如何将图像上传到 Django

Question

我在这上面花了三天多的时间。似乎有些东西保存到了数据库中，但是当我尝试在模板中访问它时，我只能获取数据库的对象。我无法访问它。我相信它没有成功保存，因为我没有看到将保存它的媒体文件夹。这是我目前所拥有的。

# settings.py
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'), )
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/' 
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

# forms.py
from .models import Pic
from django import forms
class ImageForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model= Pic
        fields= ["picture"]

# models.py
class Pic(models.Model):
    picture = models.ImageField(upload_to = 'media/', default = 'media/None/no-img.jpg', null=True, blank= True)

# views.py
def upload(request):
    form = ImageForm
    context = {}
    userBio = Bio.objects.get(userData = User.objects.get(id = request.session['client']['id']))
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # .is_valid checks the models parameters via forms method
        form = ImageForm(request.POST,request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
            print("succesful uploaded image")
            return redirect("/dashboard")
        else:
            print("Not a valid input from form....")
            messages.error(request,"Not a valid input")
    return redirect("/dashboard")

<!-- dashboard.html -->
<form rule="form" class="border border--secondary" method="POST" action="/manageFile" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    {% csrf_token%}
    <input type="file" name = "update">
    <input type = "submit">
</form>
{% if pictures %}
    {% for pic in pictures%}
        <img src="{{pic}}" alt="{{pic}}">
    {% endfor %}
{% endif%}

在模板中，它显示为 Pic 对象(1)。 在终端中，它显示为

查询集Pic：Pic对象(1)

这是我渲染到模板的内容。

def dash(request):
    try:
        _id = request.session['client']['id']
    except:
        return redirect("/loginPg")

    userBio = Bio.objects.get(userData = User.objects.get(id = request.session['client']['id']))
    print("its right here")
    theUploads = Pic.objects.all()
    print("This image object -", theUploads)

    content = {
        "title" : userBio.title,
        "qA" : userBio.quoteA,
        "qB" : userBio.quoteB,
        "desc" : userBio.desc,
        "authorA" : userBio.authorA,
        "authorB" : userBio.authorB,
        "pictures" : theUploads
    }

    return render(request, "GoEnigma/dashboard.html", content)

# urls.py
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings
# urls []
if settings.DEBUG:
     urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

Answer 1

ImageForm后面加括号，如果是Post请求，则在ImageForm中加上request.POST。

def upload:
  form = ImageForm()
  if request.method == 'POST':
    # .is_valid checks the models parameters via forms method
    form = ImageForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        print("succesful uploaded image")
        return redirect("/dashboard")
    else:
        print("Not a valid input from form....")
        messages.error(request,"Not a valid input")
return redirect("/dashboard")

还要检查您是否没有添加用于提供媒体文件的 url 路径 所以在main project 的urls.py 文件中添加以下这些行。

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
  # ..... all regular paths
] 
if setting.DEBUG: # if true
  urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

查看官方文档here

Answer 2

如果将图片保存在数据库中，则错误在于渲染模板。要在模板中呈现图像，您需要获取 {{model_class.model_fields.url}} 所以在您的情况下，类是图片，字段是图片。 在你的模板中试试这个<img src="{{pic.picture.url}}">

Answer 3

这很难发现，因为您自己渲染表单域：

class ImageForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model= Pic
        fields= ["picture"]

    <input type="file" name = "update">

所以文件字段的名称是更新，而不是图片。将其更改为图片，它应该可以工作，尽管使用 django 呈现表单要好得多，因此您不会出现这样的错误，并且对表单的更改会传播到 html。