使用 maven-shade-plugin 时无法在测试中加载 ApplicationContext答案

【问题标题】：Failed to load ApplicationContext in tests when maven-shade-plugin is used使用 maven-shade-plugin 时无法在测试中加载 ApplicationContext
【发布时间】：2021-01-23 16:37:05
【问题描述】：

我有这个测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:some-context-test.xml")
@DirtiesContext
public class SomeClassIT {
  ...
  @Test
  public void someTestMethod() {
    ...
  }
  ...
}

从 IntelliJ IDEA 触发时运行没有问题，但因错误而失败

[ERROR] someTestMethod(x.y.z.SomeClassIT)  Time elapsed: 0.001 s  <<< ERROR!
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name
 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [META-INF/db.xml]: Invocation of init method
 failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.AssertionFailure: AttributeConverter class [class x.y.z.SomeConverter]
 registered multiple times
Caused by: org.hibernate.AssertionFailure: AttributeConverter class [class x.y.z.SomeConverter] registered
 multiple times

当通过 maven 执行时

mvn verify -DskipITs=false

但是，如果我从 pom.xml 中删除 maven-shade-plugin 配置（项目正在使用它），那么即使通过 maven，测试也会成功执行。

【问题讨论】：

标签： java spring maven integration-testing maven-shade-plugin

【解决方案1】：

在此问答中找到了解决方案：https://stackoverflow.com/a/56589859/2806801。 maven-failsafe-plugin的参数classpathDependencyScopeExclude：

<project>
  [...]
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>[...]</version>
        <configuration>
          <classpathDependencyScopeExclude>runtime</classpathDependencyScopeExclude>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  [...]
</project>

详情

由于 maven-shade-plugin，META-INF/db.xml（由 some-context-test.xml 导入）被加载了两次：

jar:file:/C:/Users/.../project/module1/target/module1-v.1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar!/META-INF/db.xml
jar:file:/C:/Users/.../.m2/repository/.../project/module2/1.0.0/module2-1.0.0.jar!/META-INF/db.xml

在我将参数 classpathDependencyScopeExclude 设置为 runtime 后，META-INF/db.xml 仅从以下位置加载

jar:file:/C:/Users/.../project/module1/target/module1-v.1.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar!/META-INF/db.xml

【讨论】：