Rspec匹配哈希数组答案

【问题标题】：Rspec match array of hashesRspec匹配哈希数组
【发布时间】：2014-07-12 00:42:02
【问题描述】：

我有一个哈希数组，为了论证，它看起来像这样：

[{"foo"=>"1", "bar"=>"1"}, {"foo"=>"2", "bar"=>"2"}]

使用 Rspec，我想测试 "foo" => "2" 是否存在于数组中，但我不在乎它是第一项还是第二项。我试过了：

[{"foo" => "1", "bar" => "2"}, {"foo" => "2", "bar" => "2"}].should include("foo" => "2"))

但这不起作用，因为哈希值应该完全匹配。有没有办法部分测试每个哈希的内容？

【问题讨论】：

[{"foo" => "1", "bar" => "2"}, {"foo" => "2", "bar" => "2"}].flat_map(&:to_a).should include(["foo","2"]) 也可以。

标签： ruby arrays hash rspec

【解决方案1】：

使用Composable Matchers

hashes = [{"foo" => "1", "bar" => "2"}, {"foo" => "2", "bar" => "2"}]
expect(hashes)
  .to match([
    a_hash_including('foo' => '2'), 
    a_hash_including('foo' => '1')
  ])

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

您可以使用可组合的匹配器

http://rspec.info/blog/2014/01/new-in-rspec-3-composable-matchers/

但我更喜欢像这样定义一个自定义匹配器

require 'rspec/expectations'

RSpec::Matchers.define :include_hash_matching do |expected|
  match do |array_of_hashes|
    array_of_hashes.any? { |element| element.slice(*expected.keys) == expected }
  end
end

并在这样的规范中使用它

describe RSpec::Matchers do
  describe '#include_hash_matching' do
    subject(:array_of_hashes) do
      [
        {
          'foo' => '1',
          'bar' => '2'
        }, {
          'foo' => '2',
          'bar' => '2'
        }
      ]
    end

    it { is_expected.to include_hash_matching('foo' => '1') }

    it { is_expected.to include_hash_matching('foo' => '2') }

    it { is_expected.to include_hash_matching('bar' => '2') }

    it { is_expected.not_to include_hash_matching('bar' => '1') }

    it { is_expected.to include_hash_matching('foo' => '1', 'bar' => '2') }

    it { is_expected.not_to include_hash_matching('foo' => '1', 'bar' => '1') }

    it 'ignores the order of the keys' do
      is_expected.to include_hash_matching('bar' => '2', 'foo' => '1')
    end
  end
end


Finished in 0.05894 seconds
7 examples, 0 failures

【讨论】：

如果你想让它与使用符号的哈希一起工作，你可以这样做： RSpec::Matchers.define :include_hash_matching do |expected|匹配 |array_of_hashes| array_of_hashes.any？做 |元素|预期 = 预期的.stringify_keys 元素 = element.stringify_keys element.slice(*expected.keys) == 预期的结束结束结束

【解决方案3】：

怎么样？

hashes = [{"foo" => "1", "bar" => "2"}, {"foo" => "2", "bar" => "2"}]
expect(hashes).to include(include('foo' => '2'))

【讨论】：

如果你想要全部而不是任何，那么你可以使用all：expect(hashes).to all(include('foo' => '2'))
all 的文档：relishapp.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/docs/built-in-matchers/…
这行得通，但我将其表述为：expect(hashes).to include(a_hash_including("foo" => "2"))

【解决方案4】：

您可以使用any? 方法。有关文档，请参阅 this。

hashes = [{"foo" => "1", "bar" => "2"}, {"foo" => "2", "bar" => "2"}]
expect(hashes.any? { |hash| hash['foo'] == '2' }).to be_true

【讨论】：

非常感谢，你拯救了我的一天

【解决方案5】：

如果单独测试哈希不是严格要求，我会这样做：

[{"foo" => "1", "bar" => "2"}, {"foo" => "2", "bar" => "2"}].map{ |d| d["foo"] }.should include("2")

【讨论】：