【发布时间】:2016-11-08 02:49:58
【问题描述】:
我一直在玩多处理问题,并注意到我的算法在并行化时比在单线程时慢。
在我的代码中,我不共享内存。 而且我很确定我的算法(见代码),它只是嵌套循环,是 CPU 绑定的。
但是,无论我做什么。并行代码在我所有的计算机上运行速度慢 10-20%。
我还在 20 个 CPU 的虚拟机上运行此程序,并且每次单线程都优于多线程(实际上甚至比我的计算机还慢)。
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool as ThreadPool
from multi import chunks
from random import random
import logging
import time
from multi import chunks
## Product two set of stuff we can iterate over
S = []
for x in range(100000):
S.append({'value': x*random()})
H =[]
for x in range(255):
H.append({'value': x*random()})
# the function for each thread
# just nested iteration
def doStuff(HH):
R =[]
for k in HH['S']:
for h in HH['H']:
R.append(k['value'] * h['value'])
return R
# we will split the work
# between the worker thread and give it
# 5 item each to iterate over the big list
HChunks = chunks(H, 5)
XChunks = []
# turn them into dictionary, so i can pass in both
# S and H list
# Note: I do this because I'm not sure if I use the global
# S, will it spend too much time on cache synchronizatio or not
# the idea is that I dont want each thread to share anything.
for x in HChunks:
XChunks.append({'H': x, 'S': S})
print("Process")
t0 = time.time()
pool = ThreadPool(4)
R = pool.map(doStuff, XChunks)
pool.close()
pool.join()
t1 = time.time()
# measured time for 4 threads is slower
# than when i have this code just do
# doStuff(..) in non-parallel way
# Why!?
total = t1-t0
print("Took", total, "secs")
打开了许多相关问题,但许多问题都针对代码结构不正确 - 每个工作人员都受 IO 限制等。
【问题讨论】:
标签: python multithreading