非 DST 时区的 Joda 时间转换不正确

【问题标题】：Joda time conversion incorrect with non-DST timezone非 DST 时区的 Joda 时间转换不正确
【发布时间】：2011-07-06 02:31:03
【问题描述】：

我遇到了 Joda 的问题，我认为这可能是一个错误。但是，我很有可能在使用该库时犯了错误，所以请给我您的反馈。

我们一直在生产中使用 joda 在我们的数据库存储格式 (UTC) 和用户的时区偏好之间转换时间。使用该系统的员工都在不遵守夏令时的亚利桑那州工作。除其他外，该系统还跟踪全国体育赛事的开始时间。

Joda 为我们工作得很好，直到我们注意到在时间变化的前一天我们得到了一些不正确的结果。我们发现 joda 似乎在 UTC 午夜改为夏令时，而不是在特定时区的适当时间。此外，仅在将 DST 观察状态与非 DST 状态（如亚利桑那州）之间的时间转换时，才会出现此问题。

我制作了一个完整的测试用例来说明这个问题。如您所见，joda 为所有美国/东部 -> 美国/太平洋测试用例提供了预期结果。对于美国/亚利桑那州 -> 美国/太平洋，它在 11 月变更之前和之后的全年都有效。但是，在时间更改当天（11 月 6 日）时间不正确。行军时间变化也可能存在问题，尽管我还没有彻底测试过。

这是所提供测试的输出（11 月 6 日的条目说明了错误）：

=== November 1st, Expected Result (0 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-11-01 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-01 09:00. Change (0 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-11-01 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-01 09:00. Change (0 hour).

=======================================

=== November 6th, Expected Result (0 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-11-06 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-06 09:00. Change (0 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-11-06 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-06 08:00. Change (-1 hour).

=======================================

=== November 12th, Expected Result (-1 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-11-12 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-12 08:00. Change (-1 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-11-12 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-12 08:00. Change (-1 hour).

=======================================

=== March 12th, Expected Result (-1 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-03-12 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-12 08:00. Change (-1 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-03-12 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-12 08:00. Change (-1 hour).

=======================================

=== March 14th, Expected Result (0 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-03-14 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-14 09:00. Change (0 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-03-14 09:00 from US/Arizona to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-14 09:00. Change (0 hour).

=======================================

=== November 1st, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-11-01 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-01 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-11-01 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-01 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

=======================================

=== November 6th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-11-06 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-06 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-11-06 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-06 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

=======================================

=== November 12th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-11-12 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-12 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-11-12 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-11-12 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

=======================================

=== March 12th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-03-12 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-12 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-03-12 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-12 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

=======================================

=== March 14th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===
java:
Converting 2010-03-14 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-14 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

joda:
Converting 2010-03-14 09:00 from US/Eastern to US/Pacific.
Result: 2010-03-14 06:00. Change (-3 hour).

=======================================

这是完整的测试用例：

package com.test.time;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimeZone;

import org.joda.time.DateTimeZone;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

public class TimeTest {
    Calendar nov6;
    Calendar nov1;
    Calendar nov12;

    Calendar mar12;
    Calendar mar14;

    @Before
    public void doBefore() {
        // November 1st 2010, 9:00pm (DST is active)
        nov1 = Calendar.getInstance();
        nov1.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("US/Arizona"));
        nov1.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 21);
        nov1.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
        nov1.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
        nov1.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2010);
        nov1.set(Calendar.MONTH, 10); // November
        nov1.set(Calendar.DATE, 1);

        // November 6st 2010, 9:00pm (DST is still active until early AM
        // november 7th)
        nov6 = Calendar.getInstance();
        nov6.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("US/Arizona"));
        nov6.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 21);
        nov6.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
        nov6.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
        nov6.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2010);
        nov6.set(Calendar.MONTH, 10); // November
        nov6.set(Calendar.DATE, 6);

        // November 12th 2010, 9:00pm (DST has ended)
        nov12 = Calendar.getInstance();
        nov12.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("US/Arizona"));
        nov12.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 21);
        nov12.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
        nov12.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
        nov12.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2010);
        nov12.set(Calendar.MONTH, 10); // November
        nov12.set(Calendar.DATE, 12);

        // March 12th 2011, 9:00pm (DST has ended, will begin early a.m. march
        // 13th)
        mar12 = Calendar.getInstance();
        mar12.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("US/Arizona"));
        mar12.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 21);
        mar12.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
        mar12.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
        mar12.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2010);
        mar12.set(Calendar.MONTH, 2); // March
        mar12.set(Calendar.DATE, 12);

        // March 14th 2011, 9:00pm (DST has started)
        mar14 = Calendar.getInstance();
        mar14.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("US/Arizona"));
        mar14.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 21);
        mar14.set(Calendar.MINUTE, 0);
        mar14.set(Calendar.SECOND, 0);
        mar14.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2010);
        mar14.set(Calendar.MONTH, 2); // March
        mar14.set(Calendar.DATE, 14);
    }

