【发布时间】:2014-12-07 11:03:53
【问题描述】:
好的,我已经调试了几个小时了,但还是无处可去。我正在尝试测试一个简单的递归使用二叉树。
在测试时,我在 main 的 print_attributes 函数的第三次调用中遇到堆栈溢出(如下所述)。对调用堆栈的快速检查表明,它充满了对 binTree 的 binTree 高度(Node * node) 的数百次调用(也在下面注明)。当我“转到”调用堆栈中的调用时,它会将我带到 size(Node * node) 对 leftside = size(node->left) 的调用(也在下面提到)。我不知道这应该表明什么,因为这些函数都不会互相调用。
这是发生堆栈溢出时编译器正确显示的图像(我使用的是 VS2013): http://puu.sh/ca3ti/e00f653282.png
然后是编译器的图像,在中断并单击调用堆栈中的任何 height() 调用后:http://puu.sh/ca2Qz/d35348ccce.png
考虑到它(似乎是)在使用 bintree 的 height() 和/或 size() 函数之前很好地将节点插入树中,我不知道为什么相同的函数在这里开始出现问题。很抱歉无法更清楚地解释问题所在。我已经编码了几年,但我真的迷失了。我试图提供尽可能多的信息。非常感谢任何花时间提供帮助的人。
节点类:
#include "340.h"
#ifndef H_NODE
#define H_NODE
// definition for class of nodes in bin tree
template < class T > class binTree; // forward declaration
template < class T >
class Node {
friend class binTree < T >; // binTree is friend
public:
// default constructor
Node ( const T& x = T ( ), Node < T >* l = 0, Node < T >* r = 0 ) :
data ( x ), left ( l ), right ( r ) { }
private:
T data; // data component
Node < T > *left, *right; // left and right links
};
#endif
NodeTree 类:
#include "Node.h"
#ifndef H_TREE
#define H_TREE
template < class T > class binTree {
public:
binTree(Node < T >* emptyroot = nullptr) : // default constructor
root(emptyroot) { }
bool empty() const // checks if tree empty
{
if (root == 0)
return true;
else
return false;
}
unsigned size() const // returns no of nodes
{
if (root == 0)
return 0;
else
return size(root);
}
unsigned height() const // returns height of tree
{
if (root == 0)
return 0;
else
return height(root);
}
virtual void insert(const T& t) // inserts a node in shortest subtree
{
if (empty())
{
Node< T >* n = new Node< T >;
n->data = t;
root = n;
}
else
insert(root, t);
}
protected:
Node < T >* root; // root of tree
private:
unsigned size(Node < T >* node) const // private version of size ( )
{
unsigned leftside;
unsigned rightside;
if (node->left == 0)
leftside = 0;
else
leftside = size(node->left); //******issue(?) here******
if (node->right == 0)
rightside = 0;
else
rightside = size(node->right);
return(leftside + rightside + 1);
}
unsigned height(Node < T >* node) const // private version of height ( )
//*****issue(?) here************
{
unsigned leftside;
unsigned rightside;
if (node->left == 0)
leftside = 0;
else
leftside = height(node->left);
if (node->right == 0)
rightside = 0;
else
rightside = height(node->right);
return 1 + max(leftside, rightside);
}
void insert(Node < T >* node, const T& t) // private version of insert ( )
{
if (node->left == 0)
{
Node< T >* n = new Node< T >;
n->data = t;
root = n;
node->left = n;
return;
}
else if (node->right == 0)
{
Node< T >* n = new Node< T >;
n->data = t;
root = n;
node->right = n;
return;
}
unsigned lefth = height(node->left);
unsigned righth = height(node->right);
if (lefth <= righth)
{
insert(node->left, t);
}
else
{
insert(node->right, t);
}
}
};
#endif
主要:
#include "binTree.h"
// vectors used in testing
const vector < int > A { 1, -2, 3, -4, 5, -6, 7, -8, 9, -10, 11, -12,
13, -14, 15 };
// prints out val passed as argument
template < class T > void print ( T& x ) { cout << x << ' '; }
// increments val passed as argument
template < class T > void increment ( T& x ) { x++; }
// decrements val passed as argument
template < class T > void decrement ( T& x ) { x--; }
// prints out attributes, such as size and height of bin tree,
// and prints out data val in each node in inorder, preorder,
// and postorder
template < class T >
void print_attributes ( binTree < T >& tree, const string& name )
{
cout << name; // print name of tree
// check if tree is empty
cout << ": tree is " << ( tree.empty ( ) ? "" : "not " ) << "empty\n";
// print size and height of tree
cout << "\tno of nodes = " << setw ( 2 ) << tree.size ( )
<< "\n\theight of tree = " << setw ( 2 ) << tree.height ( )
<< endl << endl; //*******issue here************
system("pause");
return 0;
}
【问题讨论】:
标签: c++ pointers recursion binary-tree stack-overflow