如何连接文件夹中多个图像中的 5 个图像

Question

我有一个包含多个图像的文件夹，可以说图像名称是----

AB_1.jpg, AB_2.jpg, AB_3.jpg, AB_4.jpg, AB_5.jpg, AB_6.jpg, AB_7.jpg, AB_8.jpg, BC_1.jpg, BC_2.jpg, BC_3.jpg, CA_1.jpg, CA_2.jpg

这里我的目标是将所有图像连接到 _5 或小于 _5 作为一个图像....

所以基本上我要说的是—— AB_1.jpg, AB_2.jpg, AB_3.jpg, AB_4.jpg, AB_5.jpg

将垂直连接，文件名可以说是 AB_Concat.jpg

_6,_7,_8 被跳过，因为我们只想将图像连接到 _5 为一个....

同样，， BC_1.jpg, BC_2.jpg, BC_3.jpg

将垂直连接，文件名可以说是 BC_Concat.jpg，如您在此处看到的，BC_3 是最后一个小于 _5 的文件，因此所有文件都将垂直连接.....

所以如果有人对如何实现相同的想法有任何想法，请帮助......

这个问题与连接两个图像的一次不相似，因为这里我们是根据图像中下划线后的值来连接图像....

这是我尝试过的东西---

import cv2

import shutil

import numpy as np   
        
import os   

from PIL import Image  
     
path = r"D:\split"

out = r"D:\concat_test"

os.makedirs(out,exist_ok=True)

imag_name =[]

imag_name1 = []

for img in os.listdir(path):

    folder  = img.rsplit("_",1)[0]  

    imag_name1.append((folder,img))

    images = cv2.imread(os.path.join(path,img),0)

    imag_name.append((folder,images))

# to create a folder for multiple images contain same name  
   
for image,name in zip(imag_name,imag_name1):

    if image[0] == name[0]:

        folder_n = os.path.join(out,name[0])

        final_fldr = os.path.join(folder_n,name[1])

        os.makedirs(folder_n,exist_ok=True)

        cv2.imwrite(final_fldr,image[1])

# to concatinate the images

for root,dirs,files in os.walk(out):

    np_images = [cv2.imread(os.path.join(root,file),0) for file in files]

    np_name = list(set([file.rsplit("_",1)[0] for file in files]))
    

    if len(np_images) != 0:

        print(np_name)

        concat = cv2.vconcat(np_images)

        concatinated_images = os.path.join(out,"concatinated_images")

        os.makedirs(concatinated_images,exist_ok=True)

        cv2.imwrite(os.path.join(concatinated_images,*np_name)+".tif",concat)

#to remove the unwanted folder

for remove_folder in os.listdir(out):

    if remove_folder != "concatinated_images":

        folders_to_remove = os.path.join(out,remove_folder)

        shutil.rmtree(folders_to_remove)
'''

Answer 1

您的问题有很多变化的部分，所以我将尝试解决所有这些问题。希望代码对您的用例有所帮助。

下面的代码是这样做的：

1. 确定目录 X 中存在哪些图像

2. 根据文件名对图像进行分组

3. 创建一个临时目录来存储基于组的图像。该目录将被自动删除。

4. 复制本地文件到临时目录

5. 将文件分块（最多 5 个文件）

6. 将这些卡盘合并成一个带有边框分隔符的新图像

特别说明

在测试期间，我注意到任何不包含所需 5 项的列表的格式都不会正确。为了解决这个问题，我创建了一个 blank_check.jpg，它允许我正确地格式化新图像。

import os
import shutil
import tempfile
import itertools
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageOps

def create_temp_directory(name):
    """
    This function create a temporary directory, which will
    be used to store files based on specific parts of a filename.
    :param name:
    :return:
    """
    temp_dir = tempfile.TemporaryDirectory(suffix=None, prefix=f'temp_directory_{name}', dir=None)
    return temp_dir


def divide_list_into_chunks(input_list, len_of_chunk):
    """
    This function will divide a list into chunks.
    :param input_list:
    :param len_of_chunk:
    :return:
    """
    for i in range(0, len(input_list), len_of_chunk):
       yield input_list[i:i + len_of_chunk]
 

def add_blank_checks(input_list, temp_dir):
    """
   :param input_list: 
   :param temp_dir: 
   :return: 
   """
   number_of_images = (5 - len(input_list))
   for _ in range(number_of_images):
      shutil.copy(f'blank_check.jpg', f'{temp_dir.name}/blank_check.jpg')
      input_list.append(f'{temp_dir.name}/blank_check.jpg')
   return input_list


def merge_images_vertically(list_of_images, file_name):
    """
    This function is designed to merge images vertically
    :param list_of_images: current list of images to process
    :param file_name: file name for the new image
    :return: 
    """
    # open images using Pillow
    images = [Image.open(im) for im in list_of_images]
    # Create separate lists to store the heights and widths
    # of the images
    widths, heights = zip(*(i.size for i in images))
    width_of_new_image = min(widths)
    height_of_new_image = sum(heights)
    # create a new output image
    new_im = Image.new('RGB', (width_of_new_image, height_of_new_image))
    new_pos = 0
    counter = 0
    for im in images:
       if counter == 0:
          new_im.paste(im, (0, new_pos))
          new_pos += im.size[1]
          counter += 1
       else:
          color = "black"
          border = (0, 10, 0, 0)
          img_with_border = ImageOps.expand(im, border=border, fill=color)
          new_im.paste(img_with_border, (0, new_pos))
          new_pos += im.size[1]
     new_im.save(f'{file_name}', "JPEG", quality=75, optimize=True, progressive=True)
     return


