drupal：从字符串创建 slug 的标准方法

Question

此上下文中的 slug 是一个字符串，它可以安全地用作标识符，在 url 或 css 上。例如，如果你有这个字符串：

I'd like to eat at McRunchies!

它的蛞蝓是：

i-d-like-to-eat-at-mcrunchies

我想知道是否有在 Drupal（或 drupal 提供的 php 函数）上构建此类字符串的标准方法。更准确地说，在 Drupal 主题中。

上下文：我正在修改一个drupal 主题，因此它生成的节点的html 将它们的分类术语作为css 类包含在其包含的div 上。麻烦的是，其中一些术语的名称不是有效的 css 类名称。我需要“扼杀”他们。

我读到有些人只是这样做：

str_replace(" ", "-", $term->name)

这对我来说还不够。它不会用小写字母替换大写字母，但更重要的是，不会用它们的 ascii 等效字符替换非 ascii 字符（如 à 或 é）。它也不会从开头和结尾删除“分隔符字符串”。

drupal 6（或 php 库）中是否有一个函数提供了一种对字符串进行 slugify 的方法，并且可以在 drupal 主题的 template.php 文件中使用？

Answer 1

您可以使用内置的 Drupal 函数来执行此操作。

$string = drupal_clean_css_identifier($string);
$slug = drupal_html_class($string);

函数会为您解决问题。

Answer 2

我是一个快乐的 Zen 主题用户，因此我遇到了它附带的这个奇妙的功能：zen_id_safe http://api.lullabot.com/zen_id_safe

它不依赖于任何其他主题功能，因此您可以将其复制到您的模块或主题中并使用它。这是一个非常小而简单的功能，所以为了方便起见，我将它粘贴在这里。

function zen_id_safe($string) {
  // Replace with dashes anything that isn't A-Z, numbers, dashes, or underscores.
  return strtolower(preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9-]+/', '-', $string));
}

Answer 3

我最终使用了slug函数explained here（在文章末尾，您必须单击才能看到源代码）。

这可以满足我的需要以及更多功能，而无需包含外部模块等。

粘贴下面的代码以方便日后参考：

/**
 * Calculate a slug with a maximum length for a string.
 *
 * @param $string
 *   The string you want to calculate a slug for.
 * @param $length
 *   The maximum length the slug can have.
 * @return
 *   A string representing the slug
 */
function slug($string, $length = -1, $separator = '-') {
  // transliterate
  $string = transliterate($string);
 
  // lowercase
  $string = strtolower($string);
 
  // replace non alphanumeric and non underscore charachters by separator
  $string = preg_replace('/[^a-z0-9]/i', $separator, $string);
 
  // replace multiple occurences of separator by one instance
  $string = preg_replace('/'. preg_quote($separator) .'['. preg_quote($separator) .']*/', $separator, $string);
 
  // cut off to maximum length
  if ($length > -1 && strlen($string) > $length) {
    $string = substr($string, 0, $length);
  }
 
  // remove separator from start and end of string
  $string = preg_replace('/'. preg_quote($separator) .'$/', '', $string);
  $string = preg_replace('/^'. preg_quote($separator) .'/', '', $string);
 
