解析 Excel 数据引发“文件错误”

Question

我在 Perl 脚本中有三个函数来解析 Excel 文件以获取所需的输出 Excel 文件。我得到了正确的输出，但是我得到一个错误

文件错误：数据可能已丢失

可能根本原因是在文件中两次写入同一个 Excel 单元格。

如何在维护脚本中的功能的同时消除此错误？

输入文件

  A             B
Apples       Carrots
Oranges      Broccoli
Grapes       Spinach

想要的输出文件

  A             B
Apples       Carrots
Oranges      Broccoli
PEACHES      ASPARAGUS

Perl 代码

use v5.10.0;
use warnings;

use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel;
use Spreadsheet::ParseExcel::SaveParser;
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;

my $parser     = Spreadsheet::ParseExcel::SaveParser->new();
my $workbook_R = $parser->parse('C:\Perl\databases\Fruits_and_Veggies.xls');

my $workbook_W  = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new('C:\Perl\databases\New_Fruits_and_Veggies.xls');
my $worksheet_W = $workbook_W->add_worksheet();

for our $worksheet_R ( $workbook_R->worksheets() ) {

    my ( $row_min, $row_max ) = $worksheet_R->row_range();
    my ( $col_min, $col_max ) = $worksheet_R->col_range(); 

    for our $row ( $row_min .. $row_max ) {

        for our $col ( $col_min .. $col_max ) {

            FruitStand();

            VeggieStand();

            ComboStand();


            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            # sub FruitStand - parsing: replace Grapes with PEACHES
            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            sub FruitStand {

                # if the cell contains Grapes write 'PEACHES' instead
                my $cell_grapes = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );

                if ( $cell_grapes->value() =~ /Grapes/ ) {
                    $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"PEACHES");
                }
            }


            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            # sub VeggieStand - parsing: repalce Spinach with ASPARAGUS
            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            sub VeggieStand {

                # if the cell contains Spinach write 'ASPARAGUS' instead
                my $cell_veggies = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
                # my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );

                if (/ $cell_veggies->value() =~ /Spinach/ ) {
                    $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"ASPARAGUS");
                }
            }

            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            # Writing all fruits and veggies with the 2 changes (PEACHES and ASPARAGUS)
            #------------------------------------------------------------------------------

            sub ComboStand {

                my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
                $worksheet_W->write($row, $col, $cell->value()) ;
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

正如您所说，错误消息是由于一个单元格被多次写入。您可以通过确保每个单元格只写入一次来消除错误消息。由于您的三个子例程具有非常相似的功能，因此可以将它们组合成一组可以执行所有操作的行，并使用 if / else 级联来决定应采取的操作。

for our $row ( $row_min .. $row_max ) {
  for our $col ( $col_min .. $col_max ) {

    my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
    if($cell->value() =~ /Spinach/) {
      $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"ASPARAGUS");
    }
    elsif($cell->value() =~ /Grapes/) {
      $worksheet_W->write($row, $col,"PEACHES");
    }
    else {
      $worksheet_W->write($row, $col, $cell->value()) ;
    }
  }
}

如果你必须保留这些函数，我建议像这样，你有一个函数可以获取当前单元格并对其应用任何适当的转换，并返回准备好输出的文本。这样可以避免重复读取单元格和写入单元格的子程序：

for our $row ( $row_min .. $row_max ) {
  for our $col ( $col_min .. $col_max ) {
    my $cell = $worksheet_R->get_cell( $row, $col );
    $worksheet_w->write( $row, $col, produce_check($cell->value) );
  }
}

并且执行交换的produce_check 子也将是进行任何文本规范化或您可能想要对输入进行的其他检查的好地方，例如删除多余的空格，将所有输出设置为标题大小写等。

sub produce_check {
  my $prod = shift;
  # maybe we have to make sure there's no trailing whitespace on $prod
  $prod =~ s/\s*$//;
  my %swaps = (
    grapes => 'peaches',
    spinach => 'asparagus',
    tins => 'cans',
    zuchini => 'zucchini'
  );
  # is $prod one of pieces of produce we have to swap?
  # perhaps our input is in a mixture of cases, uppercase, lowercase, titlecase
  # to avoid having to add all those variations to the %swaps hash, we convert
  # to lowercase using `lc`
  if ( $swaps{ lc($prod) } ) {
    $prod = $swaps{ lc($prod) };
  }
  # this line uses `ucfirst($prod)` to convert all output to titlecase.
  # You could also convert everything to lowercase ( `lc($prod)` ), to
  # uppercase ( `uc($prod)` ), or just leave it as-is by using `return $prod;`
  return ucfirst( $prod );
}