使用 Heroku 拒绝关系 django_migrations 的权限答案

【问题标题】：Permission denied for relation django_migrations using Heroku使用 Heroku 拒绝关系 django_migrations 的权限
【发布时间】：2018-03-22 14:20:35
【问题描述】：

尝试在 Heroku 上使用 django 迁移数据库更改时，我得到：

psycopg2.ProgrammingError: permission denied for relation django_migrations

其他人已经能够通过授予适当的权限来解决此问题（例如，Permission denied for relation）。很遗憾，我无法在 Heroku 爱好层授予权限或创建新用户。

我能够回滚一些迁移，但最终我得到了：

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: table "labs_branch_tests" does not exist

并且无法迁移回较新的迁移。

关系 django_migrations 的权限被拒绝的完整追溯

  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 364, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 356, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 204, in handle
    fake_initial=fake_initial,
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 115, in migrate
    state = self._migrate_all_forwards(state, plan, full_plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 145, in _migrate_all_forwards
    state = self.apply_migration(state, migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 250, in apply_migration
    self.recorder.record_applied(migration.app_label, migration.name)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 73, in record_applied
    self.migration_qs.create(app=app, name=name)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 394, in create
    obj.save(force_insert=True, using=self.db)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 807, in save
    force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 837, in save_base
    updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 923, in _save_table
    result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 962, in _do_insert
    using=using, raw=raw)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
    return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1076, in _insert
    return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1107, in execute_sql
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: permission denied for relation django_migrations

psycopg2.ProgrammingError 的完整回溯：表“labs_branch_tests”不存在

  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 364, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 356, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 330, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 204, in handle
    fake_initial=fake_initial,
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 119, in migrate
    state = self._migrate_all_backwards(plan, full_plan, fake=fake)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 194, in _migrate_all_backwards
    self.unapply_migration(states[migration], migration, fake=fake)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 264, in unapply_migration
    state = migration.unapply(state, schema_editor)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 178, in unapply
    operation.database_backwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, from_state, to_state)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/fields.py", line 95, in database_backwards
    schema_editor.remove_field(from_model, from_model._meta.get_field(self.name))
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 457, in remove_field
    return self.delete_model(field.remote_field.through)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 324, in delete_model
    "table": self.quote_name(model._meta.db_table),
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 120, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: table "labs_branch_tests" does not exist

【问题讨论】：

标签： django postgresql heroku

【解决方案1】：

我可以通过在 postgres 终端中向用户授予权限来解决这个问题。

首先通过 Heroku CLI (heroku pg:psql) 连接到 postgres。

这很笨拙，但是通过在 postgres 终端中调用 \c 来获取您的 Heroku postgres 用户名。（输出的最后一行将是You are now connected to database DATABASE_NAME as user USERNAME。）

然后像其他人展示的那样授予权限：

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public to USERNAME;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA public to USERNAME;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL FUNCTIONS IN SCHEMA public to USERNAME;

【讨论】：

这拯救了我的一天！ ;) 无论如何，我对解决问题的最初测试没有什么不同 (GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE mydb TO myuser;) 这不是在幕后做的完全一样吗？！但是.. 非常感谢。

【解决方案2】：

在我的情况下，这是因为我的免费数据库达到了它的行数限制并且写访问被撤销了：

$ heroku pg:info
=== DATABASE_URL
Plan:                  Hobby-dev
Status:                Available
Connections:           0/20
PG Version:            10.4
[..]
Rows:                  11683/10000 (Write access revoked)
[..]

【讨论】：

谢谢！我完全忘记了我有这个:) 错误不是很明确。
感谢一年前的 Aur！这确实是我的问题！

【解决方案3】：

对我来说，是的，您可以说写访问权限已被撤销

$ heroku pg:info
...
Rows:                  11683/10000 (Write access revoked)

但我不想转储整个数据库。相反，我用

标识最大的表

$ heroku pg:psql
>  select
  table_name
  , pg_relation_size(quote_ident(table_name)) as "raw_size"
  , pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(quote_ident(table_name)) as "size"
from information_schema.tables                                                                                                                                                                                                              
where table_schema = 'public'                                                                                                                                                                                                               
order by "raw_size" desc;

然后我用

清除最大的表

> delete from <table name>;

【讨论】：