在python中生成15分钟的时间间隔数组答案

【问题标题】：Generating 15 minute time interval array in python在python中生成15分钟的时间间隔数组
【发布时间】：2017-01-10 21:41:23
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试生成时间间隔数组。例如：

time_array = ["2016-09-02T17:30:00Z", "2016-09-02T17:45:00Z", 
              "2016-09-02T18:00:00Z", "2016-09-02T18:15:00Z", 
              "2016-09-02T18:30:00Z", "2016-09-02T18:45:00Z"]

它应该在每天晚上 9 点之前的 zulu 时间创建上述元素。
也应该为下一个和后天生成元素
开始时间从早上 7:00 - 晚上 9:00 开始，如果 current_time > start_time 然后生成 15 分钟的时间间隔数组，直到晚上 9 点。然后生成第二天和第二天+ 2。并且间隔应该是 7:00, 7:15 这样.. 不是在 7:12, 8:32

【问题讨论】：

到目前为止你忘记展示你的尝试了。

标签： python arrays python-2.7

【解决方案1】：

这是一个通用的datetime_range 供您使用。

代码

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def datetime_range(start, end, delta):
    current = start
    while current < end:
        yield current
        current += delta

dts = [dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d T%H:%M Z') for dt in 
       datetime_range(datetime(2016, 9, 1, 7), datetime(2016, 9, 1, 9+12), 
       timedelta(minutes=15))]

print(dts)

输出

['2016-09-01 T07:00 Z', '2016-09-01 T07:15 Z', '2016-09-01 T07:30 Z', '2016-09-01 T07:45 Z ', '2016-09-01 T08:00 Z', '2016-09-01 T08:15 Z', '2016-09-01 T08:30 Z', '2016-09-01 T08:45 Z', '2016-09-01 T09:00 Z'、'2016-09-01 T09:15 Z'、'2016-09-01 T09:30 Z'、'2016-09-01 T09:45 Z' ... ]

【讨论】：

这个解决方案是正确的 - 但是对于那些想要在 groupby 中使用它的人来说，请注意。由于 datetime_range 函数返回一个生成器，因此只能使用一次。

【解决方案2】：

查看数据文件，您应该使用内置的 python 日期时间对象。后跟strftime 格式化您的日期。

您可以将下面的代码修改为您想要的任意多个日期时间首先创建一个开始日期。

Today= datetime.datetime.today()

将 100 替换为您想要的任意数量的时间间隔。

date_list = [Today + datetime.timedelta(minutes=15*x) for x in range(0, 100)]

最后，使用如下代码以您想要的方式格式化列表。

datetext=[x.strftime('%Y-%m-%d T%H:%M Z') for x in date_list]

【讨论】：

非常感谢@zhqiat 的回复。我使用了你的一些逻辑来使我的脚本满足要求。

【解决方案3】：

这是Pandas 解决方案：

import pandas as pd

l = (pd.DataFrame(columns=['NULL'],
                  index=pd.date_range('2016-09-02T17:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T21:00:00Z',
                                      freq='15T'))
       .between_time('07:00','21:00')
       .index.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')
       .tolist()
)

输出：

In [165]: l
Out[165]:
['2016-09-02T17:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T17:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T18:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T18:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T18:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T18:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T19:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T19:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T19:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T19:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T20:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T20:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T20:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T20:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-02T21:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T07:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T07:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T07:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T07:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T08:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T08:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T08:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T08:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T09:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T09:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T09:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T09:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T10:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T10:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T10:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T10:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T11:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T11:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T11:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T11:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T12:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T12:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T12:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T12:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T13:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T13:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T13:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T13:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T14:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T14:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T14:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T14:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T15:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T15:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T15:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T15:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T16:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T16:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T16:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T16:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T17:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T17:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T17:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T17:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T18:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T18:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T18:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T18:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T19:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T19:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T19:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T19:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T20:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T20:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T20:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T20:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-03T21:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T07:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T07:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T07:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T07:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T08:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T08:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T08:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T08:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T09:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T09:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T09:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T09:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T10:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T10:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T10:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T10:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T11:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T11:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T11:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T11:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T12:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T12:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T12:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T12:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T13:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T13:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T13:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T13:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T14:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T14:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T14:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T14:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T15:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T15:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T15:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T15:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T16:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T16:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T16:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T16:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T17:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T17:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T17:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T17:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T18:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T18:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T18:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T18:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T19:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T19:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T19:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T19:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T20:00:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T20:15:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T20:30:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T20:45:00Z',
 '2016-09-04T21:00:00Z']

