Django：表单验证：一个字段接受多个值

Question

我希望创建一个表单字段，它为给定字段获取多个值、验证它们并将它们存储为列表。

例如，可以运行以下 curl 命令并发布多个称为“电子邮件”的 POST 参数

curl -X POST -d email=test@example.com -d email=test2@example.com http://url/here/

在我看来，我可以执行以下操作以直接从 POST 数据中获取电子邮件列表。

email = request.POST.getlist('email')

但是，我想利用表单验证来清除 POST 数据中指定的所有电子邮件。

理想情况下，我想运行 form.is_valid() 然后访问表单上的 clean_data['email'] 键将返回有效电子邮件地址列表。

我已经研究过使用 MultipleChoice 字段和类似字段（因为它们接受具有相同名称的多个输入），但这些字段要求您事先定义选项。我也考虑过使用表单集，但是对于我在这种情况下尝试做的事情来说，这些似乎过于复杂。

有谁知道以这种方式运行的任何字段？感谢阅读。

Answer 1

django-multi-email-field 可以这样做：https://github.com/fle/django-multi-email-field

示例表单代码：

from django import forms
from multi_email_field.forms import MultiEmailField

class SendMessageForm(forms.Form):
    emails = MultiEmailField()

示例查看代码：

assert form.is_valid()
print(form.cleaned_data["emails"])

Answer 2

在 2018 年，这个问题仍然没有令人满意的答案，所以我编写了自己的字段，其行为就像 OP 想要的那样。 Check it out here.

解决原来的问题：

forms.py：

import django.forms as forms

from multivaluefield import MultiValueField

class MultiEmailForm(forms.Form):
    emails = MultiValueField(forms.EmailField(), "email")

查看代码：

form = MultiEmailForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid:
    emails = form.cleaned_data["emails"]
    # do something with emails
else:
    errors = form.errors
    # do something with errors

Answer 3

我正在寻找类似的东西，我发现了这个：http://djangosnippets.org/snippets/497/

from django import newforms as forms

class SeparatedValuesField(forms.Field):
    """
    A Django newforms field which takes another newforms field during
    initialization and validates every item in a separated list with
    this field class. Please use it like this::

        from django.newforms import EmailField
        emails = SeparatedValuesField(EmailField)

    You would be able to enter a string like 'john@doe.com,guido@python.org'
    because every email address would be validated when clean() is executed.
    This of course also applies to any other Field class.

    You can define the sepator (default: ',') during initialization with the
    ``separator`` parameter like this::

        from django.newforms import EmailField
        emails = SeparatedValuesField(EmailField, separator='###')

    If validation succeeds it returns the original data, though the already
    splitted value list can be accessed with the get_list() method.

    >>> f = SeparatedValuesField(forms.EmailField)
    >>> f.clean('foo@bar.com,bar@foo.com')
    'foo@bar.com,bar@foo.com'
    >>> f.get_list()
    ['foo@bar.com', 'bar@foo.com']
    >>> f.clean('foobar,foo@bar.com,bar@foo.com')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
        ...
    ValidationError: <unprintable ValidationError object>
    >>> u = SeparatedValuesField(forms.URLField)
    >>> u.clean('http://foo.bar.com,http://foobar.com')
    'http://foo.bar.com,http://foobar.com'
    >>> u.clean('http:foo.bar.com')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
        ...
    ValidationError: <unprintable ValidationError object>
    >>> f = SeparatedValuesField(forms.EmailField, separator='###')
    >>> f.clean('foo@bar.com###bar@foo.com')
    'foo@bar.com###bar@foo.com'
    >>> f.clean('foobar###foo@bar.com###bar@foo.com')
    Traceback (most recent call last):
        ...
    ValidationError: <unprintable ValidationError object>

    """
    def __init__(self, base_field=None, separator=',', *args, **kwargs):
        super(SeparatedValuesField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.base_field = base_field
        self.separator = separator

    def clean(self, data):
        if not data:
            raise forms.ValidationError('Enter at least one value.')
        self.value_list = data.split(self.separator)
        if self.base_field is not None:
            base_field = self.base_field()
            for value in self.value_list:
                base_field.clean(value)
        return data

    def get_list(self):
        return self.value_list

def _test():
    import doctest
    doctest.testmod()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    _test()

但这并不完全令人满意：例如，对于电子邮件列表，如果只有一封电子邮件无效，则整个字段都无效。

可能会重写 clean 方法，使其仅返回有效的“base_fields”，而不是完全抛出 ValidationError。