我有多个 Tkinter 列表框，我使用单个滚动条一起滚动，但我也希望它们一起滚动以在任何列表框上进行鼠标滚轮活动。
如何做到这一点？
我当前的代码基于此处讨论的最后一个模式：http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/listbox.htm 仅使用滚动条时工作正常，但使用鼠标滚轮时列表框独立滚动。
【问题讨论】：
标签： python listbox scrollbar tkinter mousewheel
我知道这已经很老了，但我认为解决方案比这里提供的解决方案要简单一些。假设您总是希望列表框一致，那么以上两个答案甚至都不是完整的解决方案 - 通过箭头键更改选择将滚动一个列表框，而不滚动另一个列表框。
所以，看着答案，我问 - 为什么他们不挂钩 yscrollcommand 回调而不是直接将其发送到滚动条？所以，我就是这样做的：
try:
from Tkinter import *
except ImportError:
from tkinter import *
class MultipleScrollingListbox(Tk):
def __init__(self):
Tk.__init__(self)
self.title('Scrolling Multiple Listboxes')
#the shared scrollbar
self.scrollbar = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical')
#note that yscrollcommand is set to a custom method for each listbox
self.list1 = Listbox(self, yscrollcommand=self.yscroll1)
self.list1.pack(fill='y', side='left')
self.list2 = Listbox(self, yscrollcommand=self.yscroll2)
self.list2.pack(expand=1, fill='both', side='left')
self.scrollbar.config(command=self.yview)
self.scrollbar.pack(side='right', fill='y')
#fill the listboxes with stuff
for x in xrange(30):
self.list1.insert('end', x)
self.list2.insert('end', x)
#I'm sure there's probably a slightly cleaner way to do it than this
#Nevertheless - whenever one listbox updates its vertical position,
#the method checks to make sure that the other one gets updated as well.
#Without the check, I *think* it might recurse infinitely.
#Never tested, though.
def yscroll1(self, *args):
if self.list2.yview() != self.list1.yview():
self.list2.yview_moveto(args[0])
self.scrollbar.set(*args)
def yscroll2(self, *args):
if self.list1.yview() != self.list2.yview():
self.list1.yview_moveto(args[0])
self.scrollbar.set(*args)
def yview(self, *args):
self.list1.yview(*args)
self.list2.yview(*args)
if __name__ == "__main__":
root = MultipleScrollingListbox()
root.mainloop()
【讨论】：
解决问题的方法与将两个小部件连接到单个滚动条的方法几乎相同：为鼠标滚轮创建自定义绑定，并让这些绑定影响两个列表框，而不仅仅是一个。
唯一真正的诀窍是知道您会根据平台获得不同的鼠标滚轮事件：Windows 和 Mac 获得 <MouseWheel> 事件，linux 获得 <Button-4> 和 <Button-5> 事件。
这是一个示例，在我的 Mac 上使用 python 2.5 进行了测试：
import Tkinter as tk
class App:
def __init__(self):
self.root=tk.Tk()
self.vsb = tk.Scrollbar(orient="vertical", command=self.OnVsb)
self.lb1 = tk.Listbox(self.root, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
self.lb2 = tk.Listbox(self.root, yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
self.vsb.pack(side="right",fill="y")
self.lb1.pack(side="left",fill="x", expand=True)
self.lb2.pack(side="left",fill="x", expand=True)
self.lb1.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)
self.lb2.bind("<MouseWheel>", self.OnMouseWheel)
for i in range(100):
self.lb1.insert("end","item %s" % i)
self.lb2.insert("end","item %s" % i)
self.root.mainloop()
def OnVsb(self, *args):
self.lb1.yview(*args)
self.lb2.yview(*args)
def OnMouseWheel(self, event):
self.lb1.yview("scroll", event.delta,"units")
self.lb2.yview("scroll",event.delta,"units")
# this prevents default bindings from firing, which
# would end up scrolling the widget twice
return "break"
app=App()
【讨论】：
这是我当前的解决方案，编码为独立函数（是的，它应该是一个对象）。
功能/要求：
代码：
def showLists(l, *lists):
"""
Present passed equal-length lists in adjacent scrollboxes.
