【发布时间】：2019-05-31 20:59:46
【问题描述】：
我正在阅读来自 APUE https://github.com/hayatoito/apue-2e/blob/master/sockets/ruptime.c 的套接字客户端示例。我没有发现它关闭或关闭它的套接字。一般来说，客户端不必关闭其套接字文件描述符是真的吗？客户端何时需要关闭其套接字文件描述符，何时不需要？
为了比较，它的服务器在最后关闭了套接字：https://github.com/hayatoito/apue-2e/blob/master/sockets/ruptimed.c
客户：
#include "apue.h"
#include <netdb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define MAXADDRLEN 256
#define BUFLEN 128
extern int connect_retry(int, const struct sockaddr *, socklen_t);
void
print_uptime(int sockfd)
{
int n;
char buf[BUFLEN];
while ((n = recv(sockfd, buf, BUFLEN, 0)) > 0)
write(STDOUT_FILENO, buf, n);
if (n < 0)
err_sys("recv error");
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct addrinfo *ailist, *aip;
struct addrinfo hint;
int sockfd, err;
if (argc != 2)
err_quit("usage: ruptime hostname");
hint.ai_flags = 0;
hint.ai_family = 0;
hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hint.ai_protocol = 0;
hint.ai_addrlen = 0;
hint.ai_canonname = NULL;
hint.ai_addr = NULL;
hint.ai_next = NULL;
if ((err = getaddrinfo(argv[1], "ruptime", &hint, &ailist)) != 0)
err_quit("getaddrinfo error: %s", gai_strerror(err));
for (aip = ailist; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) {
if ((sockfd = socket(aip->ai_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0)
err = errno;
if (connect_retry(sockfd, aip->ai_addr, aip->ai_addrlen) < 0) {
err = errno;
} else {
print_uptime(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
}
fprintf(stderr, "can't connect to %s: %s\n", argv[1], strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
服务器：
#include "apue.h"
#include <netdb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <syslog.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define BUFLEN 128
#define QLEN 10
#ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
#define HOST_NAME_MAX 256
#endif
extern int initserver(int, struct sockaddr *, socklen_t, int);
void
serve(int sockfd)
{
int clfd;
FILE *fp;
char buf[BUFLEN];
for (;;) {
clfd = accept(sockfd, NULL, NULL);
if (clfd < 0) {
syslog(LOG_ERR, "ruptimed: accept error: %s", strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
if ((fp = popen("/usr/bin/uptime", "r")) == NULL) {
sprintf(buf, "error: %s\n", strerror(errno));
send(clfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
} else {
while (fgets(buf, BUFLEN, fp) != NULL)
send(clfd, buf, strlen(buf), 0);
pclose(fp);
}
close(clfd);
}
}
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct addrinfo *ailist, *aip;
struct addrinfo hint;
int sockfd, err, n;
char *host;
if (argc != 1)
err_quit("usage: ruptimed");
#ifdef _SC_HOST_NAME_MAX
n = sysconf(_SC_HOST_NAME_MAX);
if (n < 0) /* best guess */
#endif
n = HOST_NAME_MAX;
host = malloc(n);
if (host == NULL)
err_sys("malloc error");
if (gethostname(host, n) < 0)
err_sys("gethostname error");
daemonize("ruptimed");
hint.ai_flags = AI_CANONNAME;
hint.ai_family = 0;
hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
hint.ai_protocol = 0;
hint.ai_addrlen = 0;
hint.ai_canonname = NULL;
hint.ai_addr = NULL;
hint.ai_next = NULL;
if ((err = getaddrinfo(host, "ruptime", &hint, &ailist)) != 0) {
syslog(LOG_ERR, "ruptimed: getaddrinfo error: %s",
gai_strerror(err));
exit(1);
}
for (aip = ailist; aip != NULL; aip = aip->ai_next) {
if ((sockfd = initserver(SOCK_STREAM, aip->ai_addr,
aip->ai_addrlen, QLEN)) >= 0) {
serve(sockfd);
exit(0);
}
}
exit(1);
}
【问题讨论】：
-
进程退出时关闭打开的描述符。
-
但是，在程序中不再使用套接字后，最好始终明确地关闭它们。因此，您的示例在这方面有点草率。
-
@JamesKPolk 但是服务器关闭了它的套接字。所以我猜这可能是客户不这样做的原因。
-
原因是代码错误。没有什么神秘的。