  return $string;
}
 
/**
 * Transliterate a given string.
 *
 * @param $string
 *   The string you want to transliterate.
 * @return
 *   A string representing the transliterated version of the input string.
 */
function transliterate($string) {
  static $charmap;
  if (!$charmap) {
    $charmap = array(
      // Decompositions for Latin-1 Supplement
      chr(195) . chr(128) => 'A', chr(195) . chr(129) => 'A',
      chr(195) . chr(130) => 'A', chr(195) . chr(131) => 'A',
      chr(195) . chr(132) => 'A', chr(195) . chr(133) => 'A',
      chr(195) . chr(135) => 'C', chr(195) . chr(136) => 'E',
      chr(195) . chr(137) => 'E', chr(195) . chr(138) => 'E',
      chr(195) . chr(139) => 'E', chr(195) . chr(140) => 'I',
      chr(195) . chr(141) => 'I', chr(195) . chr(142) => 'I',
      chr(195) . chr(143) => 'I', chr(195) . chr(145) => 'N',
      chr(195) . chr(146) => 'O', chr(195) . chr(147) => 'O',
      chr(195) . chr(148) => 'O', chr(195) . chr(149) => 'O',
      chr(195) . chr(150) => 'O', chr(195) . chr(153) => 'U',
      chr(195) . chr(154) => 'U', chr(195) . chr(155) => 'U',
      chr(195) . chr(156) => 'U', chr(195) . chr(157) => 'Y',
      chr(195) . chr(159) => 's', chr(195) . chr(160) => 'a',
      chr(195) . chr(161) => 'a', chr(195) . chr(162) => 'a',
      chr(195) . chr(163) => 'a', chr(195) . chr(164) => 'a',
      chr(195) . chr(165) => 'a', chr(195) . chr(167) => 'c',
      chr(195) . chr(168) => 'e', chr(195) . chr(169) => 'e',
      chr(195) . chr(170) => 'e', chr(195) . chr(171) => 'e',
      chr(195) . chr(172) => 'i', chr(195) . chr(173) => 'i',
      chr(195) . chr(174) => 'i', chr(195) . chr(175) => 'i',
      chr(195) . chr(177) => 'n', chr(195) . chr(178) => 'o',
      chr(195) . chr(179) => 'o', chr(195) . chr(180) => 'o',
      chr(195) . chr(181) => 'o', chr(195) . chr(182) => 'o',
      chr(195) . chr(182) => 'o', chr(195) . chr(185) => 'u',
      chr(195) . chr(186) => 'u', chr(195) . chr(187) => 'u',
      chr(195) . chr(188) => 'u', chr(195) . chr(189) => 'y',
      chr(195) . chr(191) => 'y',
      // Decompositions for Latin Extended-A
      chr(196) . chr(128) => 'A', chr(196) . chr(129) => 'a',
      chr(196) . chr(130) => 'A', chr(196) . chr(131) => 'a',
      chr(196) . chr(132) => 'A', chr(196) . chr(133) => 'a',
      chr(196) . chr(134) => 'C', chr(196) . chr(135) => 'c',
      chr(196) . chr(136) => 'C', chr(196) . chr(137) => 'c',
      chr(196) . chr(138) => 'C', chr(196) . chr(139) => 'c',
      chr(196) . chr(140) => 'C', chr(196) . chr(141) => 'c',
      chr(196) . chr(142) => 'D', chr(196) . chr(143) => 'd',
      chr(196) . chr(144) => 'D', chr(196) . chr(145) => 'd',
      chr(196) . chr(146) => 'E', chr(196) . chr(147) => 'e',
      chr(196) . chr(148) => 'E', chr(196) . chr(149) => 'e',
      chr(196) . chr(150) => 'E', chr(196) . chr(151) => 'e',
      chr(196) . chr(152) => 'E', chr(196) . chr(153) => 'e',
      chr(196) . chr(154) => 'E', chr(196) . chr(155) => 'e',
      chr(196) . chr(156) => 'G', chr(196) . chr(157) => 'g',
      chr(196) . chr(158) => 'G', chr(196) . chr(159) => 'g',
