perl 提取 </SPAN> 和 <br> 之间的句子

Question

我想提取 SPAN 和 br 之间的句子。我正在尝试使用 HTML::TreeBuilder。我是 perl 的新手。任何帮助将不胜感激。

<p>
<SPAN class="verse" id="1">1 </SPAN> ଆରମ୍ଭରେ ପରମେଶ୍ବର ଆକାଶ ଓ   ପୃଥିବୀକୁ ସୃଷ୍ଟି କଲେ।
<br><SPAN class="verse" id="2">2 </SPAN> ପୃଥିବୀ ସେତବେେଳେ ସଂପୂରନ୍ଭାବେ ଶୂନ୍ଯ ଓ କିଛି ନଥିଲା। ଜଳଭାଗ ଉପରେ ଅନ୍ଧକାର ଘାଡ଼ଇେେ ରଖିଥିଲା ଏବଂ ପରମେଶ୍ବରଙ୍କର ଆତ୍ମା ଜଳଭାଗ
<br><SPAN class="verse" id="3">3 </SPAN> ଉପରେ ବ୍ଯାପ୍ତ ଥିଲା।
<br><SPAN class="verse" id="4">4 </SPAN> ପରମେଶ୍ବର ଆଲୋକକୁ ଦେଖିଲେ ଏବଂ ସେ ଜାଣିଲେ, ତାହା ଉତ୍ତମ, ଏହାପ ରେ ପରମେଶ୍ବର ଆଲୋକକୁ ଅନ୍ଧକାରରୁ ଅଲଗା କଲେ।
</p>

我做了什么

 foreach $line (@lines)
    {
        # Now create a new tree to parse the HTML from String $str
        my $tr = HTML::TreeBuilder->new_from_content($line);

        # And now find all <p> tags and create an array with the values.
        my @lists = 
              map { $_->content_list } 
              $tr->find_by_tag_name('p');

        # And loop through the array returning our values.
        foreach my $val (@lists) {
        print $val, "\n";printf FILE1  "\n%s", $val ;
        }   


    }

我无法跳过嵌套在 p 标签中的那些 html 标签。我只想提取 unicode 文本并跳过嵌套标签。

Answer 1

我会使用 XML::Twig，只是因为我熟悉它。在底层它使用 HTML::TreeBuilder 将 HTML 转换为 XHTML。

解决您的问题的一个简单方法是：

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;

use XML::Twig;

binmode( STDOUT, ':utf8'); # to avoid warnings when printing out wide (multi-byte) characters


my $file= shift @ARGV;

my $t= XML::Twig->new->parsefile_html( $file);

foreach my $p ($t->descendants( 'p'))
  { $p->cut_children( 'span');              # HTML::TreeBuilder lowercases tags
    my @texts= $p->children_text( '#TEXT'); # just get the text
    print join "---\n", @texts;             # or do whatever with the text
  }

Answer 2

你当然可以使用正则表达式:-)

while ( $html =~ s!<span[^>]*>.*?</span>([^>]*)<br>!$1! ){
  my $text = $1;
}

使用正则表达式修复原始代码仍然很容易。

    # And loop through the array returning our values.
    foreach my $val (@lists) {
        $val =~ s!<[^>]*>!!gis;
        print $val, "\n";printf FILE1  "\n%s", $val ;
    }  

正则表达式并不邪恶：http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2008/06/regular-expressions-now-you-have-two-problems.html

正则表达式就像是一种特别辣的辣酱——to be 仅在适当的时候适度和克制地使用。