Gmail API：尝试发送电子邮件时出现 400 错误请求（PHP 代码）

Question

我希望下面的代码可以发送电子邮件，但我只收到了这个：

发生错误：调用 POST 时出错 https://www.googleapis.com/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send: (400) 不好 请求

我使用谷歌开发者控制台底部的here 得到一个200 OK。有什么帮助吗？

$client_id = '599901532082-js1r50n20q6n5mir9fo1g81qkj9kfn3j.apps.googleusercontent.com';
$service_account_name = '599901532082-js1r50n20q6n5mir9fo1g81qkj9kfn3j@developer.gserviceaccount.com';
$key_file_location = '/tmp/APIProject-cb6558ba6435.p12';

$client = new \Google_Client();
$client->setApplicationName("Client_Library_Examples");
$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);  

if (isset($_SESSION['service_token'])) {
  $client->setAccessToken($_SESSION['service_token']);
}
$key = file_get_contents($key_file_location);
$cred = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials(
  $service_account_name,
  array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose'),
  $key
);
$client->setAssertionCredentials($cred);

if ($client->getAuth()->isAccessTokenExpired()) {
  $client->getAuth()->refreshTokenWithAssertion($cred);
}
//check if you want the validity of this string at: http://www.komeil.com/toolbox/base64decoder
//it is web safe base64 encoded email
$mime = "RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPiANClRvOiBNYXJ5IFNtaXRoIDx0aXJlbmdhcmZpb0BnbWFpbC5jb20-IA0KU3ViamVjdDogU2F5aW5nIEhlbGxvIA0KRGF0ZTogRnJpLCAyMSBOb3YgMTk5NyAwOTo1NTowNiAtMDYwMCANCk1lc3NhZ2UtSUQ6IDwxMjM0QGxvY2FsLm1hY2hpbmUuZXhhbXBsZT4NCg0KVGhpcyBpcyBhIG1lc3NhZ2UganVzdCB0byBzYXkgaGVsbG8uIFNvLCAiSGVsbG8iLg==";


$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);

$msg = new \Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$msg->setRaw($mime);

try {
  $results = $service->users_messages->send("me", $msg);
  print 'Message with ID: ' . $message->getId() . ' sent.';
  return $message;
} catch (\Exception $e) {
  print 'An error occurred: ' . $e->getMessage();

}

编辑：

这是请求对象。它还包括响应数据：

object(Google_Http_Request)[508]
  private 'batchHeaders' => 
    array (size=3)
      'Content-Type' => string 'application/http' (length=16)
      'Content-Transfer-Encoding' => string 'binary' (length=6)
      'MIME-Version' => string '1.0' (length=3)
  protected 'queryParams' => 
    array (size=0)
      empty
  protected 'requestMethod' => string 'POST' (length=4)
  protected 'requestHeaders' => 
    array (size=3)
      'content-type' => string 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' (length=31)
      'authorization' => string 'Bearer ya29.8gEUMiBLfxS8OLdSmpiQ-EcumeATo2qFAfPtPqwTw9fQ2zVrfZaA1X5OLoBmQccrXr8V8g' (length=82)
      'accept-encoding' => string 'gzip' (length=4)
  protected 'baseComponent' => string 'https://www.googleapis.com' (length=26)
  protected 'path' => string '/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send' (length=32)
  protected 'postBody' => string '{"raw":"RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPg0KVG86IE1hcnkgU21pdGggPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmNvbT4NClN1YmplY3Q6IFNheWluZyBIZWxsbw0KDQpUaGlzIGlzIGEgbWVzc2FnZSBqdXN0IHRvIHNheSBoZWxsby4gU28sICdIZWxsbycu"}' (length=214)
  protected 'userAgent' => string 'Client_Library_Examples google-api-php-client/1.0.6-beta (gzip)' (length=63)
  protected 'canGzip' => boolean true
  protected 'responseHttpCode' => null
  protected 'responseHeaders' => null
  protected 'responseBody' => null
  protected 'expectedClass' => string 'Google_Service_Gmail_Message' (length=28)
  public 'accessKey' => null

