如何使用正则表达式处理来自 SOAP XML 的数据

Question

我打算编写一个通过 SOAP 获取数据的脚本。我可以得到一个包含大量以下数据的文件，例如：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><soapenv:Body><ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response xmlns:ns0="urn:TEST:AST:Attributes" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDAQWDASDWA</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:32+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Being Assembled</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDQWAWDSADW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSWDSWDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-10T03:30:21+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDWASDWDASDW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:31+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
</ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

您能否建议如何仅提取“AssetLifecycleStatus”之间的状态，例如：已部署。它应该通过这条线的每一部分并将输出提供给新的线。示例：

部署

正在组装

部署

哪种语言是处理此类数据的最佳语言，是 Perl 吗？ 感谢您的信息！

Answer 1

对于解析 XML，没有真正的最佳语言。 Perl 以其正则表达式而闻名，但使用专用解析器解析 XML 效果要好得多。在 perl 中，XML::LibXML 是一种广泛使用的方法。 Perl还有其他的解析器，还有Python、Ruby、JS等。

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use XML::LibXML;

my $doc = XML::LibXML->load_xml(IO => *DATA);
    # can also load with (string => $xml_string) or (location => 'file.xml');
my @nodes = $doc->getElementsByTagName('ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus');

for my $node (@nodes) {
    print $node->textContent."\n";
}


__DATA__
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><soapenv:Body><ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response xmlns:ns0="urn:TEST:AST:Attributes" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDAQWDASDWA</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:32+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Being Assembled</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDQWAWDSADW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSWDSWDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-10T03:30:21+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
    <ns0:getListValues>
        <ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>Deployed</ns0:AssetLifecycleStatus>
        <ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>OI-ASDWASDWDASDW</ns0:ReconciliationIdentity>
        <ns0:instanceId>OI-SDWDSDWDSDWD</ns0:instanceId>
        <ns0:ModifiedDate>2017-12-12T03:31:31+01:00</ns0:ModifiedDate>
        <ns0:ClassId>BMC_COMPUTERSYSTEM</ns0:ClassId>
    </ns0:getListValues>
</ns0:GetList_Operation_0Response></soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope>

Answer 2

如果您已经安装了Mojolicious framework，您可以使用ojo 包编写一个简单的Perl 单行代码。之所以称为ojo，是因为当您在命令行中使用-M 时，它将变为-Mojo。

此程序假定在同一目录中有一个名为 foo.xml 的文件与您的 XML 内容。

$ perl -Mojo -E 'x(f("foo.xml")->slurp)->find("AssetLifecycleStatus")->map(sub{say $_->text})'
Deployed
Being Assembled
Deployed

我会带你完成这个程序。

perl                               # call the Perl interpreter
  -Mojo                            # load module ojo
  -E '                             # run the following program with all features turned on
    x(                             # ojo function to turn string into Mojo::DOM object
      f("foo.xml")                 # ojo function to create a Mojo::File object
        ->slurp                    # read in the whole file and return content
    )
    ->find("AssetLifecycleStatus") # find all instances of string in DOM with CSS selector
    ->map(                         # iterate and run on all instances ...
      sub {                        # ... this function ...
        say $_->text               # ... output text node of element with newline attached
      }
    )
  '

Answer 3

如果您可以使用 XSLT 2.0，请使用此代码。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
    xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    exclude-result-prefixes="xs"
    version="2.0">

    <xsl:template match="/">
        <xsl:for-each select="//*:AssetLifecycleStatus">
            <xsl:text>&#x000A;</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="."/>
        </xsl:for-each>
    </xsl:template>


</xsl:stylesheet>

输出是：

已部署
正在组装
已部署