【问题标题】:No module named base while running python manage.py --settings=[mysettings]运行 python manage.py --settings=[mysettings] 时没有名为 base 的模块
【发布时间】:2019-09-11 17:05:39
【问题描述】:

运行命令时 - python manage.py test --settings=todobackend.settings.test 从 virtualenv 内的终端我收到错误 ImportError: No module named base

我正在运行 python 2.7 和 Django 1.9.0

层次结构

todobackend
    settings
        base.py
        test.py
manage.py

test.py

from base import *
import os
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': os.environ.get('MYSQL_DATABASE', 'todobackend'),
        'USER': os.environ.get('MYSQL_USER', 'todo'),
        'PASSWORD': os.environ.get('MYSQL_PASSWORD', 'password'),
        'HOST': os.environ.get('MYSQL_HOST', 'localhost'),
        'PORT': os.environ.get('MYSQL_PORT', '3306')
    }
}

base.py

"""
Django settings for todobackend project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 1.11.20.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'rest_framework',
    'corsheaders',
    'todos'
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'todobackend.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'todobackend.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# CORS Settings
CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True

ma​​nage.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE",
                          "todobackend.settings.base")
    try:
        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    except ImportError:
        # The above import may fail for some other reason. Ensure that the
        # issue is really that Django is missing to avoid masking other
        # exceptions on Python 2.
        try:
            import django
        except ImportError:
            raise ImportError(
                "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
                "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
                "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
            )
        raise
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

【问题讨论】:

    标签: python django


    【解决方案1】:

    您的设置文件夹不是 Python 包,您必须在该文件夹中添加一个名为 __init__.py 的文件。

    【讨论】:

    • __init__.py 就在 settings 文件夹的外面。我应该将这个空文件移到设置文件夹中吗?
    • 你应该在设置文件夹中创建另一个我不能告诉你移动你已经拥有的那个因为可能会产生另一个问题。
    • 当然。我这样做了,即创建了一个空的__init__.py 文件并运行了相同的命令。它现在说,ImportError: No module named d
    • 好吧,我可以告诉你已经解决了最初的问题,现在你遇到了另一个问题,即找不到名为 d 的模块。我建议就这个新问题再写一个问题。
    • 我没有名为 d 的模块。你有所有相关的代码。自发布以来,我没有更改任何代码本身。我相信想法是让代码运行并在这里提供实际帮助。以防您必须进行逻辑辩论。我有几个问题。我怎么知道您的解决方案完全解决了我的问题?如果你发布了一半呢?
    【解决方案2】:

    您的 INSTALLED_APPS 中没有“base”,当您在 test.py 文件中导入 base 时,Django 会查找它。 最重要的是,更高版本的 Python 似乎真的更喜欢完整的导入路径而不是相对路径,如果不使用它可能会引发错误。

    要解决此问题,只需添加:

    //test.py
    from todobackend.settings.base import *
    

    我希望这会有所帮助!

    【讨论】:

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