    @Test
    public void testArizonaToPacific() {
        System.out.println("=== November 1st, Expected Result (0 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(nov1.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(nov1.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== November 6th, Expected Result (0 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(nov6.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(nov6.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== November 12th, Expected Result (-1 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(nov12.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(nov12.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== March 12th, Expected Result (-1 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(mar12.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(mar12.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== March 14th, Expected Result (0 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(mar14.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(mar14.getTime(), "US/Arizona", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");
    }

    @Test
    public void testEasternToPacific() {
        System.out.println("=== November 1st, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(nov1.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(nov1.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== November 6th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(nov6.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(nov6.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== November 12th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(nov12.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(nov12.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== March 12th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(mar12.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(mar12.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");

        System.out.println("=== March 14th, Expected Result (-3 hour) ===");
        timeTestJava(mar14.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        timeTestJoda(mar14.getTime(), "US/Eastern", "US/Pacific");
        System.out.println("=======================================\n");
    }

    // print some output from the test
    private void print(Date startTime, String text, String from, String to,
            Date output) {
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm");

        System.out.println(text + ":");
        System.out.println("Converting " + sdf.format(startTime) + " from "
                + from + " to " + to + ".");
        long difference = output.getTime() - startTime.getTime();
        System.out.println("Result: " + sdf.format(output) + ". Change ("
                + difference / 1000 / 60 / 60 + " hour).\n");
    }

    // wrapper around joda test
    private void timeTestJoda(Date startTime, String from, String to) {
        Date output = convertJodaOld(startTime, TimeZone.getTimeZone(from),
                TimeZone.getTimeZone(to));
        print(startTime, "joda", from, to, output);
    }

    // wrapper around java test
    private void timeTestJava(Date startTime, String from, String to) {
        Date output = convertJava(startTime, TimeZone.getTimeZone(from),
                TimeZone.getTimeZone(to));
        print(startTime, "java", from, to, output);
    }

    // Joda implementation, works before and after DST change, but not during
    // the period from 2am-7am UTC on the day of the change
    public Date convertJodaOld(Date dt, TimeZone from, TimeZone to) {
        DateTimeZone tzFrom = DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(from);
        DateTimeZone tzTo = DateTimeZone.forTimeZone(to);

        Date utc = new Date(tzFrom.convertLocalToUTC(dt.getTime(), false));
        Date convertedTime = new Date(tzTo.convertUTCToLocal(utc.getTime()));
        return convertedTime;
    }

    // Java implementation. Works.
    public Date convertJava(Date dt, TimeZone from, TimeZone to) {
        long fromOffset = from.getOffset(dt.getTime());
        long toOffset = to.getOffset(dt.getTime());

        long convertedTime = dt.getTime() - (fromOffset - toOffset);
        return new Date(convertedTime);
    }
}

谢谢！

【问题讨论】：

    标签： java calendar jodatime


    【解决方案1】：

    不要使用“US/Arizona”，它已经过时了。

    使用“美国/凤凰”

    “US/Pacific”也是如此，请改用“America/Los_Angeles”。

    【讨论】：

    • 很高兴知道，但是使用您建议的时区不会影响测试结果。您是否有关于美国/* 时区已过时的信息的链接？
    • @samspot。这是“官方”列表 -> en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones。这是一些非官方的信息 -> timezoneconverter.com/cgi-bin/zoneinfo.tzc?s=default&tz=US/…
    • @samspot。在我看来，您实际上并没有使用 Joda 时间。构造 DateTime 对象，看看你仍然有问题。我一直在我的代码中使用 DateTime 并围绕标准/日光更改进行了大量测试，因为它们对我们的系统至关重要。 Joda 时间类总是返回正确的结果。
    • 感谢您的提示。在使用 DateTime 进一步挖掘之后，我发现 joda 在内部正确地表示了我的时间，但是当我尝试转换回 Java 日期（使用 DateTime.toDate()）时，问题就出现了。整个 ui 与 java.util.Date 对象紧密耦合，因此我们确实需要一种方法以适当显示的方式转换为它们。
    猜你喜欢
    • 2015-10-19
    • 2015-10-26
    • 2017-06-20
    • 1970-01-01
    • 2013-08-03
    • 2016-04-19
    • 2013-04-15
    • 1970-01-01
    • 2015-12-31
    相关资源
    最近更新 更多
    热门标签
    Java Python linux javascript Mysql C# Docker 算法 前端 SpringBoot Redis Vue spring 设计模式 .net core .net kubernetes c++ 数据库 数据结构 大数据 js 机器学习 微服务 Android Go 程序员 面试 JVM ASP.net core 云原生 人工智能 后端 PHP git CSS golang k8s Nginx Django mybatis 深度学习 多线程 React 架构 devops 爬虫 云计算 Spring Boot LeetCode