如何在 Windows 10 上构建 winium Driver 服务？答案

【问题标题】：How to build a winium Driver service on Windows 10?如何在 Windows 10 上构建 winium Driver 服务？
【发布时间】：2018-06-18 07:15:07
【问题描述】：

我正在使用以下类代码通过 WiniumDriver 启动计算器。在创建 WiniumDriver 实例之前，我正在启动一个 winium 驱动程序服务。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.DesktopOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriverService;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class CalculatorTest {

    static WiniumDriver driver = null;
    static WiniumDriverService service = null;
    static DesktopOptions options = null;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setupEnvironment(){
        options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
        options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
        File driverPath = new File("C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true)
                .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
        try {
            service.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @BeforeTest
    public void startDriver(){
        driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void stopDriver(){
        driver.close();
    }

    @AfterClass
    public void tearDown(){
        service.stop();
    }

将测试类作为 TestNG 项目运行后，观察到以下异常。

FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeTest startDriver
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriverCommandExecutor.<init>(WiniumDriverCommandExecutor.java:59)
    at org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriver.<init>(WiniumDriver.java:75)
    at com.bravura.automation.CalculatorTest.startDriver(CalculatorTest.java:41)

我仔细检查了 calc.exe 和 Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe 的路径，仍然无法启动 WiniumDriverService。还有其他方法可以启动此服务吗？ winium 支持 windows 10 吗？

【问题讨论】：

标签： windows selenium automation ui-automation desktop

【解决方案1】：

这里的问题是，'startDriver' 在setupEnvironment 方法之前执行，变量service 和options 没有初始化。因此它抛出空指针异常。

因为testNG中的执行顺序如下所示。

@BeforeSuite
@BeforeTest
@BeforeClass
@BeforeMethod
@Test
@AfterMethod
@AfterClass
@AfterTest
@AfterSuite

有三种解决方案。

更改以下方法的注释，如下所示。这样，启动驱动程序将在设置环境方法之后运行。

 @BeforeMethod
 public void startDriver(){
    driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
 }

@AfterMethod
public void stopDriver(){
   driver.close();
}

如下所示更改注释。

@BeforeTest
public static void setupEnvironment(){
    options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
    options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
    File driverPath = new File("C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
    System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
    service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true)
            .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
    try {
        service.start();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

@BeforeClass
public void startDriver(){
    driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
}

@AfterClass
public void stopDriver(){
    driver.close();
}

@AfterTest
public void tearDown(){
    service.stop();
}

如下所示更改注释。我相信，这将是最佳解决方案。

@BeforeTest
public static void setupEnvironment(){
    options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
    options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
    File driverPath = new File("C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
    System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
    service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true)
            .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
    try {
        service.start();
    } catch (IOException e) {
        System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

@BeforeMethod
public void startDriver(){
    driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
}

@AfterMethod
public void stopDriver(){
    driver.close();
}

@AfterTest
public void tearDown(){
    service.stop();
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

这是正确的使用方法

public class SimpleTest
{
    DesktopOptions options;
    WiniumDriverService service;
    WiniumDriver driver;

    @BeforeTest
    public void bt()
    {
        //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
        options = new DesktopOptions();
        
        // Path of application you want to run and test
        options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
        
        //Path for Winium Desktop Driver
        File driverPath = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"drivers"+File.separator+"Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        
        //Port is 9999, you can change it
        service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true).withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
        
        try
        {
             service.start();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void at()
    {
        service.stop();
    }
}

如果需要其他配置可以参考this link。但是，我不建议您将 Winium 用于 Windows 自动化，即使对于基本的 Calculator 程序它也无法正常工作，Winium 的最后一个版本是在 2016 年，我认为它现在没有定期维护。取而代之的是使用 WinAppDriver，它是一个更好的工具并且有很好的文档。首先参考this link

【讨论】：