用于集成测试的 Spring Data JPA Repository 接线不起作用

Question

我正在尝试使用内存数据库（HSQL）为我的 TemplateRepository 编写集成测试。

public interface TemplateRepository extends CrudRepository<TemplateEntity, String> {

    TemplateEntity findByIdAndTemplateName(String id, String templateName);

    void deleteByIdAndTemplateName(String cifId, String templateName);

}

这是目前为止的测试类：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {TestConfig.class})
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration  
@IntegrationTest("server.port:0")
public class TemplatesRepositoryTest {

    @Autowired
    private TemplateRepository templateRepository;

    private EmbeddedDatabase db;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        db = new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder()
            .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL)
            .addScript("sql/create-db.sql")
            .addScript("sql/insert-data.sql")
            .build();
    }

    @Test
    public void test1() {   }
}

哪个在使用这个上下文配置：

@Configuration
public class TestConfig {

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder builder = new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder();
        EmbeddedDatabase db = builder
            .setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL)
            .addScript("sql/create-db.sql")
            .addScript("sql/insert-data.sql")
            .build();
        return db;
    }
}

以及应用类：

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

    @Override
    protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
        return application.sources(Application.class);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

以及声明的依赖：

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.1.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>
   <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
        <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

存储库到测试类的自动装配不起作用。我收到以下错误：

11:25:57.300 [main] ERROR o.s.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@5f3a4b84] to prepare test instance [TemplatesRepositoryTest@4eb7f003]
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'TemplatesRepositoryTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private TemplateRepository TemplatesRepositoryTest.templateRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [TemplateRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

我已经尝试了找到的所有相关主题中的解决方案，但似乎没有一个可以解决问题。有人能指出我在这里缺少什么吗？

我正在使用 SpringBoot 1.3.1.RELEASE 和 SpringDataJpa 1.9.2.RELEASE。

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题，发现当为 CrudRepository、PagingAndSortingRepository 和 JpaRepository 使用自动配置时，不应该 em> 在 DataSource bean 中调用初始化脚本，因为 H2 被 DatabasePopulator bean 覆盖，因为内存数据库的内容。试试下面的配置代码：

import java.sql.SQLException;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabase;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.embedded.EmbeddedDatabaseType;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.DatabasePopulator;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.init.ResourceDatabasePopulator;

@Configuration
public class TestConfig {

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder builder = new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder();
        EmbeddedDatabase db = builder.setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.HSQL).build();
        return db;
    }

    @Bean
    public DatabasePopulator databasePopulator(DataSource dataSource) {
        ResourceDatabasePopulator populator = new ResourceDatabasePopulator();
        populator.setContinueOnError(true);
        populator.setIgnoreFailedDrops(true);
        populator.addScript(new ClassPathResource("sql/create-db.sql"));
        populator.addScript(new ClassPathResource("sql/insert-data.sql"));
        try {
            populator.populate(dataSource.getConnection());
        } catch (SQLException ignored) {
        }
        return populator;
    }
}

在“实体”数据库的情况下，例如 MySQL，可以显式提供 NULL 值：

@Bean
public DatabasePopulator databasePopulator() {
    return null;
}

希望它能解决你的问题