如何使用sed在特定单词后添加单引号？

Question

我正在尝试编写一个脚本以在“GOOD”单词之后添加单引号。 例如，我有 file1 ：

//WER GOOD=ONE //WER1 GOOD=TWO2 //PR1 GOOD=THR45 ...

期望的改变是添加单引号：

//WER GOOD='ONE' //WER1 GOOD='TWO2' //PR1 GOOD='THR45' ...

这是我要运行的脚本：

#!/bin/bash

for item in `grep "GOOD" file1 | cut -f2 -d '='`

do

sed -i 's/$item/`\$item/`\/g' file1

done 

提前感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

请您尝试关注一下。

sed "s/\(.*=\)\(.*\)/\1'\2'/"  Input_file

或根据 OP 的评论删除空行使用：

sed "s/\(.*=\)\(.*\)/\1'\2'/;/^$/d"  Input_file

说明：以下仅作说明之用。

sed "              ##Starting sed command from here.
s/                 ##Using s to start substitution process from here.
\(.*=\)\(.*\)      ##Using sed buffer capability to store matched regex into memory, saving everything till = in 1st buffer and rest of line in 2nd memory buffer.
/\1'\2'            ##Now substituting 1st and 2nd memory buffers with \1'\2' as per OP need adding single quotes before = here.
/"  Input_file     ##Closing block for substitution, mentioning Input_file name here.

如果您想将输出保存到 Input_file 本身，请在上述代码中使用-i 选项。

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awk 的第二个解决方案：

awk 'match($0,/=.*/){$0=substr($0,1,RSTART) "\047" substr($0,RSTART+1,RLENGTH) "\047"} 1' Input_file

说明：为上述代码添加说明。

awk '
match($0,/=.*/){                                                     ##Using match function to mmatch everything from = to till end of line.
  $0=substr($0,1,RSTART) "\047" substr($0,RSTART+1,RLENGTH) "\047"   ##Creating value of $0 with sub-strings till value of RSTART and adding ' then sub-strings till end of line adding ' then as per OP need.
}                                                                    ##Where RSTART and RLENGTH are variables which will be SET once a TRUE matched regex is found.
1                                                                    ##1 will print edited/non-edited line.
' Input_file                                                         ##Mentioning Input_file name here.

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第三种解决方案：如果您的 Input_file 中只有 2 个字段，请尝试更简单的 awk：

awk 'BEGIN{FS=OFS="="} {$2="\047" $2 "\047"} 1' Input_file

第三个​​代码的解释：仅用于解释目的，运行请使用上面的代码本身。

awk '                    ##Starting awk program here.
BEGIN{FS=OFS="="}        ##Setting FS and OFS values as = for all line for Input_file here.
{$2="\047" $2 "\047"}    ##Setting $2 value with adding a ' $2 and then ' as per OP need.
1                        ##Mentioning 1 will print edited/non-edited lines here.
' Input_file             ##Mentioning Input_file name here.