除非您喜欢疼痛，否则请使用Text::CSV 及其亲戚Text::CSV_XS 和Text::CSV_PP。
但是，这可能是这个问题中比较容易的部分。一旦您阅读并验证该行是完整的，您需要将相关信息添加到正确键入的哈希中。您可能还必须非常熟悉引用。
您可以创建一个由分支键入的哈希%BranchData。该散列的每个元素都是对作业键入的散列的引用；并且其中的每个元素都是对由 timePeriod 键入的哈希的引用，并且其中的每个元素都将引用由天数键入的数组（使用索引 1..7；它稍微过度分配空间，但获得的机会正确的要大得多；不过不要惹$[！）。并且数组的每个元素都是对由三种句点类型键入的散列的引用。哎哟！
如果一切正常，原型分配可能是这样的：
$BranchData{$row{branch}}->{$row{job}}->{$row{period}}->[1]->{$row{p_type}} +=
$row{day1};
您将迭代元素 1..7 和 'day1' .. 'day7';需要对设计工作进行一些清理工作。
你必须担心正确初始化东西（或者你可能没有——Perl 会为你做这件事）。我假设该行作为直接哈希（而不是哈希引用）返回，带有分支、作业、期间、期间类型（p_type）和每一天（'day1'，..'day7 ')。
如果您提前知道需要哪一天，则可以避免累积所有天数，但它可能会使更通用的报告更易于阅读并一直累积所有数据，然后简单地让打印处理任何子集需要处理整个数据。
这是一个非常有趣的问题，我将这段代码拼凑在一起。我怀疑它是否是最佳的，但它确实有效。
#!/usr/bin/env perl
#
# SO 8570488
use strict;
use warnings;
use Text::CSV;
use Data::Dumper;
use constant debug => 0;
my $file = "input.csv";
my $csv = Text::CSV->new({ binary => 1, eol => $/ })
or die "Cannot use CSV: ".Text::CSV->error_diag();
my @headings = qw( branch job period p_type day1 day2 day3 day4 day5 day6 day7 );
my @days = qw( day0 day1 day2 day3 day4 day5 day6 day7 );
my %BranchData;
open my $in, '<', $file or die "Unable to open $file for reading ($!)";
$csv->column_names(@headings);
while (my $row = $csv->getline_hr($in))
{
print Dumper($row) if debug;
my %r = %$row; # Not for efficiency; for notational compactness
$BranchData{$r{branch}} = { } if !defined $BranchData{$r{branch}};
my $branch = $BranchData{$r{branch}};
$branch->{$r{job}} = { } if !defined $branch->{$r{job}};
my $job = $branch->{$r{job}};
$job->{$r{period}} = [ ] if !defined $job->{$r{period}};
my $period = $job->{$r{period}};
for my $day (1..7)
{
# Assume that Overtime, Regular and Variance are the only types
# Otherwise, you need yet another level of checking whether elements exist...
$period->[$day] = { Overtime => 0, Regular => 0, Variance => 0} if !defined $period->[$day];
$period->[$day]->{$r{p_type}} += $r{$days[$day]};
}
}
print Dumper(\%BranchData);
根据您的示例数据，输出如下：
$VAR1 = {
'West' => {
'Electrician' => {
'12PM-5PM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => '4.25',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => '-1.25',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => '-1.5',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => '-1.5',
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
},
'South' => {
'Manager' => {
'12A-9AM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '77.75',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '14.75',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 10,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
},
'North' => {
'Janitor' => {
'5PM-12AM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-4.25'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-1.25'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-1.5'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => '-1.5'
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
},
'East' => {
'Banker' => {
'9AM-12PM' => [
undef,
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '4.25',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '1.25',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '1.5',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => '1.5',
'Variance' => 0
},
{
'Regular' => 0,
'Overtime' => 0,
'Variance' => 0
}
]
}
}
};
尽情享受吧！