套接字聊天室 - python 3.7

Question

这是我一直在开发的一个 python 聊天室，它可以让你通过 python 与同一网络上的其他人聊天

主持人：

import socket
import sys
import time

s = socket.socket()
host = socket.gethostname()
port = 8080
s.bind((host,port))
print("")
print("Sever adress is", host)
print("")
name = input(str("Please enter your username : "))
s.listen(1)
print("")
print("Waiting for any incoming connections ... ")
print("")
conn, addr = s.accept()
print("Recieved connection")

#connection done ###

s_name = conn.recv(1024)
s_name = s_name.decode()
print("")
print(s_name, "has connected to the chat room")
print("")
conn.send(name.encode())

## messaging loop ##

while 1:
    message = input(str("Please enter enter your message : "))
    print("")
    conn.send(message.encode())
    message = conn.recv(1024)
    message = message.decode()
    print("")
    print(name,": ",message)
    print("")

客户：

import socket
import sys
import time

print("Welcome to python chat ")
print("")
print("Initiallsing....")
time.sleep(1)

s = socket.socket()
print("")
host = input(str("Please enter server adress : "))
print("")
name = input(str("Please enter your name : "))
port = 8080
print("")
time.sleep(1)
s.connect((host,port))
print("Connected...")

## Conection done ##

s.send(name.encode())
s_name = s.recv(1024)
s_name = s_name.decode()
print("")
print( s_name, "has joined the chat room ")

while 1:
    message = s.recv(1024)
    message = message.decode()
    print("")
    print(name,": ",message)
    print("")
    message = input(str("Please enter your enter message : "))
    print("")
    s.send(message.encode())

我有两个问题，第一个问题是它一次只允许一个人说话，我的意思是如果你先发送一条消息，你将无法发送另一条消息，直到另一个人有回应。第二个问题是此代码仅适用于 2 个用户，我希望它适用于多个用户

编辑：

也可以有人准确地给出一个适当的解决方案，而不是告诉我重新开始，因为我花了很长时间才弄清楚如何在这个地方制作这个系统。

谢谢

Answer 1

您需要为发送和接收创建两个单独的线程。您编写循环的方式不能同时用于双向通信。因为在发送消息后，循环正在等待接收某些东西。 [如果您想通过 Internet 运行代码，请将 localhost 替换为 HOST = 'localhost' 行中所需的 IP 地址] 让我分享一个解决方案（这是我在上本科网络课程时所做的示例解决方案）：

我已经在 Linux 机器 (Ubuntu 18.04) 上测试了代码。我有学生在他们的 Mac 上成功运行了这个。我不确定它是否在 Windows 机器上运行。即使它不能在 Windows 机器上运行，一些小的修改也应该可以解决问题。

服务器端代码（您需要先运行此代码）：chatServerDuplex.py

# Import socket module
from socket import *
import threading
import sys # In order to terminate the program

FLAG = False  # this is a flag variable for checking quit

# function for receiving message from client
def recv_from_client(conn):
    global FLAG
    try:
        # Receives the request message from the client
        while True:
            if FLAG == True:
                break
            message = conn.recv(1024).decode()
            # if 'q' is received from the client the server quits
            if message == 'q':
                conn.send('q'.encode())
                print('Closing connection')
                conn.close()
                FLAG = True
                break
            print('Client: ' + message)
    except:
        conn.close()


# function for receiving message from client
def send_to_client(conn):
    global FLAG
    try:
        while True:
            if FLAG == True:
                break
            send_msg = input('')
            # the server can provide 'q' as an input if it wish to quit
            if send_msg == 'q':
                conn.send('q'.encode())
                print('Closing connection')
                conn.close()
                FLAG = True
                break
            conn.send(send_msg.encode())
    except:
        conn.close()


# this is main function
def main():
    threads = []
    global FLAG

    # TODO (1) - define HOST name, this would be an IP address or 'localhost' (1 line)
    HOST = 'localhost'
    # TODO (2) - define PORT number (1 line) (Google, what should be a valid port number)
    # make sure the ports are not used for any other application
    serverPort = 6789

