错误分区 MySql 5.5答案

【问题标题】：Error a Partition MySql 5.5错误分区 MySql 5.5
【发布时间】：2017-11-18 03:10:11
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试创建下面的分区方案，但是它显示错误。

MySQL 数据库错误：您的 SQL 语法有错误；查看与您的 MySQL 服务器版本相对应的手册，了解在 '(my_date), month(my_date))( 附近使用的正确语法分区 p0 值小于 (2010, 1), 第 2 行的分区 p1'

这是最好的方法吗？我的桌子是 10k

 ALTER TABLE my_table
PARTITION by LIST COLUMNS (year(my_date), month(my_date))(
    PARTITION p0   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 1),
PARTITION p1   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 2),
PARTITION p2   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 3),
PARTITION p3   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 4),
PARTITION p4   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 5),
PARTITION p5   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 6),
PARTITION p6   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 7),
PARTITION p7   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 8),
PARTITION p8   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 9),
PARTITION p9   VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 10),
PARTITION p10  VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 11),
PARTITION p11  VALUES LESS THAN (2010, 12),
PARTITION p12  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 1),
PARTITION p13  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 2),
PARTITION p14  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 3),
PARTITION p15  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 4),
PARTITION p16  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 5),
PARTITION p17  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 6),
PARTITION p18  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 7),
PARTITION p19  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 8),
PARTITION p20  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 9),
PARTITION p21  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 10),
PARTITION p22  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 11),
PARTITION p23  VALUES LESS THAN (2011, 12),
PARTITION p24  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 1),
PARTITION p25  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 2),
PARTITION p26  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 3),
PARTITION p27  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 4),
PARTITION p28  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 5),
PARTITION p29  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 6),
PARTITION p30  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 7),
PARTITION p31  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 8),
PARTITION p32  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 9),
PARTITION p33  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 10),
PARTITION p34  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 11),
PARTITION p35  VALUES LESS THAN (2013, 12),
PARTITION p36  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 1),
PARTITION p37  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 2),
PARTITION p38  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 3),
PARTITION p39  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 4),
PARTITION p40  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 5),
PARTITION p41  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 6),
PARTITION p42  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 7),
PARTITION p43  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 8),
PARTITION p44  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 9),
PARTITION p45  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 10),
PARTITION p46  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 11),
PARTITION p47  VALUES LESS THAN (2014, 12), 
PARTITION p48  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 1),
PARTITION p49  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 2),
PARTITION p50  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 3),
PARTITION p51  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 4),
PARTITION p52  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 5),
PARTITION p53  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 6),
PARTITION p54  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 7),
PARTITION p55  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 8),
PARTITION p56  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 9),
PARTITION p57  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 10),
PARTITION p58  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 11),
PARTITION p59  VALUES LESS THAN (2015, 12),
PARTITION p60  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 1),
PARTITION p61  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 2),
PARTITION p62  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 3),
PARTITION p63  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 4),
PARTITION p64  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 5),
PARTITION p65  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 6),
PARTITION p66  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 7),
PARTITION p67  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 8),
PARTITION p68  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 9),
PARTITION p69  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 10),
PARTITION p70  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 11),
PARTITION p71  VALUES LESS THAN (2016, 12),
PARTITION p72  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 1),
PARTITION p73  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 2),
PARTITION p74  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 3),
PARTITION p75  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 4),
PARTITION p76  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 5),
PARTITION p77  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 6),
PARTITION p78  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 7),
PARTITION p79  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 8),
PARTITION p80  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 9),
PARTITION p81  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 10),
PARTITION p82  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 11),
PARTITION p83  VALUES LESS THAN (2017, 12),
PARTITION p84  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 1),
PARTITION p85  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 2),
PARTITION p86  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 3),
PARTITION p87  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 4),
PARTITION p88  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 5),
PARTITION p89  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 6),
PARTITION p90  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 7),
PARTITION p91  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 8),
PARTITION p92  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 9),
PARTITION p93  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 10),
PARTITION p94  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 11),
PARTITION p95  VALUES LESS THAN (2018, 12),
PARTITION p96  VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 1),
PARTITION p97  VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 2),
PARTITION p98  VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 3),
PARTITION p99  VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 4),
PARTITION p100 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 5),
PARTITION p101 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 6),
PARTITION p102 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 7),
PARTITION p103 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 8),
PARTITION p104 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 9),
PARTITION p105 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 10),
PARTITION p106 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 11),
PARTITION p107 VALUES LESS THAN (2019, 12),
PARTITION p108 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 1),
PARTITION p109 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 2),
PARTITION p110 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 3),
PARTITION p111 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 4),
PARTITION p112 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 5),
PARTITION p113 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 6),
PARTITION p114 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 7),
PARTITION p115 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 8),
PARTITION p116 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 9),
PARTITION p117 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 10),
PARTITION p118 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 11),
PARTITION p119 VALUES LESS THAN (2020, 12),
PARTITION p120 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 1),
PARTITION p121 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 2),
PARTITION p122 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 3),
PARTITION p123 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 4),
PARTITION p124 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 5),
PARTITION p125 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 6),
PARTITION p126 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 7),
PARTITION p127 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 8),
PARTITION p128 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 9),
PARTITION p129 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 10),
PARTITION p130 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 11),
PARTITION p131 VALUES LESS THAN (2021, 12),
PARTITION p132 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 1),
PARTITION p133 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 2),
PARTITION p134 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 3),
PARTITION p135 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 4),
PARTITION p136 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 5),
PARTITION p137 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 6),
PARTITION p138 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 7),
PARTITION p139 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 8),
PARTITION p140 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 9),
PARTITION p141 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 10),
PARTITION p142 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 11),
PARTITION p143 VALUES LESS THAN (2022, 12),
PARTITION p144 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 1),
PARTITION p145 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 2),
PARTITION p146 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 3),
PARTITION p147 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 4),
PARTITION p148 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 5),
PARTITION p149 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 6),
PARTITION p150 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 7),
PARTITION p151 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 8),
PARTITION p152 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 9),
PARTITION p153 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 10),
PARTITION p154 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 11),
PARTITION p155 VALUES LESS THAN (2023, 12),
PARTITION p156 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 1),
PARTITION p157 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 2),
PARTITION p158 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 3),
PARTITION p159 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 4),
PARTITION p160 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 5),
PARTITION p161 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 6),
PARTITION p162 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 7),
PARTITION p163 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 8),
PARTITION p164 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 9),
PARTITION p165 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 10),
PARTITION p166 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 11),
PARTITION p167 VALUES LESS THAN (2024, 12),
PARTITION p168 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 1),
PARTITION p169 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 2),
PARTITION p170 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 3),
PARTITION p171 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 4),
PARTITION p172 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 5),
PARTITION p173 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 6),
PARTITION p174 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 7),
PARTITION p175 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 8),
PARTITION p176 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 9),
PARTITION p177 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 10),
PARTITION p178 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 11),
PARTITION p179 VALUES LESS THAN (2025, 12),
PARTITION p180 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE, MAXVALUE)    
);