object(Google_Http_Request)[508]
  private 'batchHeaders' => 
    array (size=3)
      'Content-Type' => string 'application/http' (length=16)
      'Content-Transfer-Encoding' => string 'binary' (length=6)
      'MIME-Version' => string '1.0' (length=3)
  protected 'queryParams' => 
    array (size=0)
      empty
  protected 'requestMethod' => string 'POST' (length=4)
  protected 'requestHeaders' => 
    array (size=4)
      'content-type' => string 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' (length=31)
      'authorization' => string 'Bearer ya29.8gEUM***fxS8OLdSmpiQ-EcumeATo2qFAfPtPqwTw9fQ2zVrfZaA1X5OLoBmQccrXr8V8g' (length=82)
      'accept-encoding' => string 'gzip' (length=4)
      'content-length' => int 214
  protected 'baseComponent' => string 'https://www.googleapis.com' (length=26)
  protected 'path' => string '/gmail/v1/users/me/messages/send' (length=32)
  protected 'postBody' => string '{"raw":"RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPg0KVG86IE1hcnkgU21pdGggPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmNvbT4NClN1YmplY3Q6IFNheWluZyBIZWxsbw0KDQpUaGlzIGlzIGEgbWVzc2FnZSBqdXN0IHRvIHNheSBoZWxsby4gU28sICdIZWxsbycu"}' (length=214)
  protected 'userAgent' => string 'Client_Library_Examples google-api-php-client/1.0.6-beta (gzip)' (length=63)
  protected 'canGzip' => boolean true
  protected 'responseHttpCode' => int 400
  protected 'responseHeaders' => 
    array (size=13)
      'vary' => string 'Origin
X-Origin' (length=15)
      'content-type' => string 'application/json; charset=UTF-8' (length=31)
      'content-encoding' => string 'gzip' (length=4)
      'date' => string 'Fri, 18 Sep 2015 08:34:25 GMT' (length=29)
      'expires' => string 'Fri, 18 Sep 2015 08:34:25 GMT' (length=29)
      'cache-control' => string 'private, max-age=0' (length=18)
      'x-content-type-options' => string 'nosniff' (length=7)
      'x-frame-options' => string 'SAMEORIGIN' (length=10)
      'x-xss-protection' => string '1; mode=block' (length=13)
      'server' => string 'GSE' (length=3)
      'alternate-protocol' => string '443:quic,p=1' (length=12)
      'alt-svc' => string 'quic=":443"; p="1"; ma=604800' (length=29)
      'transfer-encoding' => string 'chunked' (length=7)
  protected 'responseBody' => string '{
 "error": {
  "errors": [
   {
    "domain": "global",
    "reason": "failedPrecondition",
    "message": "Bad Request"
   }
  ],
  "code": 400,
  "message": "Bad Request"
 }
}
' (length=179)
  protected 'expectedClass' => string 'Google_Service_Gmail_Message' (length=28)
  public 'accessKey' => null

Answer 1

终于可以用你的代码发送邮件了：

我认为您对 GMail API 有一点误解。

要使用它，您必须对 API 进行身份验证。为此，有两种方法：

• 使用 OAuth - 服务器将用户重定向到 google 的服务器，在那里他们可以登录、授予您的应用权限并将令牌传回给您
• 服务帐户。这些有点复杂：
  • 首先，您必须设置一个应用程序（完成）
  • 其次，您必须设置一个服务帐户。这就是您的应用向 google 进行身份验证的方式。你已经完成了，你得到的证书包含用于验证的私钥
  • 第三，用户需要授予您的应用程序访问权限以代表他们执行操作。这是您尚未完成的工作。

因此，您目前正在尝试从服务帐户发送邮件，但这不是 GMail 帐户。

开发者控制台使用的是OAuth方式，所以试试这个没问题。

另请注意：使用常规 GMail 帐户，您可以不使用“服务帐户”。您必须使用 OAuth。 要使用服务帐户，您需要成为 Google Apps 客户。

我不会在这里讨论 OAuth 授权，因为它完全不同，而且那里有 很多 示例。

要授予您的服务帐户权限以代表您的 GMails/Google Apps 帐户发送邮件，请按照 this document。对于One or More API Scopes，您必须输入 https://mail.google.com/,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.modify,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send.

设置完成后，就可以发送邮件了，修改代码如下：

$results = $service->users_messages->send("me", $msg);

不起作用，因为“我”指的是不能发送邮件的服务帐户（见上文）。 将 me 替换为发送邮件的帐户的用户 ID（邮件地址）。：

$results = $service->users_messages->send("senders_mail@domain.com", $msg);

然后，你需要添加

$cred->sub = 'senders_mail@domain.com';

下面

$cred = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials(
  $service_account_name,
  array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose'),
  $key
);

还请注意$message 在try...catch-Block 中应该是$msg。

您将在下面找到适合我的完整工作代码：

<?php
require_once realpath(dirname(__FILE__) . '/../src/Google/autoload.php');
$client_id = '*censored*.apps.googleusercontent.com';
$service_account_name = '*censored*@developer.gserviceaccount.com';
$key_file_location = '/tmp/apiKey.p12';


$userid_from='*censored*';
$client = new \Google_Client();
$client->setApplicationName("Client_Library_Examples");


//hmmm, really don't know whether these lines are necessary
if (isset($_SESSION['service_token'])) {
  $client->setAccessToken($_SESSION['service_token']);
}

