【问题标题】:Transforming Data from GeoJSON to SQL Geography将数据从 GeoJSON 转换为 SQL 地理
【发布时间】:2017-10-06 23:27:41
【问题描述】:

首先,服务器是 MS SQL Server 2016 开发人员版,我正在将存储在 NvarChar(max) 列中的县形状数据作为 GeoJson 转换为 sql 地理字段,以便更好地存储和空间索引。现在数据存储为 blob,我正在尝试优化存储并创建空间索引以加快位置比较(例如:X 高速公路是否与 Y 县相交)。

有很多关于从 sql 地理数据到 Geo-JSON 的文档,但没有太多关于反向操作的文档。我已经让它大部分工作了,但我突然想到必须有一种更简单的方法来进行这种风格的转换。这是我目前所拥有的:

declare @Silly varchar(max) =  (select CountyJSON from [dbo].[Counties] where name = 'Piute')

declare @GeoString nvarchar(max) = 
(select 
   '''' + upper(ShapeType) + '((' + 
       replace(
           replace(
                   RePlace(
                      replace(Shape, '[', '')
                   , ',', ' ')
               , ']]]', ''),
        ']', ',')
    + '))' + ''''
from  
   openjson(@Silly)
with (ShapeType Varchar(64) '$.type',
      Shape nvarchar(max) '$.coordinates' as json)
)

declare @String nvarchar(max) = ( select 'select geography::STGeomFromText(' + @GeoString + ', 4326) as geodata')

exec (@String)

我必须使用 Replace(多次)将 JSON 数据正确格式化为 SQL 可以使用的格式,这使得查询的那部分变得混乱,但基本上我正在摆脱 [ 和 ]]],添加一个空格在坐标中间而不是逗号,并将 ] 更改为逗号。我将不得不为多元化的县提出更详尽的建议。然后我不得不使用动态 sql 来让 stgeomfromtext 起作用。这似乎是一个非常糟糕的方法,有没有人知道更好的方法?

我只是下载县的地理值,但我被告知要保留现有数据,所以这是一个奇怪的请求,需要大量工作。

这是犹他州皮尤特县的 Geo-json(选择它是因为它小而简单):

{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-111.766741,38.501977],[-111.823854,38.457266],[-111.836911,38.428477],[-111.848871,38.425001],[-111.8428,38.15128],[-111.951449,38.151083],[-111.951349,38.145983],[-112.021169,38.145776],[-112.060929,38.14928],[-112.443821,38.149942],[-112.422573,38.170683],[-112.424117,38.181411],[-112.357074,38.224502],[-112.381019,38.249974],[-112.352591,38.279368],[-112.335369,38.332955],[-112.343404,38.347312],[-112.361492,38.355579],[-112.380363,38.379892],[-112.403869,38.394836],[-112.402939,38.415581],[-112.417117,38.419483],[-112.436247,38.402077],[-112.452491,38.428824],[-112.512674,38.468696],[-112.510259,38.488097],[-112.518504,38.509852],[-112.257811,38.512044],[-112.062533,38.510513],[-112.062501,38.50195],[-111.766741,38.501977]]]}

提前感谢你们能给我的任何帮助。

【问题讨论】:

    标签: sql sql-server json sql-server-2016 geo


    【解决方案1】:

    大概是这样的:

    declare @Silly nvarchar(max) = '{"type":"Polygon","coordinates":[[[-111.766741,38.501977],[-111.823854,38.457266],[-111.836911,38.428477],[-111.848871,38.425001],[-111.8428,38.15128],[-111.951449,38.151083],[-111.951349,38.145983],[-112.021169,38.145776],[-112.060929,38.14928],[-112.443821,38.149942],[-112.422573,38.170683],[-112.424117,38.181411],[-112.357074,38.224502],[-112.381019,38.249974],[-112.352591,38.279368],[-112.335369,38.332955],[-112.343404,38.347312],[-112.361492,38.355579],[-112.380363,38.379892],[-112.403869,38.394836],[-112.402939,38.415581],[-112.417117,38.419483],[-112.436247,38.402077],[-112.452491,38.428824],[-112.512674,38.468696],[-112.510259,38.488097],[-112.518504,38.509852],[-112.257811,38.512044],[-112.062533,38.510513],[-112.062501,38.50195],[-111.766741,38.501977]]]}';
    
    with q as
    (
    
    select 1 ShapeId, ShapeType, 
       stuff( 
          (
            select concat(',  ', json_value(Value,'$[0]'),' ',json_value(Value,'$[1]'))  
            from openjson(s.Shape,'$[0]') 
            order by cast([key] as int)
            for xml path('')
          ),1,3,'') path
    from  
       openjson(@Silly) 
       with (ShapeType Varchar(64) '$.type',
             Shape nvarchar(max) '$.coordinates' as json) s
    ), q2 as
    (
      select ShapeId, concat(upper(ShapeType),'((',path,'))') WKT
      from q
    )
    select ShapeId, geography::STGeomFromText(WKT,4326) as geodata from q2
    

    【讨论】:

    • Slick,我应该想到 X-Path。感谢您的建议。
    • 这适用于多边形,但不适用于 MultiPolygons,许多国家都有 MultiPolygons
    【解决方案2】:

    您是否尝试过从here 窃取的类似以下内容?

    declare @polygon nvarchar(max) =
    N'{ "type": "Polygon",
        "coordinates": [
            [[30, 10], [40, 40], [20, 40], [10, 20], [30, 10]]
        ]
    }'
    
    SELECT x, y
    FROM OPENJSON(@polygon, '$.coordinates[0]')
              WITH (x int '$[0]', y int '$[1]')
    

    编辑:我明白了,这并不是你真正想要的。您是否考虑过将 geoJSON 数据转换为 WKB 并使用以下内容?

    STPolyFromWKB ( 'WKB_polygon' , SRID )  
    

    【讨论】:

    • 谢谢,我确实看到了那篇文章,但问题是从中生成的解析数据仍然需要转换为与 StGeomFromText 兼容的格式。因此,我不必进行一次转换来更改控制字符,而是必须使用光标循环遍历数据以逐点创建兼容的字符串。
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