      chr(196) . chr(160) => 'G', chr(196) . chr(161) => 'g',
      chr(196) . chr(162) => 'G', chr(196) . chr(163) => 'g',
      chr(196) . chr(164) => 'H', chr(196) . chr(165) => 'h',
      chr(196) . chr(166) => 'H', chr(196) . chr(167) => 'h',
      chr(196) . chr(168) => 'I', chr(196) . chr(169) => 'i',
      chr(196) . chr(170) => 'I', chr(196) . chr(171) => 'i',
      chr(196) . chr(172) => 'I', chr(196) . chr(173) => 'i',
      chr(196) . chr(174) => 'I', chr(196) . chr(175) => 'i',
      chr(196) . chr(176) => 'I', chr(196) . chr(177) => 'i',
      chr(196) . chr(178) => 'IJ', chr(196) . chr(179) => 'ij',
      chr(196) . chr(180) => 'J', chr(196) . chr(181) => 'j',
      chr(196) . chr(182) => 'K', chr(196) . chr(183) => 'k',
      chr(196) . chr(184) => 'k', chr(196) . chr(185) => 'L',
      chr(196) . chr(186) => 'l', chr(196) . chr(187) => 'L',
      chr(196) . chr(188) => 'l', chr(196) . chr(189) => 'L',
      chr(196) . chr(190) => 'l', chr(196) . chr(191) => 'L',
      chr(197) . chr(128) => 'l', chr(197) . chr(129) => 'L',
      chr(197) . chr(130) => 'l', chr(197) . chr(131) => 'N',
      chr(197) . chr(132) => 'n', chr(197) . chr(133) => 'N',
      chr(197) . chr(134) => 'n', chr(197) . chr(135) => 'N',
      chr(197) . chr(136) => 'n', chr(197) . chr(137) => 'N',
      chr(197) . chr(138) => 'n', chr(197) . chr(139) => 'N',
      chr(197) . chr(140) => 'O', chr(197) . chr(141) => 'o',
      chr(197) . chr(142) => 'O', chr(197) . chr(143) => 'o',
      chr(197) . chr(144) => 'O', chr(197) . chr(145) => 'o',
      chr(197) . chr(146) => 'OE', chr(197) . chr(147) => 'oe',
      chr(197) . chr(148) => 'R', chr(197) . chr(149) => 'r',
      chr(197) . chr(150) => 'R', chr(197) . chr(151) => 'r',
      chr(197) . chr(152) => 'R', chr(197) . chr(153) => 'r',
      chr(197) . chr(154) => 'S', chr(197) . chr(155) => 's',
      chr(197) . chr(156) => 'S', chr(197) . chr(157) => 's',
      chr(197) . chr(158) => 'S', chr(197) . chr(159) => 's',
      chr(197) . chr(160) => 'S', chr(197) . chr(161) => 's',
      chr(197) . chr(162) => 'T', chr(197) . chr(163) => 't',
      chr(197) . chr(164) => 'T', chr(197) . chr(165) => 't',
      chr(197) . chr(166) => 'T', chr(197) . chr(167) => 't',
      chr(197) . chr(168) => 'U', chr(197) . chr(169) => 'u',
      chr(197) . chr(170) => 'U', chr(197) . chr(171) => 'u',
      chr(197) . chr(172) => 'U', chr(197) . chr(173) => 'u',
      chr(197) . chr(174) => 'U', chr(197) . chr(175) => 'u',
      chr(197) . chr(176) => 'U', chr(197) . chr(177) => 'u',
      chr(197) . chr(178) => 'U', chr(197) . chr(179) => 'u',
      chr(197) . chr(180) => 'W', chr(197) . chr(181) => 'w',
      chr(197) . chr(182) => 'Y', chr(197) . chr(183) => 'y',
      chr(197) . chr(184) => 'Y', chr(197) . chr(185) => 'Z',
      chr(197) . chr(186) => 'z', chr(197) . chr(187) => 'Z',
      chr(197) . chr(188) => 'z', chr(197) . chr(189) => 'Z',
      chr(197) . chr(190) => 'z', chr(197) . chr(191) => 's',
      // Euro Sign
      chr(226) . chr(130) . chr(172) => 'E'
    );
  }
 