$key = file_get_contents($key_file_location);
$cred = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials(
  $service_account_name,
  array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose', 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.modify','https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly'),
  $key
);
$cred->sub=$userid_from; //<-- Important!
$client->setAssertionCredentials($cred);

if ($client->getAuth()->isAccessTokenExpired()) {
  $client->getAuth()->refreshTokenWithAssertion($cred);
}

//check if you want the validity of this string at: http://www.komeil.com/toolbox/base64decoder
//it is web safe base64 encoded email
$mime = "*censored*, same content as you posted, but another recipient ;-)";


$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);

$msg = new \Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$msg->setRaw($mime);

try {
  $results = $service->users_messages->send($userid_from, $msg);
  print 'Message with ID: ' . $results->id . ' sent.';
} catch (\Exception $e) {
  print 'An error occurred: ' . $e->getMessage();
}

如果还有什么问题，欢迎提问！

Answer 2

要让我的服务帐户客户端正常工作，我需要添加以下内容：

// you MUST do this to avoid 400 error
$user_to_impersonate = 'junk@example.net';
$client->setSubject($user_to_impersonate);

Answer 3

我认为您忘记将 $client_id 分配给您的 $client 变量。

$client = new Google_Client();

$client->setApplicationName('Gmail API test');
$client->setDeveloperKey('<YOUR_API_KEY>');
$client->setClientSecret('<YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET>');
$client->SetClientId('599901532082-js1r50n20q6n5mir9fo1g81qkj9kfn3j.apps.googleusercontent.com');
$client->setScopes(array('https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send'));
$client->setAccessToken('{"access_token":"<YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN>",
                          "token_type":"Bearer"‌​,"expires_in":3600,
                          "refresh_token":"<YOUR_REFRESH_TOKEN>","created":12344556}');

$service = new Google_Service_Gmail($client);

$raw = "RnJvbTogSm9obiBEb2UgPHRpcmVuZ2FyZmlvQGdtYWlsLmVzPiANClRvOiBNYXJ5IFNtaXRoIDx0aXJlbmdhcmZpb0BnbWFpbC5jb20-IA0KU3ViamVjdDogU2F5aW5nIEhlbGxvIA0KRGF0ZTogRnJpLCAyMSBOb3YgMTk5NyAwOTo1NTowNiAtMDYwMCANCk1lc3NhZ2UtSUQ6IDwxMjM0QGxvY2FsLm1hY2hpbmUuZXhhbXBsZT4NCg0KVGhpcyBpcyBhIG1lc3NhZ2UganVzdCB0byBzYXkgaGVsbG8uIFNvLCAiSGVsbG8iLg==";

$msg = new Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$msg->setRaw($raw);

$results = $service->users_messages->send("me", $msg);
print 'Message with ID: ' . $message->getId() . ' sent.';

Answer 4

这是一个完整的工作示例，只需确保更改所有适当的信息并使用 PHPMailer 来格式化有效的邮件。

<?php

// this the link to gmail-api-client or whatever you have...
require 'vendor/autoload.php';

// download PHPMailer
// https://github.com/PHPMailer/PHPMailer and uncomment the line below.
// require 'PHPMailer/PHPMailerAutoload.php';

define('FROM', 'aseptik@gmail.com'); //email of sender
define('TO', 'XXXXXXX@XXXXX.com');//email of receiver

$client_email = 'XXXXX@developer.gserviceaccount.com';
$private_key = file_get_contents('tmp/XXXXXXX.p12');
$scopes = array(
    'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.send',
    'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.compose'
);

$credentials = new \Google_Auth_AssertionCredentials($client_email, $scopes, $private_key);

$credentials->sub = FROM;

$client = new Google_Client();

$client->setAssertionCredentials($credentials);
if ($client->getAuth()->isAccessTokenExpired()) {
    $client->getAuth()->refreshTokenWithAssertion();
}

function create_message() {
    $mail = new PHPMailer();
    $mail->setFrom(FROM, 'John Doe 1');
    $mail->addAddress(TO, 'John Doe 2');
    $mail->Subject = 'Saying Hello';
    $mail->Body = 'This is a message just to say hello. So, "Hello"';
    $mail->preSend();
    $mime = $mail->getSentMIMEMessage();
    return urlsafe_b64encode($mime);
}

function sendMessage($service, $userId, $message) {
    try {
        $message = $service->users_messages->send($userId, $message);
        print 'Message with ID: ' . $message->getId() . ' sent.';
        return $message;
    }
    catch(Exception $e) {
        print 'An error occurred: ' . $e->getMessage();
    }
}

function urlsafe_b64encode($string) {
    $data = base64_encode($string);
    $data = str_replace(array('+','/','=') , array('-','_','') , $data);
    return $data;
}

$service = new \Google_Service_Gmail($client);

$msg = new \Google_Service_Gmail_Message();
$msg->setRaw(create_message());

sendMessage($service, 'me', $msg);
?>

Answer 5

在字符串和 url 中使用 URL Endocde。

此错误是 url 中的空格。