image_directory = "sample_images"
image_directory_abspath = os.path.abspath(image_directory)
images = os.listdir(image_directory_abspath)
accepted_extensions = ('.bmp', '.gif', '.jpg', '.jpeg', '.png', '.svg', '.tiff')
valid_image_extensions = [im for im in images if im.endswith(accepted_extensions)]
image_groups = [list(g) for _, g in itertools.groupby(sorted(valid_image_extensions), lambda x: x[0:2])]
for image_group in image_groups:
   count = 0
   name_group = image_group[0][:2]
   temp_directory = create_temp_directory(name_group)
   image_list = [shutil.copy(f'{image_directory_abspath}/{item}', f'{temp_directory.name}/{item}') for item in image_group]
   max_number_of_items = 5
   chunks = list(divide_list_into_chunks(image_list, max_number_of_items))
   for chunk in chunks:
      count += 1
      if len(chunk) == 5:
        merge_images_vertically(chunk, f'{name_group}_merged_{count}.jpeg')
      else:
        new_checks = add_blank_checks(chunk, temp_directory)
        merge_images_vertically(new_checks, f'{name_group}_merged_{count}.jpeg')

合并图像文件示例

----------------------------------------
System information
----------------------------------------
Platform:    macOS Catalina
Python:      3.8.0
Pillow:      8.0.1
----------------------------------------

Answer 2

要迭代文件夹中的所有文件，请使用 Python 的 os.walk 方法。对于每个文件，使用 Python 的 str.split 获取文件的前缀和编号。对5 上方的前缀更改和数字进行一些检查，然后将循环内的图像连接起来。由于您只连接五个图像，因此使用矢量化方法（例如通过 NumPy）这样做只会产生更多不可读的代码，从而获得较小的性能提升。

这是我的完整代码：

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os

# Iterate all files in folder
for root, dirs, files in os.walk("your/folder/somewhere/"):

    current_prefix = ''
    output = None

    for file in files:

        # Split filename
        splits = file.split('_')

        # Get prefix and number of filename
        prefix = splits[0]
        number = int(splits[1].split('.')[0])

        # If there's a prefix change...
        if prefix != current_prefix:

            # ... save last output image...
            if current_prefix != '' and output is not None:
                cv2.imwrite(root + current_prefix + '_Concat.jpg', output)

            # ... and set new prefix and initialize new output image
            current_prefix = prefix
            output = cv2.imread(root + file)

        # As long the current number is less or equal 5, concatenate
        elif number <= 5:
            output = np.concatenate([output, cv2.imread(root + file)], axis=0)

    # Save last output image separately
    cv2.imwrite(root + current_prefix + '_Concat.jpg', output)

我使用包含文件 AB_1.jpg ... AB_8.jpg 和 BC_1.jpg ... BC_3.jpg 的文件夹测试了该代码。结果我得到AB_Concat.jpg 与前五张图像垂直连接，BC_Concat.jpg 与现有三张图像。

----------------------------------------
System information
----------------------------------------
Platform:    Windows-10-10.0.16299-SP0
Python:      3.8.5
NumPy:       1.19.4
OpenCV:      4.4.0
----------------------------------------

Answer 3

我有 10 分钟的时间来写一些代码 - 之后解释：

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import glob, re
import numpy as np
import cv2

# Get list of filename prefixes by looking for "XX_1.jpg" images
prefixes = [ re.split('_', f)[0] for f in glob.glob('[A-Z][A-Z]_1.jpg') ]

# Iterate over prefixes forming sequentially numbered filenames
for prefix in prefixes:
   stack = cv2.imread(f'{prefix}_1.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
   for N in range(2,6):
      # Load image and concatenate onto stack
      im = cv2.imread(f'{prefix}_{N}.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
      stack = np.concatenate((stack, im), axis=0)
   # Save concatenated stack
   cv2.imwrite(f'{prefix}_concat.jpg', stack)

---

最简单的方法是查找所有 XX_1.jpg 文件以获取文件名的词干（即前缀）。然后构造 5 个编号的版本并列一个列表，然后使用 Numpy np.concat() 将它们堆叠在一起。

不写所有代码，如下：

import glob, re
import numpy as np

# iterate over all "XX_1.jpg" files
for f in glob.glob('[A-Z][A-Z]_1.jpg'):
    print(f)
    stem = re.split('_', f)[0]
    print(stem)

这将生成所有前缀的列表：

DE_1.jpg
DE
BC_1.jpg
BC
AB_1.jpg
AB

Answer 4

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
for img in img_dir:
    for i in nums:
        if str(i) in img:
            img = img.replace('i', 'Concat')

        

Answer 5

要么有，要么没有。累了，去洗澡。

#! /usr/bin/env python3

import os
import cv2
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image

path = r'D:\split'
out = r'D:\concat_test'

for root, _, files in os.walk( path ):
    heads = {}
    for file in files:
        head, tail = file.split( '_', 1 )
        version, extension = tail .split( '.', 1 )
        if head not in heads or version > heads [head] ['vers']:
            heads [head] = { 'vers':version, 'ext':extension }

    for h in heads:  ##  AB, BC, CA
        head = heads [h]  ##  local reference
        images = []
        for i in range( head ['vers'] )
            imagename = h +i +head ['ext']
            img = cv2.imread( os.path.join( root, imagename ), 0 )  ##  color, grey, alpha
            images .append( img )

        concat = cv2.vconcat( images )
        concat_name = os.path.join( out,  h +'concat' +head ['ext'] )
        cv2.imwrite( concat_name, concat )