从 AppleScript 访问 Cocoa AppDelegate (NSApplicationDelegate) 中的属性

Question

我有一个用 Xcode 编写的非常基本的 Cocoa 应用程序，我正在尝试使用一个简单的 AppleScript 脚本访问我的应用程序委托的属性：

tell application "HelloWorld"
    set appDelegateProperty to property1
end tell

Cocoa Scripting Guide 中的信息看起来很简单。虽然我编写的代码似乎符合键值编码 (KVC)，但我看到的错误表明并非如此。

我在AppDelegate 类中添加了一个名为property1 的NSString 类型的综合属性，在applicationDidFinishLaunching() 方法中将其设置为@"test"。我在我的脚本定义 (SDEF) 文件中添加了条目，以允许从 AppleScript 访问该属性。

以下是相关代码（您可以在this web page 上下载 Xcode 项目的压缩副本或浏览源代码）：

Info.plist

我添加了这些键以在应用程序中启用 AppleScript 支持：

<key>NSAppleScriptEnabled</key>
<string>YES</string>
<key>OSAScriptingDefinition</key>
<string>HelloWorld.sdef</string>

AppDelegate.h

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>

@interface AppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate>
@property   NSString*   property1;
@end

AppDelegate.m

#import "AppDelegate.h"

@interface AppDelegate ()
@property (weak) IBOutlet NSWindow *window;
@end

@implementation AppDelegate
@synthesize property1;
- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification {
    property1 = @"test";
}
@end

HelloWorld.sdef

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE dictionary SYSTEM "file://localhost/System/Library/DTDs/sdef.dtd">
 <dictionary title="HelloWorld">
    <suite name="HelloWorld" code="HELO" description="HelloWorld scripting suite">
        <class name="application" id="HELO" code="capp" description="top-level scripting object">
            <cocoa class="NSApplication"/>
            <property name="property1" code="Hadp" description="property1" type="text" access="r">
                <cocoa key="property1"/>
            </property>
        </class>
    </suite>
 </dictionary>

当我在 Xcode 调试器中启动应用程序并在脚本编辑器中执行此 AppleScript 代码时，这是我在脚本编辑器控制台中看到的错误：

脚本编辑器控制台输出

 error "HelloWorld got an error: AppleEvent handler failed." number -10000

Xcode 调试器控制台输出

 2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Command: Intrinsics.get
Direct Parameter: <NSPropertySpecifier: property1>
Receivers: <NSPropertySpecifier: property1>
Arguments:     {
}
 2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] An exception was thrown during execution of an NSScriptCommand...
 2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] [<NSApplication 0x620000101560> valueForUndefinedKey:]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key property1.
 2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Result: (null)
 2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Error: -10000 "(null)"

疑难解答说明

不知何故，我的代码实际上不符合 KVC，尽管我不确定如何或为什么。

我怀疑属性位于 应用程序委托 而不是 NSApplication 类本身这一事实可能存在问题，但我可能错了。

我已经设置了绑定调试日志级别，如 Cocoa Bindings Programming Topics 文档的“Troubleshooting Cocoa Bindings”部分所示，以对绑定进行故障排除：

defaults write net.none.HelloWorld NSBindingDebugLogLevel 1

我还将脚本调试日志级别设置为 1，如 Cocoa 脚本指南的“打开脚本调试输出”部分所示，以查看更详细的调试输出，如下所示：

defaults write net.none.HelloWorld NSScriptingDebugLogLevel 1

最后，我已按照 Cocoa 脚本指南的“检查应用程序中的脚本信息”部分中的说明输出 Cocoa 从 SDEF 中提取的脚本信息的描述。这是调试器控制台命令及其输出：

po [NSClassFromString(@"NSScriptSuiteRegistry") sharedScriptSuiteRegistry]

Suite: Intrinsics ('intr'), hidden: yes
    Name: "Intrinsics", description: ""
    Class: item ('cobj'), superclass: <none>, hidden: no
        Implementation class: NSObject
        Name: "item", plural name: "items", description: "A scriptable object."
        Attribute: classCode ('pcls'), type: type ('type'), access: read-only, hidden: no
            Name: "class", description: "The class of the object."
        Attribute: scriptingProperties ('pALL'), type: record ('reco'), access: read-write, hidden: no
            Name: "properties", description: "All of the object's properties."
        Default subcontainer: <none>
        Supported command: delete, method: -
        Supported command: exists, method: -
        Supported command: set, method: -
        Supported command: get, method: -
        Supported command: count, method: -
        Supported command: move, method: -
        Supported command: duplicate, method: -
        Primitive type: <none>
    Command: get ('core'/'getd'), hidden: no
        Implementation class: NSGetCommand
        Name: "get", description: "Returns the value of the specified object(s)."
        Unnamed argument ('----'), type: specifier ('obj '), optional: no
            (No user-readable name or description needed for unnamed arguments)
        Result type: any ('****')
            Description: <none>
    Command: set ('core'/'setd'), hidden: no
        Implementation class: NSSetCommand
        Name: "set", description: "Sets the value of the specified object(s)."
        Unnamed argument ('----'), type: specifier ('obj '), optional: no
            (No user-readable name or description needed for unnamed arguments)
        Argument: Value ('data'), type: any ('****'), optional: no, hidden: no
            Name: "to", description: "The new value."
        Result type: <none> ('null')
            Description: <none>
    Value type: any ('****')
        Implementation class: NSAppleEventDescriptor
    Value type: boolean ('bool')
        Implementation class: NSNumber
    Value type: date ('ldt ')
        Implementation class: NSDate
    Value type: file ('file')
        Implementation class: NSURL
    Value type: integer ('long')
        Implementation class: NSNumber
    Value type: location specifier ('insl')
        Implementation class: NSPositionalSpecifier
    Value type: missing value ('msng')
        Implementation class: NSNull
    Value type: number ('nmbr')
        Implementation class: NSNumber
    Value type: point ('QDpt')
        Implementation class: NSData
    Value type: real ('doub')
        Implementation class: NSNumber
    Value type: record ('reco')
        Implementation class: NSDictionary
    Value type: rectangle ('qdrt')
        Implementation class: NSData
    Value type: specifier ('obj ')
        Implementation class: NSScriptObjectSpecifier
    Value type: text ('ctxt')
        Implementation class: NSString
    Value type: type ('type')
        Implementation class: NSNumber
    Object type: item ('cobj')

 Suite: HelloWorld ('HELO'), hidden: no
    Name: "HelloWorld", description: "HelloWorld scripting suite"
    Class: application ('capp'), superclass: item, hidden: no
        Implementation class: NSApplication
        Name: "application", plural name: "applications", description: "top-level scripting object"
        Attribute: property1 ('Hadp'), type: text ('ctxt'), access: read-only, hidden: no
            Name: "property1", description: "property1"
        Default subcontainer: <none>
        Primitive type: <none>
    Object type: application ('capp')

有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

如果密钥在AppDelegate 你必须实现

- (BOOL)application:(NSApplication *)sender delegateHandlesKey:(NSString *)key
{
    return [key isEqualToString:@"property1"]; 
}

对于多个键，声明一个包含所有键的 NSSet 属性 keySet 并返回

return [keySet containsObject:key]; 

您无需在 sdef 文件中指定 cocoa key property1，因为名称与选择器匹配。