Python matplotlib 在 Windows 7 上为 freetype、png 包安装问题

Question

在 Windows 7 上使用 Python 2.7。这是我用来安装的命令和错误消息。想知道以前有没有人遇到过类似的问题？谢谢。

C:\Python27\Scripts>pip install matplotlib
Collecting matplotlib
  Downloading matplotlib-1.5.2.tar.gz (51.6MB)
    100% |################################| 51.6MB 19kB/s
    Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:
    ============================================================================

    Edit setup.cfg to change the build options

    BUILDING MATPLOTLIB
                matplotlib: yes [1.5.2]
                    python: yes [2.7.11 (v2.7.11:6d1b6a68f775, Dec  5 2015,
                            20:40:30) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)]]
                  platform: yes [win32]

    REQUIRED DEPENDENCIES AND EXTENSIONS
                     numpy: yes [version 1.11.1]
                  dateutil: yes [dateutil was not found. It is required for date

                            axis support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                      pytz: yes [pytz was not found. pip will attempt to install

                            it after matplotlib.]
                    cycler: yes [cycler was not found. pip will attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                   tornado: yes [tornado was not found. It is required for the
                            WebAgg backend. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                 pyparsing: yes [pyparsing was not found. It is required for
                            mathtext support. pip/easy_install may attempt to
                            install it after matplotlib.]
                    libagg: yes [pkg-config information for 'libagg' could not
                            be found. Using local copy.]
                  freetype: no  [The C/C++ header for freetype (ft2build.h)
                            could not be found.  You may need to install the
                            development package.]
                       png: no  [The C/C++ header for png (png.h) could not be
                            found.  You may need to install the development
                            package.]
                     qhull: yes [pkg-config information for 'qhull' could not be

                            found. Using local copy.]

    OPTIONAL SUBPACKAGES
               sample_data: yes [installing]
                  toolkits: yes [installing]
                     tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the
                            matplotlib test suite. Please install it with pip or

                            your preferred tool to run the test suite / mock is
                            required to run the matplotlib test suite. Please
                            install it with pip or your preferred tool to run
                            the test suite]
            toolkits_tests: yes [nose 0.11.1 or later is required to run the
                            matplotlib test suite. Please install it with pip or

                            your preferred tool to run the test suite / mock is
                            required to run the matplotlib test suite. Please
                            install it with pip or your preferred tool to run
                            the test suite]

    OPTIONAL BACKEND EXTENSIONS
                    macosx: no  [Mac OS-X only]
                    qt5agg: no  [PyQt5 not found]
                    qt4agg: no  [PySide not found; PyQt4 not found]
                   gtk3agg: no  [Requires pygobject to be installed.]
                 gtk3cairo: no  [Requires cairocffi or pycairo to be installed.]

                    gtkagg: no  [Requires pygtk]
                     tkagg: yes [installing; run-time loading from Python Tcl /
                            Tk]
                     wxagg: no  [requires wxPython]
                       gtk: no  [Requires pygtk]
                       agg: yes [installing]
                     cairo: no  [cairocffi or pycairo not found]
                 windowing: yes [installing]

    OPTIONAL LATEX DEPENDENCIES
                    dvipng: no
               ghostscript: no
                     latex: no
                   pdftops: no

    OPTIONAL PACKAGE DATA
                      dlls: no  [skipping due to configuration]

    ============================================================================

                            * The following required packages can not be built:
                            * freetype, png

    ----------------------------------------
Command "python setup.py egg_info" failed with error code 1 in c:\users\foo\a
ppdata\local\temp\pip-build-zxfsow\matplotlib\

Answer 1

如您所见，缺少 png 和 freetype 模块。您需要单独安装它们。

尝试执行以下操作：

> pip install freetype-py
> pip install pypng
> pip install matplotlib

Answer 2

我通过 1.5.1 版本解决了这个问题

pip install matplotlib==1.5.1

1.5.2 版的安装程序好像坏了。

Answer 3

http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

从上面的位置获取 matplotlib。根据python(2.x/3.x)和bit(32/64)版本选择正确的包。

32-bit 2.7: matplotlib-1.5.2-cp27-cp27m-win32.whl
64-bit 2.7: matplotlib-1.5.2-cp27-cp27m-win_amd64.whl

如果您在中间遇到任何问题，请参考以下链接： https://stackoverflow.com/a/38618044/5334188

Answer 4

我遇到了完全相同的问题。

似乎我的 pip 是旧的 v7。 使用“升级”按钮升级到 v9。 然后再次尝试安装matplotlib，这次成功了。

也许这有帮助

Answer 5

我遇到了同样的问题，这是我的解决方案

python 3.6 与最新的 pip 集成存在问题。 所以我用pip安装了python 3.5.2，但不升级pip。 这样就可以安装matplotlib了。

希望我能提供一个可能的解决方案

Answer 6

我在 Wİndows 10 中解决了同样的问题，如下所示：

1-下载win32或win64 python3.7的以下文件：

matplotlib-2.2.2-cp27-cp37m-win32.whl

或

matplotlib-2.2.2-cp27-cp37m-win_amd64.whl

来自https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

2-通过cmd控制台在python下运行下载的文件：

.\Downloads> python -m pip install matplotlib-2.2.2-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl

你可以试试matplolib

Answer 7

我今天用Python 3.8.0 遇到了这个问题，在我安装freetype-py 后用matplotlib==3.2.0rc1 安装成功。

Answer 8

在 Windows 10 上安装特定的 matplotlib 版本 2.2.5 对我有用。

通过 pip 安装特定版本的命令：

pip install matplotlib==2.2.5