  // transliterate
  return strtr($string, $charmap);
}
 
function is_slug($str) {
  return $str == slug($str);
}

Answer 4

还有一个来自 d7 的内容，您可以将其复制到您的项目中：

http://api.drupal.org/api/function/drupal_clean_css_identifier/7

Answer 5

这可能会有所帮助，我发现我现在一直在做这件事，而不是在我的表中使用 id 号作为唯一键。

    /** class SlugMaker
    * 
    * methods to create text slugs for urls
    *
    **/

class SlugMaker {

    /** method slugify
    * 
    * cleans up a string such as a page title
    * so it becomes a readable valid url
    *
    * @param STR a string
    * @return STR a url friendly slug
    **/

    function slugifyAlnum( $str ){

    $str = preg_replace('#[^0-9a-z ]#i', '', $str );    // allow letters, numbers + spaces only
    $str = preg_replace('#( ){2,}#', ' ', $str );       // rm adjacent spaces
    $str = trim( $str ) ;

    return strtolower( str_replace( ' ', '-', $str ) ); // slugify


    }


    function slugifyAlnumAppendMonth( $str ){

    $val = $this->slugifyAlnum( $str );

    return $val . '-' . strtolower( date( "M" ) ) . '-' . date( "Y" ) ;

    }

}

使用此规则和 .htaccess 规则意味着您可以直接从以下网址访问：

/articles/my-pops-nuts-may-2010

直接查找表格，无需取消映射 ID（自然地应用合适的过滤器）。

选择性地附加或预先添加某种日期，以便根据需要强制执行一定程度的唯一性。

HTH

Answer 6

对于 Drupal 8/9，您可以使用 Html::getClass

$slugify = Html::getClass('A @ Stríng-that n+eeds cónvert');

在需要时不要忘记在模块中包含命名空间

use Drupal\Component\Utility\Html;

Answer 7

我会推荐 path_auto 使用的transliteration module。有了它，您可以使用transliteration_get() 功能。它还进行 unicode 转换。

Answer 8

经过大量试验和错误后，这对我有用，包括将带有特殊字符的法语和德语标题转换为 slug。

我创建了一个自定义的树枝过滤器，所以我可以像这样使用它：

{{ node.field_title.value|slug }}

它会转换：

Wärmeabgabe & Abmessungen
Typenübersicht
Montage- und Anschlussmaße

进入：

warmeabgabe--abmessungen
typenubersicht
montage--und-anschlussmasse

例如。

方法： 在自定义模块中，创建 services.yml 文件：modules/custom/mymodule/mymodule.services.yml

services:
 mymodule.twig_extensions:
    class: Drupal\mymodule\HelperTwigExtensions
    tags:
      - { name: twig.extension }

创建modules/custom/mymodule/src/HelperTwigExtensions.php 文件：

<?php

namespace Drupal\mymodule;

use Drupal\Component\Utility\Html;

/**
 * Extend Drupal's Twig_Extension class.
 */
class HelperTwigExtensions extends \Twig_Extension {

  /**
   * {@inheritdoc}
   */
  public function getName() {
    return 'mymodule.twig_extensions';
  }

  /**
   * {@inheritdoc}
   */
  public function getFilters() {
    return [
      new \Twig_SimpleFilter('slug', [$this, 'createSlug']),
    ];
  }

  /**
   * Create a slug from a string input.
   */
  public function createSlug($input) {
    // Convert most of the special characters.
    $slug = Html::getClass($input);
    $slug = strtolower($slug);
    // Convert accented text characters.
    $unwanted_array = [
      'Þ' => 'b',
      'ß' => 'ss',
      'à' => 'a',
      'á' => 'a',
      'â' => 'a',
      'ã' => 'a',
      'ä' => 'a',
      'å' => 'a',
      'æ' => 'a',
      'ç' => 'c',
      'è' => 'e',
      'é' => 'e',
      'ê' => 'e',
      'ë' => 'e',
      'ì' => 'i',
      'í' => 'i',
      'î' => 'i',
      'ï' => 'i',
      'ð' => 'o',
      'ñ' => 'n',
      'ò' => 'o',
      'ó' => 'o',
      'ô' => 'o',
      'õ' => 'o',
      'ö' => 'o',
      'ø' => 'o',
      'ù' => 'u',
      'ú' => 'u',
      'û' => 'u',
      'ü' => 'u',
      'ý' => 'y',
      'þ' => 'b',
      'ÿ' => 'y',
    ];
    $slug = strtr($slug, $unwanted_array);
    return $slug;
  }

}

Answer 9

您可以使用 preg_replace 和 strtolower ：

preg_replace('/[^a-z]/','-', strtolower($term->name));