PyQt5 使用来自另一个文件的 Drop_groupBox()

Question

我的 PyQt5 应用程序中有一个groupBox，它用作放置区，用户可以在其中上传文件，dropEvent 打印一个拖入放置区的文件名列表并将它们写入 @987654324 @。我对here的原代码做了些微改动：

dropfiles.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

import os
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Drop_groupBox(QtWidgets.QGroupBox):
    dropped = QtCore.pyqtSignal(list)

    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self.setAcceptDrops(True)

    def dragEnterEvent(self, e):
        if e.mimeData().hasUrls():
            e.accept()
        else:
            e.ignore()

    def dropEvent(self, e):
        list_of_files = [url.toLocalFile() for url in e.mimeData().urls() if os.path.isfile(url.toLocalFile())]
        self.dropped.emit(list_of_files)


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(658, 449)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(MainWindow.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        MainWindow.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        MainWindow.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(658, 449))
        MainWindow.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(658, 449))
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.gridLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayout_3.setObjectName("gridLayout_3")
        self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
        self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
        self.label_Files = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_Files.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.label_Files.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.label_Files.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(122, 20))
        self.label_Files.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(122, 20))
        self.label_Files.setObjectName("label_Files")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.label_Files, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.listWidget_Files = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self.centralwidget)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.listWidget_Files.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.listWidget_Files.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.listWidget_Files.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(256, 341))
        self.listWidget_Files.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(256, 341))
        self.listWidget_Files.setObjectName("listWidget_Files")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.listWidget_Files, 1, 0, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_3.addLayout(self.gridLayout, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        # self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox = Drop_groupBox(self.centralwidget)
        self.groupBox.dropped.connect(self.fill_fileslist)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.groupBox.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.groupBox.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.groupBox.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(300, 300))
        self.groupBox.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(400, 300))
        self.groupBox.setTitle("")
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupBox)
        self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.groupBox, 0, 1, 1, 1)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 658, 19))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "TestCase"))
        self.label_Files.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:12pt; font-weight:600;\">Selected Files</span></p></body></html>"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:16pt; font-weight:600;\">Drop Files Here!</span></p></body></html>"))

    def fill_fileslist(self, files_list):
        self.listWidget_Files.addItems(files_list)
        print(files_list)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

当我将所有代码都放在一个文件中时，这非常有效。但是现在我的问题是我正在使用 PyQt Designer 设计一个 gui，我想将“gui”文件与具有编程逻辑（编程功能）的文件分开，这样当我在 gui 中更改某些内容并进行转换时到 python 文件（带有pyuic），在设计器中定义的函数 not 不会被覆盖。所以这就是我尝试过的：

mainwindow.py（gui 文件）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets


class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(658, 449)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(MainWindow.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        MainWindow.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        MainWindow.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(658, 449))
        MainWindow.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(658, 449))
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.gridLayout_3 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayout_3.setObjectName("gridLayout_3")
        self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
        self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
        self.label_Files = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.label_Files.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.label_Files.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.label_Files.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(122, 20))
        self.label_Files.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(122, 20))
        self.label_Files.setObjectName("label_Files")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.label_Files, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.listWidget_Files = QtWidgets.QListWidget(self.centralwidget)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.listWidget_Files.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.listWidget_Files.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.listWidget_Files.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(256, 341))
        self.listWidget_Files.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(256, 341))
        self.listWidget_Files.setObjectName("listWidget_Files")
        self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.listWidget_Files, 1, 0, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_3.addLayout(self.gridLayout, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
        sizePolicy = QtWidgets.QSizePolicy(QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed, QtWidgets.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0)
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(self.groupBox.sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth())
        self.groupBox.setSizePolicy(sizePolicy)
        self.groupBox.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(300, 300))
        self.groupBox.setMaximumSize(QtCore.QSize(400, 300))
        self.groupBox.setTitle("")
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupBox)
        self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.gridLayout_3.addWidget(self.groupBox, 0, 1, 1, 1)
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 658, 19))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "TestCase"))
        self.label_Files.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:12pt; font-weight:600;\">Selected Files</span></p></body></html>"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "<html><head/><body><p align=\"center\"><span style=\" font-size:16pt; font-weight:600;\">Drop Files Here!</span></p></body></html>"))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

dropfiles_functions.py（带有编程逻辑的文件）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


import os
from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtWidgets
from dropfiles_gui import Ui_MainWindow


class Drop_groupBox(QtWidgets.QGroupBox):
    dropped = QtCore.pyqtSignal(list)

    def __init__(self, parent):
        super().__init__(parent)

        self.setAcceptDrops(True)

    def dragEnterEvent(self, e):
        if e.mimeData().hasUrls():
            e.accept()
        else:
            e.ignore()

    def dropEvent(self, e):
        list_of_files = [url.toLocalFile() for url in e.mimeData().urls() if os.path.isfile(url.toLocalFile())]
        self.dropped.emit(list_of_files)


class MConv(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)

        self.ui.groupBox = Drop_groupBox(self.ui.centralwidget)  # <-- why is this not working?
        self.ui.groupBox.dropped.connect(self.fill_fileslist)    # <-- why is this not working?

    def fill_fileslist(self, files_list):
        self.listWidget_Files.addItems(files_list)
        print(files_list)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = QtWidgets.QMainWindow()
    ui = MConv()
    ui.setupUi(MainWindow)
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

我不明白为什么 drop 事件没有传递给 groupBox。在文件“dropfiles_functions.py”中，我将“self.ui.groupBox”更改为“new Drop_groupBox”，但它的功能不起作用。有人可以向我解释为什么会这样以及我做错了什么吗？

Answer 1

为了使其工作，您需要将 QtDesigner 中的 groupbox 小部件从 QtWidgets.QGroupBox 提升为 Drop_groupBox 小部件。您可以查看official Qt documentation 了解如何操作。如果成功并将 .ui 文件转换为 .py 文件，则该行

self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)

应该被替换为

self.groupBox = Drop_groupBox(self.centralwidget)

在.py文件的底部应该有一个类似于

的import语句

from dropfiles_functions import Drop_groupBox

下一步是正确设置MConv。由于MConv 继承自QMainWindow 和Ui_MainWindow，因此您无需在QMainWindow.__init__ 中创建Ui_MainWindow 的单独实例。相反，您可以直接参考MConv.setupUi 和MConv.groupBox，即

class MConv(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(self)
        self.setupUi(self)   # <-- this will define self.groupBox = Drop_groupbox(...) amongst others
        self.groupBox.dropped.connect(self.fill_fileslist)

    def fill_fileslist(self, files_list):
        self.listWidget_Files.addItems(files_list)
        print(files_list)

最后，在if __name__ == "__main__" 块中，您需要确保您使用的是MConv 的实例，而不是标准的QMainWindow，即

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import sys
    app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv)
    MainWindow = MConv()
    MainWindow.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())