browser_switcher_service.cc(238)] XXX Init() error with Python Selenium Script with Chrome for Web Scraping

Question

我正在使用一个小的 python 脚本和 chrome 驱动程序从 Mangafox 下载漫画。它曾经运行良好，直到几天前我更新了 Chrome 浏览器。我现在每次尝试都会显示以下错误：

[14664:14280:0420/202509.245:ERROR:browser_switcher_service.cc(238)] XXX Init()
[14664:14280:0420/202509.678:ERROR:device_event_log_impl.cc(162)] [20:25:09.679] Bluetooth: bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc:1186 Getting Radio failed. Chrome will be unable to change the power state by itself.
[14664:14280:0420/202509.695:ERROR:device_event_log_impl.cc(162)] [20:25:09.696] Bluetooth: bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc:1264 OnPoweredRadioAdded(), Number of Powered Radios: 1
[14664:14280:0420/202509.696:ERROR:device_event_log_impl.cc(162)] [20:25:09.696] Bluetooth: bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc:1283 OnPoweredRadiosEnumerated(), Number of Powered Radios: 1

我已将 selenium 模块与 chrome 驱动程序一起使用。我已经尝试更新我的网络驱动程序，尝试让代码循环或休眠，直到网页完全加载。

我的代码如下：

from selenium import webdriver
import os
import urllib.request


Main = 'https://ww3.mangafox.online/'
Name = str(input('Enter Name of Manga as on \'ww3.Mangafox.online\':  '))
Name = Name.replace(' ', '-')
Name = Name.replace('\'', '-')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(r'C:\Users\freak\Assignments\SDP\Drivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get(Main + Name)

Tags = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('a')
List = [] 
for Tag in Tags:
    List.append(str(Tag.get_attribute('href')))

dir = os.path.join('C:\\','Users', 'freak', 'Assignments', 'SDP', 'Test', Name.replace('-', '_'))
print('Checking the existence of folder; %s' % dir)
if not os.path.exists(dir):
    print('Folder not found. Attempting to create folder: %s' % dir)
    os.mkdir(dir)
    print('Folder successfully created')

Index = []
for i, element in enumerate(List):
    if (str(Name) + '/chapter') in element:
        Index.append(i)

Chapters = []

这部分之后只是我用来下载图像的循环。但是由于某种原因，会显示一个错误，并且为标签创建的列表仍然是空的。 driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('a') 完全失败。

Answer 1

这些错误信息...

[14664:14280:0420/202509.245:ERROR:browser_switcher_service.cc(238)] XXX Init()
[14664:14280:0420/202509.678:ERROR:device_event_log_impl.cc(162)] [20:25:09.679] Bluetooth: bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc:1186 Getting Radio failed. Chrome will be unable to change the power state by itself.
[14664:14280:0420/202509.695:ERROR:device_event_log_impl.cc(162)] [20:25:09.696] Bluetooth: bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc:1264 OnPoweredRadioAdded(), Number of Powered Radios: 1
[14664:14280:0420/202509.696:ERROR:device_event_log_impl.cc(162)] [20:25:09.696] Bluetooth: bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc:1283 OnPoweredRadiosEnumerated(), Number of Powered Radios: 1

...暗示on_init_ 方法在std::make_unique<base::ScopedClosureRunner>(std::move(on_init)) 中失败。

---

分析

这些错误在bluetooth_adapter_winrt.cc 中定义如下：

• 获取电台失败。 Chrome 将无法自行更改电源状态：

  void BluetoothAdapterWinrt::OnGetRadio(base::ScopedClosureRunner on_init,
                         ComPtr<IRadio> radio) {
    DCHECK_CALLED_ON_VALID_THREAD(thread_checker_);
    if (radio) {
      radio_ = std::move(radio);
      radio_was_powered_ = GetState(radio_.Get()) == RadioState_On;
      radio_state_changed_token_ = AddTypedEventHandler(
      radio_.Get(), &IRadio::add_StateChanged,
      base::BindRepeating(&BluetoothAdapterWinrt::OnRadioStateChanged,
                  weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
      if (!radio_state_changed_token_)
        BLUETOOTH_LOG(ERROR) << "Adding Radio State Changed Handler failed.";
      return;
    }
    // This happens within WoW64, due to an issue with non-native APIs.
    BLUETOOTH_LOG(ERROR)
        << "Getting Radio failed. Chrome will be unable to change the power "
       "state by itself.";
  

• 有源收音机数量：1：

  void BluetoothAdapterWinrt::OnPoweredRadioAdded(IDeviceWatcher* watcher,
                                                  IDeviceInformation* info) {
    if (++num_powered_radios_ == 1)
      NotifyAdapterPoweredChanged(true);
    BLUETOOTH_LOG(ERROR) << "OnPoweredRadioAdded(), Number of Powered Radios: "
                         << num_powered_radios_;
  }
  void BluetoothAdapterWinrt::OnPoweredRadioRemoved(
      IDeviceWatcher* watcher,
      IDeviceInformationUpdate* update) {
    if (--num_powered_radios_ == 0)
      NotifyAdapterPoweredChanged(false);
    BLUETOOTH_LOG(ERROR) << "OnPoweredRadioRemoved(), Number of Powered Radios: "
                         << num_powered_radios_;
  }
  void BluetoothAdapterWinrt::OnPoweredRadiosEnumerated(IDeviceWatcher* watcher,
                                                        IInspectable* object) {
    BLUETOOTH_LOG(ERROR)
        << "OnPoweredRadiosEnumerated(), Number of Powered Radios: "
        << num_powered_radios_;
    // Destroy the ScopedClosureRunner, triggering the contained Closure to be
    // run. Note this may destroy |this|.
    DCHECK(on_init_);
    on_init_.reset();
  }
  

---

深入研究

根据Chrome no longer accepts certificates that fallback to common name 中讨论的详细信息，这些错误是与google-chrome 合并的更改的直接影响

---

解决方案

确保：

• Selenium 升级到当前级别 Version 3.141.59。
• ChromeDriver 已更新到当前的ChromeDriver v84.0 级别。
• Chrome 已更新到当前的 Chrome 版本 84.0 级别。 （根据ChromeDriver v84.0 release notes）
• 如果您的基本 Web 客户端 版本太旧，请卸载它并安装最新的 GA 和发布版本的 Web 客户端。

---

其他注意事项

但据观察，可以通过在 Linux 上以 root 用户 (administrator) 身份运行 Chrome 来抑制此错误，但这与ChromeDriver - WebDriver for Chrome 中提到的文档：

Chrome 在启动期间崩溃的一个常见原因是在 Linux 上以 root 用户（管理员）身份运行 Chrome。虽然可以通过在创建 WebDriver 会话时传递 '--no-sandbox' 标志来解决此问题，即 ChromeDriver 会话，因为这种配置不受支持且非常不鼓励。

理想情况下，您需要将环境配置为以普通用户身份运行 Chrome。

---

抑制错误

最后，根据Selenium Chrome Driver: Resolve Error Messages Regarding Registry Keys and Experimental Options 中的文档，可以通过添加参数来抑制这些错误日志：

excludeSwitches: ['enable-logging']

所以你的有效代码块将是：

from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions() 
options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ["enable-logging"])
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options, executable_path=r'C:\WebDrivers\chromedriver.exe')
driver.get("https://www.google.com/")

Answer 2

您是否尝试过改用 Firefox 驱动程序？
https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases

你只需要更新你的代码：

driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path='/path/to/driver')