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

这是一个使用任意日期时间的示例

from datetime import datetime

start = datetime(1900,1,1,0,0,0)
end = datetime(1900,1,2,0,0,0)

现在您需要获取start 和end 之间的时间差（两个日期或时间之间的差异。）

seconds = (end - start).total_seconds()

定义 15 分钟间隔

from datetime import timedelta

step = timedelta(minutes=15)

在秒的范围内迭代，时间增量为 15 分钟（900 秒），并将其与 start 相加。

array = []
for i in range(0, int(seconds), int(step.total_seconds())):
    array.append(start + timedelta(seconds=i))

print array
[datetime.datetime(1900, 1, 1, 0, 0),
datetime.datetime(1900, 1, 1, 0, 15),
datetime.datetime(1900, 1, 1, 0, 30),
datetime.datetime(1900, 1, 1, 0, 45),
datetime.datetime(1900, 1, 1, 1, 0),
...

最后，您可以将日期时间对象格式化为 str 表示形式。

array = [i.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M%:%S') for i in array]

print array
['1900-01-01 00:00:00',
 '1900-01-01 00:15:00',
 '1900-01-01 00:30:00',
 '1900-01-01 00:45:00',
 '1900-01-01 01:00:00',
...

您可以在第一次迭代时格式化日期时间对象。但它可能会伤害你的眼睛

array.append((start + timedelta(seconds=i)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M%:%S'))

【讨论】：

我喜欢这段代码，并根据要求使用您的作品开发我的脚本。谢谢毛罗

【解决方案5】：

我将提供一个不处理时区的解决方案，因为问题在于生成日期和时间，之后您可以根据需要设置时区。

您有一个开始日期和开始和结束时间（每天），加上这些日期时间的间隔（以分钟为单位）。这个想法是创建一个代表时间间隔的timedelta 对象并重复更新日期时间直到我们到达结束时间，然后我们提前一天并将时间重置为初始时间并重复。

一个简单的实现可能是：

def make_dates(start_date, number_of_days, start_time, end_time, interval, timezone):
    if isinstance(start_date, datetime.datetime):
        start_date = start_date.date()
    start_date = datetime.datetime.combine(start_date, start_time)
    cur_date = start_date
    num_days_passed = 0
    step = datetime.timedelta(seconds=interval*60)

    while True:
        new_date = cur_date + step
        if new_date.time() > end_time:
            num_days_passed += 1
            if num_days_passed > number_of_days:
                break
            new_date = start_date + datetime.timedelta(days=num_days_passed)
        ret_date, cur_date = cur_date, new_date
        yield ret_date

In [31]: generator = make_dates(datetime.datetime.now(), 3, datetime.time(hour=17), datetime.time(hour=19), 15, None)

In [32]: next(generator)
Out[32]: datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 17, 0)

In [33]: next(generator)
Out[33]: datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 17, 15)

In [34]: list(generator)
Out[34]: 
[datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 17, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 17, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 18, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 18, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 18, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 18, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 2, 19, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 17, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 17, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 17, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 17, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 18, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 18, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 18, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 18, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 3, 19, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 17, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 17, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 17, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 17, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 18, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 18, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 18, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 18, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 4, 19, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 17, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 17, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 17, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 17, 45),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 18, 0),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 18, 15),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 18, 30),
 datetime.datetime(2016, 9, 5, 18, 45)]

