引用text/template 的文档,{{template}} 操作的语法:
{{template "name"}}
The template with the specified name is executed with nil data.
{{template "name" pipeline}}
The template with the specified name is executed with dot set
to the value of the pipeline.
这意味着您可以将一个可选数据传递给模板执行,而不是更多。如果要传递多个值,则必须将它们包装成您传递的某个值。详情见How to pass multiple data to Go template?
所以我们应该将这些数据包装到结构或映射中。但是我们不能在模板中编写 Go 代码。我们可以做的是注册一个函数,我们将这些数据传递给该函数,该函数可以进行“打包”并返回一个值,现在我们可以将其传递给{{template}} 操作。
这是一个示例包装器,它简单地将这些包装到地图中:
func Wrap(shops []Destination, cityName, regionName string) map[string]interface{} {
return map[string]interface{}{
"Shops": shops,
"CityName": cityName,
"RegionName": regionName,
}
}
可以使用Template.Funcs() 方法注册自定义函数,别忘了在解析模板文本之前必须这样做。
这是一个修改过的模板,它调用这个Wrap() 函数来产生一个值:
const src = `
{{define "data"}}
City: {{.CityName}}, Region: {{.RegionName}}, Shops: {{.Shops}}
{{end}}
{{- range . -}}
{{$city:=.Name}}
{{- range .Regions -}}
{{$region:=.Name}}
{{- template "data" (Wrap .Shops $city $region) -}}
{{end}}
{{- end}}`
下面是一个可运行的示例,展示了这些操作:
t := template.Must(template.New("cities.gohtml").Funcs(template.FuncMap{
"Wrap": Wrap,
}).Parse(src))
CityWithSomeData := []City{
{
Name: "CityA",
Regions: []Region{
{Name: "CA-RA", Shops: []Destination{{"CA-RA-SA"}, {"CA-RA-SB"}}},
{Name: "CA-RB", Shops: []Destination{{"CA-RB-SA"}, {"CA-RB-SB"}}},
},
},
{
Name: "CityB",
Regions: []Region{
{Name: "CB-RA", Shops: []Destination{{"CB-RA-SA"}, {"CB-RA-SB"}}},
{Name: "CB-RB", Shops: []Destination{{"CB-RB-SA"}, {"CB-RB-SB"}}},
},
},
}
if err := t.ExecuteTemplate(os.Stdout, "cities.gohtml", CityWithSomeData); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
输出(在Go Playground 上试试):
City: CityA, Region: CA-RA, Shops: [{CA-RA-SA} {CA-RA-SB}]
City: CityA, Region: CA-RB, Shops: [{CA-RB-SA} {CA-RB-SB}]
City: CityB, Region: CB-RA, Shops: [{CB-RA-SA} {CB-RA-SB}]
City: CityB, Region: CB-RB, Shops: [{CB-RB-SA} {CB-RB-SB}]