【问题讨论】：

标签： mysql partition

【解决方案1】：

您正在混合范围和列表分区。

如果你必须对这个表进行分区，你可能想尝试这样的事情，using the EXTRACT() function:

 PARTITION by RANGE (EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM my_date))
    PARTITION p0   VALUES LESS THAN (201001),
    PARTITION p1   VALUES LESS THAN (201002),
    PARTITION p2   VALUES LESS THAN (201003),
    ...

但要考虑清楚。采用分区既有人员成本也有性能成本。

人员成本：当您的系统投入生产时，您通常需要多年后添加分区。
性能成本：查询有时运行缓慢，因为它们必须查看多个分区，并且需要 IO 周期。这种性能问题让你回到......
人员成本：您必须弄清楚是什么导致您的应用程序变慢。

这可能是颈部疼痛。

分区通常在表变大时最有用，即至少有数千万行。您的大约 10K 行的表（相对于）被认为是一个小表。 MySQL 和其他 RDMS 系统可以轻松处理数百万行的表。

弄清楚分区的工作原理并没有什么坏处。但是您的表太小，无法帮助您进行生产。

【讨论】：

OPS sorry 10 MB rows 10,000,000 -> 增长非常快，因为它注册了对网站的每次访问
查找错误 - MySQL 数据库错误：主键必须包含表分区函数中的所有列