Python - 如何在一个句子中找到匹配的一个或多个单词

Question

所以我正在尝试为自己制作一个小脚本，其中我有一个或多个单词，并且应该在一个随机句子中找到所有匹配的单词。

等：

Sentence1 = "Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow"

Sentence2 = "Is it beautiful weather"

Sentence3 = "I hope it wont be snowing here soon"

Sentence4 = "How is the weather"

Words = ['I+be', 'it+weather']

---

输出应该是这样的

Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow

Is it beautiful weather

I hope it wont be snowing here soon

而且它不打印第一个和最后一个的原因是它不包含I和Be和it和天气

所以我的问题基本上是如何使每个 + 或任何其他特殊字符，如关键字 1 + 关键字 2 + n（可以从 1 到 n 个单词）并比较这些单词是否在句子中

所以我尝试编写的代码类似于

Sentence = [
    "Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow",
    "Is it beautiful weather", "I hope it wont be snowing here soon",
    "How is the weather"]

Words = ['I', 'it+weather']

for loop_word in Words:
    for loop_setence in Sentence:
        if loop_word in loop_setence:
            print(loop_setence)
            break

但是现在它只打印出第一句话，因为我现在将单词更改为 I。

我想要做的是，包含超过 1 个单词的单词应该在 etc I+be 之间添加一个特殊字符，所以每当句子中有 I 和 Be 时，它​​应该打印它找到了那个句子- 否则不打印任何内容。

所以我要问你的问题是，我希望如何继续我的观点：)？

Answer 1

你可以这样做：

words = ['I+be', 'it+weather']
sentences = ["Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow",
             "Is it beautiful weather", "I hope it wont be snowing here soon", "How is the weather"]

def check_all(sentence, ws):
    return all(w in sentence for w in ws)

for sentence in sentences:
    if any(check_all(sentence, word.split('+')) for word in words):
        print(sentence)

输出

Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow
Is it beautiful weather
I hope it wont be snowing here soon

函数check_all 检查一组单词中的所有单词（例如'I+be'）是否都在句子中。然后，如果句子中有任何一组单词，您应该打印该句子。请注意，您必须先拆分 '+' 以查找组是否匹配。

更新

只匹配整个单词我建议你使用regex，例如：

import re

words = ['I+be', 'it+weather']
sentences = ["Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow",
             "Is it beautiful weather", "I hope it wont be snowing here soon", "How is the weather", "With In be"]


def check_all(sentence, ws):
    """Returns True if all the words are present in the sentence"""
    return all(re.search(r'\b{}\b'.format(w), sentence) for w in ws)


for sentence in sentences:
    if any(check_all(sentence, word.split('+')) for word in words):
        print(sentence)

输出

Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow
Is it beautiful weather
I hope it wont be snowing here soon

请注意，第二个示例的输出中不包含"With In be"。

进一步

1. 请参阅any 和all 上的文档。
2. Python regular expression match whole word

Answer 2

使用filter、any、all 和split

In [22]: Sentence1 = "Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow"
    ...:
    ...: Sentence2 = "Is it beautiful weather"
    ...:
    ...: Sentence3 = "I hope it wont be snowing here soon"
    ...:
    ...: Sentence4 = "How is the weather"
    ...:
    ...: Words = ['I+be', 'it+weather']
    ...:

In [23]: sentences = [Sentence1, Sentence2, Sentence3, Sentence4]

In [27]: list(filter(lambda s: any(all(w in s.split() for w in word.split('+')) for word in Words), sentences))
    ...:
Out[27]:
['Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow',
 'Is it beautiful weather',
 'I hope it wont be snowing here soon']

如果关键字之一在其中一个句子中，则推导式返回 False 的 True 生成器。如果内部容器的所有元素都是True，all 将返回True。相反，如果内部容器的任何元素是 True，any 将返回 True。

检查'be' 不会返回Sentence2

In [43]: Words = ['be']

In [44]: list(filter(lambda s: any(all(w in s.split() for w in word.split('+')) for word in Words), sentences))
Out[44]:
['Hello, I am new here and I hope I will be able to help and get helped from Stackoverflow',
 'I hope it wont be snowing here soon']

请注意，这不会考虑标点符号。 IE。 'Hello' != 'Hello,'