加载 spring xml 抛出 SAXParseException答案

【问题标题】：Loading spring xml throws SAXParseException加载 spring xml 抛出 SAXParseException
【发布时间】：2014-07-31 18:39:08
【问题描述】：

我在eclipse中写了一个使用spring和hibernate的应用程序。该应用程序在 Eclipse 中运行时运行良好。我使用 maven 将该项目打包成一个可执行的 jar 文件，并且在运行 jar 时遇到了 SAXParseException

这里是例外

org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 17; columnNumber: 69; schema_reference.4:     Failed to read schema document 'http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd', because 1) could not find the document; 2) the document could not be read; 3) the root element of the doc
t <xsd:schema>.
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.warning(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.traversers.XSDHandler.reportSchemaErr(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.traversers.XSDHandler.reportSchemaWarning(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.traversers.XSDHandler.getSchemaDocument1(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.traversers.XSDHandler.getSchemaDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.traversers.XSDHandler.parseSchema(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaLoader.loadSchema(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.findSchemaGrammar(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.DOMParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(Unknown Source)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:76)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadDocument(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:428)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:390)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:335)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:303)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:180)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:216)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:187)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:251)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:127)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractXmlApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:129)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:540)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:454)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
    at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83)
    at com.lilly.moveit.awetosdd.AweToSddMover.main(Test.java:49)

这是我的 spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.test.db" />

 <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="location">
        <value>classpath:database.properties</value>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>


<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>


     <property name="packagesToScan">
        <list>
            <value>com.test.db.dao</value>
            <value>com.test.db.dao.impl</value>
            <value>com.test.db.entity</value>
        </list>
    </property>

    <property name="hibernateProperties">
        <props>
            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.ProgressDialect</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.generate_statistics">true</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">${hibernate.current_session_context_class}</prop>
            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
        </props>

    </property>
</bean>


<bean id="jobDetailsDAO" class="com.test.db.dao.impl.JobDetailsDAOImpl">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>

<bean id="jobDetailsService" class="com.test.service.impl.JobDetailsServiceImpl">
    <property name="jobDetailsDAO" ref="jobDetailsDAO"/>
</bean>


 <bean id="fileDetailsDAO" class="com.test.db.dao.impl.FileDetailsDAOImpl">
    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
</bean>


<bean id="fileDetailsService" class="com.test.service.impl.FileDetailsServiceImpl">
    <property name="fileDetailsDAO" ref="fileDetailsDAO" />
</bean>

</beans>

我用来加载弹簧容器的代码是

ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");

项目结构如下

Project
-----------src/main/java
-----------src/main/resources
-----------pom.xml

文件spring.xml在src/main.resources中

我的 pom.xml 看起来像

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.lilly.moveit.awetosdd</groupId>
  <artifactId>testmove</artifactId>
  <packaging>jar</packaging>
  <version>1.0</version>
  <name>testmove</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<properties>
    <spring.version>4.0.3.RELEASE</spring.version>  
    <jdk.version>1.7</jdk.version>
    <hibernate.version>4.2.0.Final</hibernate.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.abc.def</groupId>
        <artifactId>customjar</artifactId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>       

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency>

     <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-remoting</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>  
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
        <version>${spring.version}</version>  
    </dependency> 

    <dependency>
        <groupId>xalan</groupId>
        <artifactId>xalan</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
        <version>3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        <version>1.9</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.1</version>
            <configuration>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>${jdk.version}</source>
                <target>${jdk.version}</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                <manifest>
                          <mainClass>com.abc.test.Test</mainClass>
                </manifest>
                </archive>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>


        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>shade</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

</project>

【问题讨论】：

认真考虑将命名空间架构位置更新为新版本。
"Failed to read schema document 'http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd'" 的哪一部分没有意义？可以从这里读取，但您可能遇到本地网络问题。
@SotiriosDelimanolis Ii 确实将 spring-beans 更改为最新版本，但我仍然遇到同样的问题
@JimGarrison 这似乎是网络问题，但我能够访问互联网。我是否需要对 spring 的设置进行任何更改。我不确定如何检测它是否真的是网络问题。因为它在 Eclipse 中运行良好。这仅在我运行 jar 时发生
在浏览器中输入 URL，看看会发生什么。您应该会看到 XSD 文件。

标签： java spring

【解决方案1】：

问题似乎出在阴影插件中。在不同的 spring jar 中定义的命名空间处理程序和模式正在被覆盖。将以下内容添加到 shade 插件配置的 transformers 部分，看看效果如何。

<transformer
    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
    <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
</transformer>
<transformer
    implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
    <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
</transformer>

此外，请考虑使用无版本架构定义，这样您就可以不知道版本号的变化 - 所有 XSD 文件首先在类路径中进行验证，只有在没有找到时才进入网络。

【讨论】：

问题出在阴影插件上。但是，添加上述变压器部分不起作用。我使用了 one-Jar 插件，我所做的是使用 one-Jar 生成 jar，以便它包含所有依赖项并将 spring.xml 放在与 jar 相同的文件夹中，并从 jar 中引用这个 spring.xml。感谢您为我指明正确的方向

【解决方案2】：

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
    <version>${spring.version}</version>  
</dependency>

 <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-remoting</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.8</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>  
    <version>${spring.version}</version>  
</dependency>

这些依赖很麻烦。您将 Spring 4.0.3 与 Spring 2.0.8 jar 混合在一起，永远不要混合不同版本的框架（无论是 spring、hibernate、jsf 等），因为这会等待发生。

在您的情况下，这会导致从 2.0.8 版本的 spring 中引入 spring-core、spring-beans 等，其中不包括 2.5 xsd 文件。

只需删除 spring-remoting 依赖项（注意您也可以删除 spring-web，因为 spring-webmvc 依赖于 spring-web。

<dependency>  
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>  
    <version>${spring.version}</version>  
</dependency>

另一个注意事项建议在使用 xml 配置时使用无版本的 xsd 文件，这将确保您始终拥有属于您的 spring 版本的最新版本。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

编辑：添加了 Maven 更新

刚刚注意到您正在使用 shade 插件来制作可执行的 jar。在制作可执行 jar 时，某些文件（spring.handlers 和 spring.schemas 会被覆盖。只提供 1 个架构。您必须告诉 shade 插件合并这些文件而不是覆盖它们。

您需要配置阴影插件，您必须将类似的内容添加到您的阴影插件配置中

<configuration>
            <transformers>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                    <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                </transformer>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                    <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                </transformer>
            </transformers>
        </configuration>

另请参阅 How to create spring-based executable jar with maven? 和 maven-shade-plugin documentation

【讨论】：