如何将我的原生 SQL 查询转换为 JPQL 查询答案

【问题标题】：How to convert my native SQL query into a JPQL query如何将我的原生 SQL 查询转换为 JPQL 查询
【发布时间】：2016-09-30 15:48:28
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试将原生 SQL 查询转换为 JPQL 查询。首先介绍的是 JPA 实体和存储库接口：

LearnerActivity

@Entity
@Table(name = "learner_activity")
public class LearnerActivity implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    @ManyToMany
    @JoinTable(name = "learner_activity_unit",
               joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="learner_activitys_id", referencedColumnName="ID"),
               inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="units_id", referencedColumnName="ID"))
    private Set<Unit> units = new HashSet<>();

    @ManyToMany
    @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE)
    @JoinTable(name = "learner_activity_performance_criteria",
               joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="learner_activitys_id", referencedColumnName="ID"),
               inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="performance_criterias_id", referencedColumnName="ID"))
    private Set<PerformanceCriteria> performanceCriterias = new HashSet<>();
}

LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem

@Entity
@Table(name = "learner_job_on_site_checklist_section_item")
public class LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "learner_activity_id")
    private LearnerActivity learnerActivity;
}

LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement

@Entity
@Table(name = "learner_portfolio_performance_criteria_achievement")
public class LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement implements Serializable {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Long id;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "performance_criteria_id")
    private PerformanceCriteria performanceCriteria;

    @ManyToMany
    @Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.NONSTRICT_READ_WRITE)
    @JoinTable(name = "learner_portfolio_performance_criteria_achievement_learner_job_on_site_checklist_section_item",
               joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="learner_portfolio_performance_criteria_achievements_id", referencedColumnName="ID"),
               inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="learner_job_on_site_checklist_section_items_id", referencedColumnName="ID"))
    private Set<LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem> learnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItems = new HashSet<>();
}

我希望获得与给定LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem 的Activity 具有相同PerformanceCriteria 的所有LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievements。

LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievementRepository

public interface LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievementRepository extends JpaRepository<LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement,Long> {
    @Query("select distinct lppca from LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem si inner join si.learnerActivity la inner join LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement lppca where lppca.performanceCriteria member of la.performanceCriterias and si.id =:sectionItemId")
    public List<LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement> findForSectionItem(@Param("sectionItemId") Long sectionItemId);
}

原生 SQL

SELECT
  a.id
FROM
  learner_job_on_site_checklist_section_item AS i
JOIN
  learner_activity_performance_criteria AS c
ON
  c.learned_activitys_id = i.learned_activitys_id
INNER JOIN
  learner_portfolio_performance_criteria_achievement AS a
ON
  a.performance_criteria_id = c.performance_criterias_id
where i.id = 2

了解我可以用 WHERE 子句替换我的 SQL ON，到目前为止我最好的 JPQL 尝试是这样的：

SELECT
  DISTINCT lppca
FROM
  LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem si
INNER JOIN
  si.learnerActivity la
INNER JOIN
  LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement lppca
WHERE
  lppca.performanceCriteria MEMBER OF la.performanceCriterias
AND si.id =:sectionItemId

但是，运行此 JPQL 会引发以下异常：

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No data type for node: org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.tree.IdentNode 
 \-[IDENT] IdentNode: 'lppca' {originalText=lppca}

【问题讨论】：

发布问题时，请尽量减少代码，以便读者轻松阅读。由于代码的长度和长得吓人的类名，现在它太麻烦了。我已经删除了一些与问题描述或答案无关的代码，以便问题更易于阅读。
感谢您所花费的时间。为将来的问题记录的评论。谢谢。

标签： sql jpa spring-data-jpa jpql

【解决方案1】：

以下查询将起作用：

SELECT
  a
FROM
  LearnerPortfolioPerformanceCriteriaAchievement  a
  , LearnerActivity                               v
  , LearnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItem          i
WHERE
  i.id                                            = :sectionItemId
AND i.learnerActivity                             = v
AND a.performanceCriteria                         MEMBER OF v.performanceCriterias
AND i                                             MEMBER OF a.learnerJobOnSiteChecklistSectionItems

创建了一个sample application 来测试查询（我使用了更短更简单的类名以使其易于阅读）。

【讨论】：