    # Create a TCP server socket
    #(AF_INET is used for IPv4 protocols)
    #(SOCK_STREAM is used for TCP)
    # TODO (3) - CREATE a socket for IPv4 TCP connection (1 line)
    serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

    # Bind the socket to server address and server port
    # TODO (4) - bind the socket for HOSR and serverPort (1 line)
    serverSocket.bind((HOST, serverPort))

    # Listen to at most 1 connection at a time
    # TODO (5) - listen and wait for request from client (1 line)
    serverSocket.listen(1)

    # Server should be up and running and listening to the incoming connections
    print('The chat server is ready to connect to a chat client')
    # TODO (6) - accept any connection request from a client (1 line)
    connectionSocket, addr = serverSocket.accept()
    print('Sever is connected with a chat client\n')

    t_rcv = threading.Thread(target=recv_from_client, args=(connectionSocket,))
    t_send = threading.Thread(target=send_to_client, args=(connectionSocket,))
    # call the function to receive message server
    #recv_from_server(clientSocket)
    threads.append(t_rcv)
    threads.append(t_send)
    t_rcv.start()
    t_send.start()

    t_rcv.join()
    t_send.join()


    # closing serverScoket before exiting
    print('EXITING')
    serverSocket.close()
    #Terminate the program after sending the corresponding data
    sys.exit()


# This is where the program starts
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

客户端代码：chatClientDuplex.py

from socket import *
import threading
import sys


FLAG = False  # this is a flag variable for checking quit

# function for receiving message from client
def send_to_server(clsock):
    global FLAG
    while True:
        if FLAG == True:
            break
        send_msg = input('')
        clsock.sendall(send_msg.encode())

# function for receiving message from server
def recv_from_server(clsock):
    global FLAG
    while True:
        data = clsock.recv(1024).decode()
        if data == 'q':
            print('Closing connection')
            FLAG = True
            break
        print('Server: ' + data)

# this is main function
def main():
    threads = []
    # TODO (1) - define HOST name, this would be an IP address or 'localhost' (1 line)
    HOST = 'localhost'  # The server's hostname or IP address
    # TODO (2) - define PORT number (1 line) (Google, what should be a valid port number)
    PORT = 6789        # The port used by the server

    # Create a TCP client socket
    #(AF_INET is used for IPv4 protocols)
    #(SOCK_STREAM is used for TCP)
    # TODO (3) - CREATE a socket for IPv4 TCP connection (1 line)
    clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

    # request to connect sent to server defined by HOST and PORT
    # TODO (4) - request a connection to the server (1 line)
    clientSocket.connect((HOST, PORT))
    print('Client is connected to a chat sever!\n')



    # call the function to send message to server
    #send_to_server(clientSocket)
    t_send = threading.Thread(target=send_to_server, args=(clientSocket,))
    # call the function to receive message server
    #recv_from_server(clientSocket)
    t_rcv = threading.Thread(target=recv_from_server, args=(clientSocket,))
    threads.append(t_send)
    threads.append(t_rcv)
    t_send.start()
    t_rcv.start()

    t_send.join()
    t_rcv.join()

    print('EXITING')
    sys.exit()

# This is where the program starts
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 2

您的第一个问题可能是由于默认情况下 python 套接字是阻塞的。 这意味着，例如，在message = s.recv(1024) 行上，您的程序将继续侦听，并且在收到某些内容之前不会继续执行脚本的其余部分。

如果您希望两个人能够同时接收和发送，您可能需要研究非阻塞套接字和一些异步编程。 官方文档中的这个操作指南可能会对您有所帮助：https://docs.python.org/2/howto/sockets.html#non-blocking-sockets

Answer 3

System123456 问题是当服务器侦听并且客户端连接到它时，您构建了一个客户端-服务器系统。尝试查看点对点系统，而不是每个节点都是平等的。要构建聊天室，您可能需要查看 DHT 节点。