        self.selection_set(row)
    self.current_row = row
    return 'break'

def drag(self, y):
    row = self.lists[0].nearest(y)
    if not row == self.current_row:
        self._select(y)

Answer 2

这段代码不容易理解，几乎没有 cmets。绑定语句中的 labbdas 并不容易。

当我尝试使用滚动条而不是使用鼠标滚轮时出错：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\qwerty\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1702, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:\Users\qwerty\Documents\Python\test.py", line 58, in _scroll
    apply(l.yview, args)
NameError: name 'apply' is not defined

这是一个尝试：

# Add binding in __init()__ with the other bindings
lb.bind('<Shift-Button-1>', self.more)

# Create the function to handle <Shift-Button-1>
def more(self, event):
    first = self.lists[0].curselection()[0]     # The previous selection
    last = self.lists[0].nearest(event.y)       # Current mouse click
    self.selection_set(first, last=last)        # Set selection

这标志着所有列表中的选择。我没有考虑到第一选择不存在等的可能性。