"""
# This exists mainly for me to start learning about Tkinter.
# This widget reqires at least one list be passed, and as many additional
# lists as desired. Each list is displayed in its own listbox, with
# additional listboxes added to the right as needed to display all lists.
# The width of each listbox is set to match the max width of its contents.
# Caveat: Too wide or too many lists, and the widget can be wider than the screen!
# The listboxes scroll together, using either the scrollbar or mousewheel.
# :TODO: Refactor as an object with methods.
# :TODO: Move to a separate file when other widgets are built.
# Check arguments
if (l is None) or (len(l) < 1):
return
listOfLists = [l] # Form a list of lists for subsequent processing
listBoxes = [] # List of listboxes
if len(lists) > 0:
for list in lists:
# All lists must match length of first list
# :TODO: Add tail filling for short lists, with error for long lists
if len(list) != len(l):
return
listOfLists.append(list)
import Tkinter
def onVsb(*args):
"""
When the scrollbar moves, scroll the listboxes.
"""
for lb in listBoxes:
lb.yview(*args)
def onMouseWheel(event):
"""
Convert mousewheel motion to scrollbar motion.
"""
if (event.num == 4): # Linux encodes wheel as 'buttons' 4 and 5
delta = -1
elif (event.num == 5):
delta = 1
else: # Windows & OSX
delta = event.delta
for lb in listBoxes:
lb.yview("scroll", delta, "units")
# Return 'break' to prevent the default bindings from
# firing, which would end up scrolling the widget twice.
return "break"
# Create root window and scrollbar
root = Tkinter.Tk()
root.title('Samples w/ time step < 0')
vsb = Tkinter.Scrollbar(root, orient=Tkinter.VERTICAL, command=onVsb)
vsb.pack(side=Tkinter.RIGHT, fill=Tkinter.Y)
# Create listboxes
for i in xrange(0,len(listOfLists)):
lb = Tkinter.Listbox(root, yscrollcommand=vsb.set)
lb.pack(side=Tkinter.LEFT, fill=Tkinter.BOTH)
# Bind wheel events on both Windows/OSX & Linux;
lb.bind("<MouseWheel>", onMouseWheel)
lb.bind("<Button-4>", onMouseWheel)
lb.bind("<Button-5>", onMouseWheel)
# Fill the listbox
maxWidth = 0
for item in listOfLists[i]:
s = str(item)
if len(s) > maxWidth:
maxWidth = len(s)
lb.insert(Tkinter.END, s)
lb.config(width=maxWidth+1)
listBoxes.append(lb) # Add listbox to list of listboxes
# Show the widget
Tkinter.mainloop()
# End of showLists()
欢迎提出改进建议！
【讨论】：
我制定了一个非常简单的程序解决方案。在查看教程点站点以获取有关如何将滚动条用于一个小部件 (https://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/tk_scrollbar.htm) 的信息后，我对其进行了调整以同时滚动多个文本框（您可以更改代码以使其使用列表框）。当您使用滚动条时，此解决方案将更新所有三个文本框。
import tkinter as tk
HEIGHT = 200
WIDTH = 300
def scroll(x, y):
l_textbox.yview(x,y)
m_textbox.yview(x,y)
r_textbox.yview(x,y)
root = tk.Tk()
canvas = tk.Canvas(root,height = HEIGHT, width = WIDTH, bg = "white")
canvas.pack()
frame = tk.Frame(root, bg ='white')
frame.place(relx=0,rely=0,relwidth=1,relheight=1)
scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar(frame)
l_label = tk.Label (frame, text = "Left")
l_label.place(relx=0, rely=0)
m_label = tk.Label (frame, text= "Middle")
m_label.place(relx=0.3, rely=0)
r_label = tk.Label (frame, text= "Right")
r_label.place(relx=0.6, rely=0)
l_textbox = tk.Text(frame, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set)
l_textbox.config(font = ('Arial',9))
l_textbox.place(relx=0, rely=0.2,relwidth=0.3,relheight=0.8)
m_textbox = tk.Text(frame, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set)
m_textbox.config(font = ('Arial',9))
m_textbox.place(relx=0.3, rely=0.2,relwidth=0.3,relheight=0.8)
r_textbox = tk.Text(frame, yscrollcommand = scrollbar.set)
r_textbox.config(font = ('Arial',9))
r_textbox.place(relx=0.6, rely=0.2,relwidth=0.3,relheight=0.8)
scrollbar.config( command = scroll)
scrollbar.place(relx = 0.9, relwidth = 0.1,relheight = 1)
for i in range(0, 100):
l_textbox.insert(tk.INSERT, str(i)+"\n")
m_textbox.insert(tk.INSERT, str(i)+"\n")
r_textbox.insert(tk.INSERT, str(i)+"\n")
l_textbox.place()
m_textbox.place()
r_textbox.place()
root.mainloop()
【讨论】：