获得日期时间后，您可以使用strftime 方法将它们转换为字符串。

【讨论】：

谢谢@Bakuriu。我发布了根据发布的答案开发的脚本。

【解决方案6】：

这是我根据问题上发布的答案编写的最终脚本：

from datetime import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
import calendar

current_utc = datetime.utcnow().strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S")

current_year = int(current_utc.split("-")[0])
current_month = int(current_utc.split("-")[1])
current_date = int(current_utc.split("-")[2])
current_hour = int(current_utc.split("-")[3])
current_min = int(current_utc.split("-")[4])
current_sec = int(current_utc.split("-")[5])

#### To make minutes round to quarter ####
min_range_1 = range(1,16)
min_range_2 = range(16,31)
min_range_3 = range(31,46)
min_range_4 = range(46,60)

if current_min in min_range_1:
    current_min = 15
elif current_min in min_range_2:
    current_min = 30
elif current_min in min_range_3:
    current_min = 45
elif current_min in min_range_4:
    current_hour = current_hour + 1
    current_min = 0
else:
    print("Please check current minute.")

current_sec = 00

date_range_31 = range(1,32)
date_range_30 = range(1,31)

month_days_31 = [1,3,5,7,8,10,12]
month_days_30 = [4,6,9,11]

if current_month in month_days_31:
    if current_date == 31:
        next_day_month = current_month + 1
        next_day_date = 1
    else:
        next_day_month = current_month
        next_day_date = current_date
elif current_month == 2:
    if calendar.isleap(current_year):
        if current_date == 29:
            next_day_month = current_month + 1
            next_day_date = 1
        else:
            next_day_month = current_month
            next_day_date = current_date
    else:
        if current_date == 28:
            next_day_month = current_month + 1
            next_day_date = 1
        else:
            next_day_month = current_month
            next_day_date = current_date
elif current_month in month_days_30:
    if current_date == 30:
        next_day_month = current_month + 1
        next_day_date = 1
    else:
        next_day_month = current_month
        next_day_date = current_date
else:
    print("Please check the current month and date to procedd further.")

if current_hour < 11:
    current_hour = 11
    current_min = 15
    next_day_date = current_date + 1

current_start = datetime(current_year,current_month,current_date,current_hour,current_min,current_sec)
current_end = datetime(current_year,current_month,current_date,21,15,0)

next_day_start = datetime(current_year,next_day_month,next_day_date,11,15,0)
next_day_end = datetime(current_year,next_day_month,next_day_date,21,15,0)

current_seconds = (current_end - current_start).total_seconds()
next_day_seconds = (next_day_end - next_day_start).total_seconds()

step = timedelta(minutes=15)

current_day_array = []
next_day_array = []

for i in range(0, int(current_seconds), int(step.total_seconds())):
    current_day_array.append(current_start + timedelta(seconds=i))

for i in range(0, int(next_day_seconds), int(step.total_seconds())):
    current_day_array.append(next_day_start + timedelta(seconds=i))

current_day_array = [i.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M%:%SZ') for i in current_day_array]

print current_day_array

产生以下输出：

['2016-09-03T11:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T11:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T11:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T12:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T12:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T12:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T12:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T13:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T13:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T13:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T13:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T14:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T14:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T14:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T14:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T15:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T15:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T15:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T15:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T16:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T16:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T16:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T16:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T17:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T17:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T17:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T17:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T18:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T18:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T18:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T18:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T19:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T19:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T19:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T19:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T20:00:00Z', '2016-09-03T20:15:00Z', '2016-09-03T20:30:00Z', '2016-09-03T20:45:00Z', '2016-09-03T21:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T11:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T11:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T11:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T12:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T12:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T12:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T12:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T13:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T13:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T13:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T13:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T14:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T14:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T14:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T14:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T15:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T15:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T15:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T15:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T16:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T16:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T16:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T16:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T17:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T17:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T17:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T17:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T18:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T18:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T18:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T18:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T19:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T19:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T19:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T19:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T20:00:00Z', '2016-09-04T20:15:00Z', '2016-09-04T20:30:00Z', '2016-09-04T20:45:00Z', '2016-09-04T21:00:00Z']

【讨论】：

请注意，StackOverflow Markdown 不是 GitHub 风格。所以不要使用三重反引号来引用，只需将所有内容缩进 4 个空格（或者只是粘贴代码，选择它然后按 Ctrl+K 或 {} 按钮）