在 Amazon Linux 虚拟服务器上的 Python 2.7 上安装 GDAL

Question

我有一个 t2.micro Amazon Linux 实例正在运行。

Python 2.7.12 已预先安装。我想用 Python 安装 GDAL。

我已经安装了 gcc c++ 和 numpy。

以下命令都不适合我：

sudo yum install gdal-devel

sudo yum install gdal

sudo yum install python-gdal

他们都导致以下消息说。

No package {PACKAGE_NAME} available.
Error: Nothing to do

我无法在 Amazon Linux 实例上运行 apt-get。

也没有任何相关的 SO 帖子对我有用。

我也跑了

sudo easy_install GDAL

这给出了如下的 MemoryError：

Searching for GDAL
Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/GDAL/
Best match: GDAL 2.2.1
Downloading https://pypi.python.org/packages/f2/c3/1cadfcae9a4330c3a68c41e3bc96a5d228883eec6ea3e2fc6321165b863c/GDAL-2.2.1.tar.gz#md5=4d78446b1053825a2d15b70730288b0f
Processing GDAL-2.2.1.tar.gz
Writing /tmp/easy_install-1VNr7G/GDAL-2.2.1/setup.cfg
Running GDAL-2.2.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-1VNr7G/GDAL-2.2.1/egg-dist-tmp-q1jQCi
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/easy_install", line 9, in <module>
    load_entry_point('setuptools==12.2', 'console_scripts', 'easy_install-2.7')()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 2297, in main
    distclass=DistributionWithoutHelpCommands, **kw
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/core.py", line 151, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 953, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/distutils/dist.py", line 972, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 393, in run
    self.easy_install(spec, not self.no_deps)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 642, in easy_install
    return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 672, in install_item
    dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 857, in install_eggs
    return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1085, in build_and_install
    self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1071, in run_setup
    run_setup(setup_script, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 240, in run_setup
    raise
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 35, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 193, in setup_context
    yield
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 35, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 152, in save_modules
    yield saved
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 126, in __exit__
    self._saved = UnpickleableException.dump(type, exc)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 110, in dump
    return cls.dump(cls, cls(repr(exc)))
MemoryError

Answer 1

它在 EPEL 存储库中。试试这个：

sudo yum-config-manager --enable epel
sudo yum install gdal-python
sudo yum -y update
sudo yum -y install make automake gcc gcc-c++ libcurl-devel proj-devel geos-devel
cd /tmp
curl -L http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/2.0.0/gdal-2.0.0.tar.gz | tar zxf -
cd gdal-2.0.0/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-python
make -j4
sudo make install
sudo easy_install GDAL
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH"
sudo ldconfig

我能够让它在运行 amazon linux 的新 t2.micro 上工作。 最终导出需要在 bash 脚本或相关位置永久保存，具体取决于您的需要。

之后我可以from osgeo import gdal

您可以在 /tmp/gdal-2.0.0 文件夹中make clean 完成后释放一些空间。

警告 - 在 t2.micro 上构建需要很长时间

Answer 2

我在我的 EC2 实例 (m4.large) 上关注了这个 link，它有 Amazon Linux 和 python 2.7。它对我来说非常有效（我将 Gdal 2.0.0 更改为 2.2.0）。只要确保您拥有所有依赖项（即 numpy 和 libgdal）。如果您有任何问题，请告诉我！

Answer 3

Nix 包管理器为我工作：

curl https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh
. /home/ec2-user/.nix-profile/etc/profile.d/nix.sh
nix-env -i gdal