选择除文本块之外的所有内容

Question

我有一个用于分布式网络监控系统的综合主机文件，我需要将其拆分为两个文件。一些主机放在一个文件中，其余的放在另一个文件中。我正在使用sed 来拉出我需要的主机，但我不知道如何将其他所有内容放入另一个文件中，有点像grep 的-v 选项。

主机文件示例：

object Host "router" {
  import "template"
  display_name = "router"
  address = "xx.xx.xx.xx "
}

object Host "switch" {
  import "template"
  display_name = "switch"
  address = "xx.xx.xx.xx "
}

object Host "router" {
  import "template"
  display_name = "router"
  address = "xx.xx.xx.xx "
}

object Host "otherthing" {
  import "template"
  display_name = "otherthing"
  address = "xx.xx.xx.xx "
}

object Host "switch" {
  import "template"
  display_name = "switch"
  address = "xx.xx.xx.xx "
}

object Host "otherthing" {
  import "template"
  display_name = "otherthing"
  address = "xx.xx.xx.xx "
}

我用来拉出路由器的sed 命令

sed '/router.*\n/p;//g;/{$/,/^}/H;//x;D' files/tmp/unsorted-host.tmp >> files/router.conf

另外我不知道排序是否比构建大型主机文件更有效，但这是我制作大型主机文件的方法：

    while read line
        do
                # The SNMP to check the device type outputs on multiple lines, check to ensure we only grab IP's
                getip=$(echo $line | awk '{print $1}')
                if ping -c 1 $getip &> /dev/null
                        then
                        ip=$getip
                        else
                        trash=$getip
                fi
                template="template"
                host_name=$(timeout -s KILL 2 /usr/bin/snmpwalk -v 2c -c community1 $ip 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 | awk '{print $NF}' )
                if [ -z "$host_name" ]
                        then
                        host_name=$(timeout -s KILL 2 /usr/bin/snmpwalk -v 2c -c community2 $ip 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 | awk '{print $NF}' )
                        if [ -z "$host_name" ]
                                then
                                host_name=$(timeout -s KILL 2 /usr/bin/snmpwalk -v 2c -c community3 $ip 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 | awk '{print $NF}' )
                                if [ -z "$host_name" ]
                                        then
                                        host_name=$(timeout -s KILL 2 /usr/bin/snmpwalk -v 2c -c community4 $ip 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 | awk '{print $NF}' )
                                        if [ -z "$host_name" ]
                                                then
                                                host_name=$(timeout -s KILL 2 /usr/bin/snmpwalk -v 2c -c community5 $ip 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 | awk '{print $NF}' )
                                                if [ -z "$host_name" ]
                                                        then
                                                        host_name=$(echo " Not found ")

                                                fi
                                        fi
                                fi
                        fi
                fi
                echo "
object Host $host_name {
  import \"$template\"
  display_name = $host_name
  address = \"$ip \"
}" 
        done < files/tmp/hosts.tmp > files/tmp/unsorted-hosts.tmp

目标是拥有两个文件，一个包含路由器，一个包含其他所有文件。提前感谢您的任何建议！

Answer 1

使用 awk：

awk -v RS= '/router/' hosts.txt > routers.txt
awk -v RS= '!/router/' hosts.txt > non_routers.txt

或使用一个 awk：

awk -v RS= '/router/ {print > "routers.txt"}; !/router/ {print > "non_routers.txt"}' hosts.txt

见：8 Powerful Awk Built-in Variables – FS, OFS, RS, ORS, NR, NF, FILENAME, FNR

Answer 2

这不是答案：我发现嵌套的大 if 很痛苦。快速重写：

while read -r ip rest_of_line; do
    # The SNMP to check the device type outputs on multiple lines, check to ensure we only grab IP's
    ping -c 1 "$ip" &> /dev/null || continue
    template="template"
    host_name=
    for n in 1 2 3 4 5; do
        host_name=$(timeout -s KILL 2 /usr/bin/snmpwalk -v 2c -c community$n "$ip" 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.5.0 | awk '{print $NF}')
        [ -n "$host_name" ] && break
    done
    if [ -z "$host_name" ]; then 
        echo "host not found for ip $ip" >&2
        continue
    fi
    echo "
object Host $host_name {
  import \"$template\"
  display_name = $host_name
  address = \"$ip \"
}" 
done < files/tmp/hosts.tmp > files/tmp/unsorted-hosts.tmp