【发布时间】:2016-08-20 08:32:06
【问题描述】:
我尝试在我的代码中应用 PCA,当我使用以下代码训练我的数据时:
def gather_train():
train_data = np.array([])
train_labels = np.array([])
with open(training_info, "r") as traincsv:
for line in traincsv:
current_image = "train\\{}".format(line.strip().split(",")[0])
print "Reading data from: {}".format(current_image)
train_labels = np.append(train_labels, int(line.strip().split(",")[1]))
with open(current_image, "rb") as img:
train_data = np.append(train_data, np.fromfile(img, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(-1, 784)/255.0)
train_data = train_data.reshape(len(train_labels), 784)
return train_data, train_labels
def get_PCA_train(data):
print "\nFitting PCA. Components: {} ...".format(PCA_components)
pca = decomposition.PCA(n_components=PCA_components).fit(data)
print "\nReducing data to {} components ...".format(PCA_components)
data_reduced = pca.fit_transform(data)
return data_reduced
def get_PCA_test(data):
print "\nFitting PCA. Components: {} ...".format(PCA_components)
pca = decomposition.PCA(n_components=PCA_components).fit(data)
print "\nReducing data to {} components ...".format(PCA_components)
data_reduced = pca.transform(data)
return data_reduced
def gather_test(imgfile):
#input is a file, and reads data from it. different from gather_train which gathers all at once
with open(imgfile, "rb") as img:
return np.fromfile(img, dtype=np.uint8,).reshape(-1, 784)/255.0
...
train_data = gather_train()
train_data_reduced = get_PCA_train(train_data)
print train_data.ndim, train_data.shape
print train_data_reduced.ndim, train_data_reduced.shape
它打印出预期的ff:
2 (1000L, 784L)
2 (1000L, 300L)
但是当我开始减少我的测试数据时:
test_data = gather_test(image_file)
# image_file is 784 bytes (28x28) of pixel values; 1 byte = 1 pixel value
test_data_reduced = get_PCA_test(test_data)
print test_data.ndim, test_data.shape
print test_data_reduced.ndim, test_data_reduced.shape
输出是:
2 (1L, 784L)
2 (1L, 1L)
稍后会导致错误:
ValueError: X.shape[1] = 1 应该等于 300,个数 训练时的特征
为什么 test_data_reduced 的形状是 (1,1),而不是 (1,300)?我尝试使用fit_transform 用于训练数据和transform 仅用于测试数据,但仍然是同样的错误。
【问题讨论】:
-
你的数据是什么样的,你能发布一些模型吗?但是,您应用 PCA 是错误的,您应该对训练数据进行 fit_transform,然后仅转换测试数据。当您重新拟合测试数据时,您实际上忽略了您的训练数据。另外,您应该发布更完整的代码 - 您如何定义 train_data 和 test_data?
-
@flyingmeatball 是正确的,这是因为您正在根据测试数据重新训练 PCA 模型。
-
@flyingmeatball 我添加了更多代码。这里的流程是
train_data与test_data相似,只是test_data是单项 -
我在
train_data上使用了fit_transform,在test_data上使用了transform,但我仍然遇到同样的错误 -
但是
transform上方的两行仍然是fittest数据。您需要使用training数据。
标签: python scikit-learn pca