在文本文件 Perl 中打印词频

Question

我正在尝试打印行数、字数、字符数，并打印出文件中的单词以及它们出现的次数。最后一部分出现错误（即打印出单词及其出现）。其他一切正常。

我得到的错误信息：

Bareword found where operator expected at wc.pl line 34, near ""Number of lines: $lcnt\","Frequency"
        (Missing operator before Frequency?)
syntax error at wc.pl line 34, near ""Number of lines: $lcnt\","Frequency of "
Can't find string terminator '"' anywhere before EOF at wc.pl line 34.

这是我的代码：

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use warnings;
use strict;


my $lcnt = 0;
my $wcnt = 0;
my $ccnt = 0;
my %count;
my $word;
my $count;

open my $INFILE, '<', $ARGV[0] or die $!;

while( my $line = <$INFILE> ) {

$lcnt++;

$ccnt += length($line);

my @words = split(/\s+/, $line);

$wcnt += scalar(@words);

        foreach $count(@words) {
            $count{@words}++;
        }
}

foreach $word (sort keys %count) {


print "Number of characters: $ccnt\n","Number of words: $wcnt\n","Number of lines: $lcnt\","Frequency of words in the file: $word : $count{$word}";

}

close $INFILE;

这是我需要它做的：

来自 txt 文件的示例输入：

This is a test, another test
#test# 234test test234

样本输出：

Number of characters: 52
Number of words: 9
Number of lines: 2
Frequency of words in the file:
--------------------------------
#test#: 1
234test: 1
This: 1
a: 1
another: 1
is: 1
test: 1
test,: 1
test234: 1

任何帮助将不胜感激！

Answer 1

看起来你打算做一个 \n 而是做了一个 \" ，它转义了字符串引号的结尾。

变化自；

... "Number of lines: $lcnt\","Frequency of ...

到;

... "Number of lines: $lcnt\n","Frequency of ...

Answer 2

您的代码中存在一些逻辑错误和变量误用。对于逻辑错误，你真的只需要打印一次“字符数”，但是你把它和其他一些应该只打印一次的人一起放在一个循环中。将它们拉出循环。

接下来，您的计数不正确；您实际上从未在foreach $count (@words) 行中使用过这个词。这就是我所说的变量滥用； “$count{@words}++”绝对不是你想要的。

还有一个错字，导致 Perl 发出语法错误。那是\n 中缺少的n。一个简单的修复。

最后，我们将尝试在尽可能窄的范围内更好地声明变量。下面是它的外观：

my $lcnt = 0;
my $wcnt = 0;
my $ccnt = 0;
my %count;

while( my $line = <DATA> ) {

    $lcnt++;
    $ccnt += length($line);

    my @words = split(/\s+/, $line);
    $wcnt += scalar(@words);

    foreach my $word (@words) {
        $count{$word}++;
    }
}

print "Number of characters: $ccnt\n",
      "Number of words: $wcnt\n",
      "Number of lines: $lcnt\n",
      "Frequency of words in the file:\n",
      "-----------------------------------\n";

foreach my $word (sort keys %count) {
    print "$word: $count{$word}\n";
}

__DATA__
This is a test, another test
#test# 234test test234

为了简单起见，我现在改用__DATA__ 文件句柄。您可以轻松切换回打开输入文件。