如何在nodejs控制台中隐藏密码？

Question

我想隐藏密码输入。我在 stackoverflow 中看到了很多答案，但是如果按退格键，我将无法验证值。条件返回 false。

我尝试了几种解决方案来覆盖该函数，但如果我按下退格键，我会遇到缓冲区问题，我得到了不可见字符 \b。

我按：“A”，退格，“B”，我的缓冲区中有这个：“\u0041\u0008\u0042”（toString() = 'A\bB'）而不是“B”。

我有：

var readline = require('readline');

var rl = readline.createInterface({
    input: process.stdin,
    output: process.stdout
});

rl.question("password : ", function(password) {
    console.log("Your password : " + password);
});

Answer 1

这可以通过 readline 通过静音流拦截输出来处理，就像在 npm (https://github.com/isaacs/read/blob/master/lib/read.js) 上的读取项目中所做的那样：

var readline = require('readline');
var Writable = require('stream').Writable;

var mutableStdout = new Writable({
  write: function(chunk, encoding, callback) {
    if (!this.muted)
      process.stdout.write(chunk, encoding);
    callback();
  }
});

mutableStdout.muted = false;

var rl = readline.createInterface({
  input: process.stdin,
  output: mutableStdout,
  terminal: true
});

rl.question('Password: ', function(password) {
  console.log('\nPassword is ' + password);
  rl.close();
});

mutableStdout.muted = true;

Answer 2

覆盖应用readline接口的_writeToOutput:https://github.com/nodejs/node/blob/v9.5.0/lib/readline.js#L291

要隐藏您的密码输入，您可以使用：

第一个解决方案：“密码：[=-]”

此解决方案在您按下触摸时会有动画：

password : [-=]
password : [=-]

代码：

var readline = require('readline');

var rl = readline.createInterface({
  input: process.stdin,
  output: process.stdout
});

rl.stdoutMuted = true;

rl.query = "Password : ";
rl.question(rl.query, function(password) {
  console.log('\nPassword is ' + password);
  rl.close();
});

rl._writeToOutput = function _writeToOutput(stringToWrite) {
  if (rl.stdoutMuted)
    rl.output.write("\x1B[2K\x1B[200D"+rl.query+"["+((rl.line.length%2==1)?"=-":"-=")+"]");
  else
    rl.output.write(stringToWrite);
};

这个序列 "\x1B[2K\x1BD" 使用两个转义序列：

• Esc [2K : 清除整行。
• Esc D : 将窗口向上移动/滚动一行。

要了解更多信息，请阅读：http://ascii-table.com/ansi-escape-sequences-vt-100.php

第二种解决方案：“密码：****”

var readline = require('readline');

var rl = readline.createInterface({
  input: process.stdin,
  output: process.stdout
});

rl.stdoutMuted = true;

rl.question('Password: ', function(password) {
  console.log('\nPassword is ' + password);
  rl.close();
});

rl._writeToOutput = function _writeToOutput(stringToWrite) {
  if (rl.stdoutMuted)
    rl.output.write("*");
  else
    rl.output.write(stringToWrite);
};

您可以使用以下命令清除历史记录：

rl.history = rl.history.slice(1);

Answer 3

您可以使用readline-sync 模块代替节点的readline。

密码隐藏功能是通过它的“hideEchoBack”选项内置的。

https://www.npmjs.com/package/readline-sync

Answer 4

使用readline的另一种方法：

var readline = require("readline"),
    rl = readline.createInterface({
      input: process.stdin,
      output: process.stdout
    });

rl.input.on("keypress", function (c, k) {
  // get the number of characters entered so far:
  var len = rl.line.length;
  // move cursor back to the beginning of the input:
  readline.moveCursor(rl.output, -len, 0);
  // clear everything to the right of the cursor:
  readline.clearLine(rl.output, 1);
  // replace the original input with asterisks:
  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    rl.output.write("*");
  }
});

rl.question("Enter your password: ", function (pw) {
  // pw == the user's input:
  console.log(pw);
  rl.close();
});

Answer 5

我的解决方案，从网上的各个方面拼凑而成：

import readline from 'readline';

export const hiddenQuestion = query => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
  const rl = readline.createInterface({
    input: process.stdin,
    output: process.stdout
  });
  const stdin = process.openStdin();
  process.stdin.on('data', char => {
    char = char + '';
    switch (char) {
      case '\n':
      case '\r':
      case '\u0004':
        stdin.pause();
        break;
      default:
        process.stdout.clearLine();
        readline.cursorTo(process.stdout, 0);
        process.stdout.write(query + Array(rl.line.length + 1).join('*'));
        break;
    }
  });
  rl.question(query, value => {
    rl.history = rl.history.slice(1);
    resolve(value);
  });
});

用法是这样的：

// import { hiddenQuestion } from './hidden-question.js';

const main = async () => {
  console.log('Enter your password and I will tell you your password! ');
  const password = await hiddenQuestion('> ');
  console.log('Your password is "' + password + '". ');
};

main().catch(error => console.error(error));

