如何拆分此字符串？

Question

我试图在有一个完整的 2 位数字被空格包围的地方之前拆分字符串。最终我希望它可以在 Python 中工作，但我一直在使用 sed 进行工作，但我无法弄清楚。

我的测试数据如下所示：

13 13 13 13 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14 14 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15 15 57.18 57.61 57.95 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16 16 56.34 56.76 57.09 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99 17 55.62 56.03 56.36 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73 18 55.01 55.42 55.74 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49 19 54.50 54.91 55.23 19 1:57.74 1:58.56 19 4:08.34 4:09.74 19 8:33.73

我希望它像这样拆分（注意逗号'，'的位置）：

13, 13, 13, 13, 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14, 14, 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87, 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00, 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15, 15 57.18 57.61 57.95, 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58, 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75, 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16, 16 56.34 56.76 57.09, 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63, 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14, 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99, 17 55.62 56.03 56.36, 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99, 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11, 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73, 18 55.01 55.42 55.74, 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63, 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66, 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49, 19 54.50 54.91 55.23, 19 1:57.74 1:58.56, 19 4:08.34 4:09.74, 19 8:33.73

上面的数据是相当规律的，因为两位整数在 [13,19] 范围内，但我应该期望的范围是 [10,99]。

有人可以建议一种方法来执行上述转换吗？我已经用正则表达式处理了一段时间，但我无法涵盖所有​​情况。

Answer 1

添加到VMRuiz's answer，这将为每一行输出一个列表，而不是一个大字符串。我必须更改正则表达式才能使用re.split 而不是re.sub，我不确定它是否等效。

for line in a.split('\n'):
    re.split('(?<=\d{2}) (?=\d{2} |$)', line)

编辑：这肯定是一样的，但有点尴尬：

for line in re.sub('(\d{2}) (?=\d{2}( |$))', '\g<1>,', a).split('\n'):
    line.split(',')

Answer 2

如果你想要一个非正则表达式 Python 解决方案，你可以这样做：

s = """\
13 13 13 13 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14 14 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15 15 57.18 57.61 57.95 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16 16 56.34 56.76 57.09 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99 17 55.62 56.03 56.36 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73 18 55.01 55.42 55.74 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49 19 54.50 54.91 55.23 19 1:57.74 1:58.56 19 4:08.34 4:09.74 19 8:33.73"""


res=""
for line in s.splitlines():
    buf=line.split()
    for i, e in enumerate(buf[1:], 1):
        buf[i-1]+=", " if e.isdigit() else " "
    res+=''.join(buf)+"\n"  

>>> res
13, 13, 13, 13, 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14, 14, 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87, 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00, 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15, 15 57.18 57.61 57.95, 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58, 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75, 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16, 16 56.34 56.76 57.09, 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63, 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14, 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99, 17 55.62 56.03 56.36, 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99, 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11, 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73, 18 55.01 55.42 55.74, 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63, 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66, 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49, 19 54.50 54.91 55.23, 19 1:57.74 1:58.56, 19 4:08.34 4:09.74, 19 8:33.73

在awk 你可以这样做：

awk '{n=split($0,a)
      for (i=2;i<=n;i++)
          printf "%s%s", a[i-1], a[i]~/^[[:digit:]]+$/ ?  ", " : " "
      print a[n]
    }' file
13, 13, 13, 13, 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14, 14, 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87, 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00, 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15, 15 57.18 57.61 57.95, 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58, 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75, 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16, 16 56.34 56.76 57.09, 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63, 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14, 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99, 17 55.62 56.03 56.36, 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99, 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11, 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73, 18 55.01 55.42 55.74, 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63, 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66, 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49, 19 54.50 54.91 55.23, 19 1:57.74 1:58.56, 19 4:08.34 4:09.74, 19 8:33.73

Answer 3

为了 sed 的乐趣，并且因为您似乎对 sed 参考资料感兴趣以便理解。

sed ":a;s/\([^,]\)\(\s[0-9]\{2\}\s\)/\1,\2/;ta"

或

sed -E ":a;s/([^,])(\s[0-9]{2}\s)/\1,\2/;ta"

• 开始循环
  • 寻找
    • , 以外的其他内容，对于稍后循环很重要
    • 一个空格、两个数字和一个空格
  • 用非逗号、逗号和其余部分替换
• 如果替换了某些东西则循环

输出（完全符合期望的输出）：

13, 13, 13, 13, 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14, 14, 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87, 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00, 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15, 15 57.18 57.61 57.95, 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58, 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75, 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16, 16 56.34 56.76 57.09, 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63, 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14, 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99, 17 55.62 56.03 56.36, 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99, 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11, 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73, 18 55.01 55.42 55.74, 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63, 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66, 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49, 19 54.50 54.91 55.23, 19 1:57.74 1:58.56, 19 4:08.34 4:09.74, 19 8:33.73

Answer 4

前瞻断言(?=...)可以解决这个问题：

>>> a = """13 13 13 13 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14 14 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15 15 57.18 57.61 57.95 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16 16 56.34 56.76 57.09 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99 17 55.62 56.03 56.36 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73 18 55.01 55.42 55.74 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49 19 54.50 54.91 55.23 19 1:57.74 1:58.56 19 4:08.34 4:09.74 19 8:33.73"""

>>> print(re.sub("(\d{2}) (?=\d{2}( |$))","\g<1>, ", a))
13, 13, 13, 13, 13 9:07.18 9:12.09 9:15.65
14, 14, 14 2:04.86 2:05.99 2:06.87, 14 4:21.51 4:23.51 4:25.00, 14 8:56.28 9:01.09 9:04.58
15, 15 57.18 57.61 57.95, 15 2:02.61 2:03.72 2:04.58, 15 4:17.31 4:19.28 4:20.75, 15 8:47.15 8:51.87 8:55.30
16, 16 56.34 56.76 57.09, 16 2:00.69 2:01.78 2:02.63, 16 4:13.75 4:15.69 4:17.14, 16 8:39.71 8:44.37 8:47.75
17 25.69 25.85 25.99, 17 55.62 56.03 56.36, 17 1:59.07 2:00.15 2:00.99, 17 4:10.76 4:12.69 4:14.11, 17 8:33.73 8:38.34 8:41.68
18 25.43 25.59 25.73, 18 55.01 55.42 55.74, 18 1:57.74 1:58.81 1:59.63, 18 4:08.34 4:10.24 4:11.66, 18 8:33.73 8:37.04
19 25.20 25.36 25.49, 19 54.50 54.91 55.23, 19 1:57.74 1:58.56, 19 4:08.34 4:09.74, 19 8:33.73

所以，正则表达式。你需要 is(\d{2}) (?=\d{2}( |$)) 这意味着：

1. (\d{2}) => 在第 1 组中存储 2 个数字并匹配一个额外的空格。
2. (?=\d{2}( |$)) => 匹配 2 个数字和 1 个空格或 EOL，但不要使用它们。

这里的关键是不消费第二个匹配组，下次应用子函数时会再次处理。最后，\g<1>, 将用相同的数字和附加的, 替换 1.。