Answer 6

想要添加到标记的解决方案#2。

当我们检测到行尾时，我相信我们应该删除事件处理程序，而不仅仅是 stdin.pause()。如果您在其他地方等待 rl.question/rl.prompt，这可能是个问题。 在这些情况下，如果使用了stdin.pause()，它只会退出程序而不会给出任何错误，而且调试起来会很烦人。

function hidden(query, callback) {
    var stdin = process.openStdin();
    var onDataHandler = function(char) {
        char = char + "";
        switch (char) {
          case "\n": case "\r": case "\u0004":
            // Remove this handler
            stdin.removeListener("data",onDataHandler); 
            break;//stdin.pause(); break;
          default:
            process.stdout.write("\033[2K\033[200D" + query + Array(rl.line.length+1).join("*"));
          break;
        }
    }
    process.stdin.on("data", onDataHandler);

    rl.question(query, function(value) {
      rl.history = rl.history.slice(1);
      callback(value);
    });
}

Answer 7

也可以使用tty.ReadStream
更改process.stdin的模式
禁用回显输入字符。

let read_Line_Str = "";
let credentials_Obj = {};
process.stdin.setEncoding('utf8');
process.stdin.setRawMode( true );
process.stdout.write( "Enter password:" ); 
process.stdin.on( 'readable', () => {
  const chunk = process.stdin.read();
  if ( chunk !== null ) {
    read_Line_Str += chunk;
    if( 
      chunk == "\n" ||
      chunk == "\r" ||
      chunk == "\u0004"
    ){
      process.stdout.write( "\n" );
      process.stdin.setRawMode( false );
      process.stdin.emit('end'); /// <- this invokes on.end
    }else{
      // providing visual feedback
      process.stdout.write( "*" );  
    }  
  }else{
    //console.log( "readable data chunk is null|empty" );
  }
} );
process.stdin.on( 'end', () => {
  credentials_Obj.user = process.env.USER;
  credentials_Obj.host = 'localhost';
  credentials_Obj.database = process.env.USER;
  credentials_Obj.password = read_Line_Str.trim();
  credentials_Obj.port = 5432;
  //
  connect_To_DB( credentials_Obj );
} );

Answer 8

您可以按照here 的建议使用prompt 模块。

const prompt = require('prompt');

const properties = [
    {
        name: 'username', 
        validator: /^[a-zA-Z\s\-]+$/,
        warning: 'Username must be only letters, spaces, or dashes'
    },
    {
        name: 'password',
        hidden: true
    }
];

prompt.start();

prompt.get(properties, function (err, result) {
    if (err) { return onErr(err); }
    console.log('Command-line input received:');
    console.log('  Username: ' + result.username);
    console.log('  Password: ' + result.password);
});

function onErr(err) {
    console.log(err);
    return 1;
}

Answer 9

承诺的 typescript 原生版本：

这也将处理多个question 调用（正如@jeffrey-woo 指出的那样）。我选择不将输入替换为*，因为它感觉不是很unix-y，而且我发现如果输入太快有时会出现故障。

import readline from 'readline';

export const question = (question: string, options: { hidden?: boolean } = {}) =>
  new Promise<string>((resolve, reject) => {
    const input = process.stdin;
    const output = process.stdout;

    type Rl = readline.Interface & { history: string[] };
    const rl = readline.createInterface({ input, output }) as Rl;

    if (options.hidden) {
      const onDataHandler = (charBuff: Buffer) => {
        const char = charBuff + '';
        switch (char) {
          case '\n':
          case '\r':
          case '\u0004':
            input.removeListener('data', onDataHandler);
            break;
          default:
            output.clearLine(0);
            readline.cursorTo(output, 0);
            output.write(question);
            break;
        }
      };
      input.on('data', onDataHandler);
    }

    rl.question(question, (answer) => {
      if (options.hidden) rl.history = rl.history.slice(1);
      rl.close();
      resolve(answer);
    });
  });

用法：

(async () => {
  const hiddenValue = await question('This will be hidden', { hidden: true });
  const visibleValue = await question('This will be visible');
  console.log('hidden value', hiddenValue);
  console.log('visible value', visibleValue);
});

Answer 10

这是我的解决方案，它不需要任何外部库（除了 readline）或大量代码。

// turns off echo, but also doesn't process backspaces
// also captures ctrl+c, ctrl+d
process.stdin.setRawMode(true); 

const rl = require('readline').createInterface({input: process.stdin});
rl.on('close', function() { process.exit(0); }); // on ctrl+c, doesn't work? :(
rl.on('line', function(line) {
    if (/\u0003\.test(line)/) process.exit(0); // on ctrl+c, but after return :(
    // process backspaces
    while (/\u007f/.test(line)) {
        line = line.replace(/[^\u007f]\u007f/, '').replace(/^\u007f+/, '');
    }

    // do whatever with line
});